{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225317467","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23979960","title":"Binding an AI Shopping Agent's Purchase Intent to the Actual Seller, Total Obligation, Payment, Order and Delivered Outcome","display_name":"Binding an AI Shopping Agent's Purchase Intent to the Actual Seller, Total Obligation, Payment, Order and Delivered Outcome","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225317467","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23979960"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.23979960","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23979960","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23979960","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23979960","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123721973","display_name":"Sangam Das","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4056-9213","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4056-9213"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"DAS, SANGAM","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5123721973"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13364","display_name":"Digitalization, Law, and Regulation","score":0.23520000278949738,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13364","display_name":"Digitalization, Law, and Regulation","score":0.23520000278949738,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12128","display_name":"AI in Service Interactions","score":0.11240000277757645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.10490000247955322,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logic","display_name":"logic","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ai-safety-evaluation","display_name":"AI safety evaluation","score":0.7409999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/payment-authorization","display_name":"payment authorization","score":0.6650000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capture","display_name":"capture","score":0.45500001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hidden-fees","display_name":"hidden fees","score":0.8299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/idempotence","display_name":"idempotency","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/three-valued-logic","display_name":"ternary logic","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agentic-commerce","display_name":"agentic commerce","score":0.5}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148220186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7111912","display_name":"Outcome (game theory)","level":2,"score":0.739799976348877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145097563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148747","display_name":"Payment","level":2,"score":0.7148000001907349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.6312000155448914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5774000287055969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26869875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2596417","display_name":"Beneficiary","level":2,"score":0.564300000667572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5450000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778979077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q330190","display_name":"Receipt","level":2,"score":0.47780001163482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162118730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128453","display_name":"Actuarial science","level":1,"score":0.43320000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96865113","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2946816","display_name":"Certificate","level":2,"score":0.4244999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4237000048160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4187000095844269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779820595","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q798505","display_name":"Listing (finance)","level":2,"score":0.40939998626708984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112698675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37038","display_name":"Advertising","level":1,"score":0.400299996137619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199521495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181487","display_name":"Audit","level":2,"score":0.3765000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189430467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7293293","display_name":"Ranking (information retrieval)","level":2,"score":0.358599990606308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141121606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8142","display_name":"Currency","level":2,"score":0.3231000006198883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776034101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1509347","display_name":"Commission","level":2,"score":0.32109999656677246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112758219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16038819","display_name":"Duration (music)","level":2,"score":0.31940001249313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780938662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q973710","display_name":"Tying","level":2,"score":0.31769999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778447849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2648051","display_name":"Obligation","level":2,"score":0.3140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.3131999969482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97399411","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q825367","display_name":"Coin flipping","level":2,"score":0.31060001254081726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29122968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816","display_name":"Incentive","level":2,"score":0.3102000057697296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48145219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1335365","display_name":"Security token","level":2,"score":0.3093000054359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21021354","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207171","display_name":"Payment card","level":3,"score":0.3003000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779614062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q716894","display_name":"Lease","level":2,"score":0.29980000853538513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778813691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1369832","display_name":"Purchasing","level":2,"score":0.29600000381469727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134448949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1384274","display_name":"Expediting","level":2,"score":0.29350000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.2922999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167254554","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q338451","display_name":"Escrow","level":2,"score":0.29170000553131104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777338717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1762621","display_name":"Vendor","level":2,"score":0.2906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781456945","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190581","display_name":"Invoice","level":2,"score":0.28450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.28279998898506165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134418285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q643327","display_name":"Purchase order","level":3,"score":0.2825999855995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15569618","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3561421","display_name":"Liveness","level":2,"score":0.28119999170303345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55166926","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2892946","display_name":"Oracle","level":2,"score":0.28110000491142273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101516089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1368743","display_name":"Consignment","level":2,"score":0.27390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776728590","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q363948","display_name":"Contradiction","level":2,"score":0.2727999985218048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89992363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5961558","display_name":"Track (disk drive)","level":2,"score":0.2720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111424310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282669","display_name":"Dispose pattern","level":2,"score":0.2662999927997589}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.23979960","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23979960","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23979960","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.23979961","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23979961","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23979961","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.23979960","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23979960","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23979960","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7223681025","https://openalex.org/W7223465391","https://openalex.org/W7165565505","https://openalex.org/W7224297582","https://openalex.org/W7221801962","https://openalex.org/W7221728365","https://openalex.org/W7212232657","https://openalex.org/W7163739692","https://openalex.org/W7214971269","https://openalex.org/W7131101268"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"AI":[0,358,362],"shopping":[1,363],"agents":[2],"discover":[3],"products,":[4],"assemble":[5],"carts,":[6],"accept":[7],"terms,":[8],"pay":[9],"and":[10,18,62,92,135,165,173,193,197,217,225,231,246,263,292,297,309,312,315,323,344,382],"track":[11],"delivery":[12],"across":[13],"marketplaces,":[14],"merchants,":[15],"payment":[16,54,136,301,369],"providers":[17],"carriers.":[19],"Each":[20],"step":[21],"produces":[22],"a":[23,30,35,49,52,65,72,75,93,97,105,241,258,264,283,316],"signal":[24],"that":[25,111,240],"is":[26,32,56,78,86,146,212,250,341,350],"easy":[27],"to":[28,71,119,140,184,352],"over-read:":[29],"recommendation":[31],"not":[33,39,57,79,87,345],"consent,":[34],"consent":[36],"screen":[37],"may":[38,68],"show":[40],"the":[41,45,88,141,143,168,171,174,180,186,339],"shipping":[42,160],"charge":[43,77,100],"or":[44,336,354],"renewal":[46],"hidden":[47,379],"in":[48,148,236,320],"free":[50,383],"trial,":[51],"valid":[53],"credential":[55],"authority":[58],"for":[59,109],"this":[60,63],"product":[61],"seller,":[64,131],"marketplace":[66,308],"listing":[67],"route":[69],"money":[70],"different":[73],"beneficiary,":[74],"captured":[76],"an":[80,83,112,204,247],"accepted":[81,84],"order,":[82,215],"order":[85],"right":[89],"item":[90],"delivered,":[91],"timeout":[94],"followed":[95],"by":[96],"retry":[98,209],"can":[99],"twice.":[101],"This":[102],"disclosure":[103],"describes":[104],"vendor-neutral,":[106],"non-actuating":[107,317],"method":[108],"checking":[110],"autonomous":[113,365],"purchase":[114,367],"stays":[115],"consistent":[116],"from":[117,125],"intent":[118],"outcome.":[120],"Mandatory":[121],"requirements":[122],"are":[123,138,220,234],"separated":[124],"preferences;":[126],"product,":[127],"variant,":[128],"quantity,":[129],"actual":[130],"merchant":[132,372],"of":[133,373],"record":[134],"beneficiary":[137],"bound":[139],"approval;":[142],"complete":[144],"obligation":[145],"recomputed":[147],"integer":[149],"minor":[150],"currency":[151],"units":[152],"(unit":[153],"price":[154],"\u00d7":[155],"quantity":[156],"+":[157,159,161],"tax":[158],"fees":[162],"\u2212":[163],"discounts)":[164],"compared":[166],"with":[167,270,285,325],"checkout":[169,188,289,377],"total,":[170],"approvedmaximum":[172],"remaining":[175],"shared":[176,327,388],"budget.":[177],"Admission":[178],"requires":[179],"exact":[181],"pending":[182],"operation":[183],"match":[185],"approved":[187],"revision":[189],"under":[190],"current,":[191],"unrevoked":[192],"unused":[194],"authority;":[195,203],"recurring":[196],"trial":[198],"terms":[199],"need":[200],"their":[201],"own":[202],"unknown":[205,248],"remote":[206],"disposition":[207],"blocks":[208],"until":[210],"non-acceptance":[211],"proven.":[213],"Payment,":[214],"fulfillment":[216,392],"refund":[218],"outcomes":[219],"kept":[221],"as":[222,253],"separate":[223,265],"evidence,":[224],"three":[226],"verdicts":[227],"\u2014":[228,233],"preflight,":[229],"outcome":[230,249],"overall":[232],"computed":[235],"three-valued":[237,394],"logic":[238,395],"so":[239],"contradiction":[242],"prevails":[243],"over":[244],"unknowns":[245],"never":[251,333],"reported":[252],"success.":[254],"The":[255,348],"document":[256],"provides":[257],"60-stage,":[259],"six-phase":[260],"commerce":[261],"workflow":[262],"52-stage":[266],"payment-specific":[267],"workflow,":[268],"each":[269],"flowcharts,":[271],"72":[272],"plus":[273],"64":[274],"technical":[275,278],"invariants,":[276],"twelve":[277],"variations,":[279],"60":[280],"engineering":[281],"checkpoints,":[282],"comparison":[284],"existing":[286],"approaches":[287],"(agentic":[288],"protocols,":[290],"network":[291],"wallet":[293],"tokens,":[294],"3-D":[295],"Secure":[296],"strong":[298],"customer":[299],"authentication,":[300],"idempotency":[302],"keys,":[303],"authorization/capture":[304],"separation,":[305],"spending":[306],"controls,":[307],"payee":[310,375],"verification,":[311],"subscription":[313],"regulation)":[314],"reference":[318],"evaluator":[319],"Python,":[321],"JavaScript":[322],"Go":[324],"89":[326],"synthetic":[328],"vectors,":[329],"all":[330],"passing.":[331],"It":[332],"orders,":[334],"pays":[335],"handles":[337],"credentials;":[338],"laboratory":[340],"synthetic,":[342],"self-authored":[343],"peer":[346],"reviewed.":[347],"author":[349],"open":[351],"acquihire":[353],"strategic":[355],"collaboration.":[356],"Keywords:":[357],"safety;":[359],"agentic":[360],"commerce;":[361],"agents;":[364],"purchasing;":[366],"intent;":[368],"authorization;":[370],"capture;":[371],"record;":[374],"verification;":[376,393],"integrity;":[378],"fees;":[380],"subscriptions":[381],"trials;":[384],"idempotency;":[385],"duplicate":[386],"charges;":[387],"budgets;":[389],"multi-agent":[390],"spending;":[391]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2026-11-06T00:00:00"}