{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225317257","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1099/jgv.0.002365","title":"Human Pegivirus Type 1 Coinfections: Epidemiology, Heterogeneity and Clinical Implications","display_name":"Human Pegivirus Type 1 Coinfections: Epidemiology, Heterogeneity and Clinical Implications","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225317257","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1099/jgv.0.002365","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42986775","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13739288"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1099/jgv.0.002365","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1099/jgv.0.002365","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1099/jgv.0.002365","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S103035011","display_name":"Journal of General Virology","issn_l":"0022-1317","issn":["0022-1317","1465-2099"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320497","host_organization_name":"Microbiology Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320497"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Microbiology Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of General Virology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1099/jgv.0.002365","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015101639","display_name":"Mathieu Garand","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4243-853X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4243-853X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204465549","display_name":"Washington University in St. Louis","ror":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mathieu Garand","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4243-853X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125588551","display_name":"Ching Ching Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7122-4659","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7122-4659"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204465549","display_name":"Washington University in St. Louis","ror":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ching Ching Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7122-4659","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160736380","display_name":"Grace Guo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204465549","display_name":"Washington University in St. Louis","ror":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Grace Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160811312","display_name":"Ting Zhong","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204465549","display_name":"Washington University in St. Louis","ror":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ting Zhong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016070837","display_name":"Jack T. Stapleton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2302-9055","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2302-9055"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126307644","display_name":"University of Iowa","ror":"https://ror.org/036jqmy94","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126307644"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135841","display_name":"Iowa City VA Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/03r9k1585","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210132647","https://openalex.org/I4210135841","https://openalex.org/I4210159720"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jack T. Stapleton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Infectious Diseases, Departments of Internal Medicine, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa and the Iowa City Veterans Administration Medical Center, Iowa City, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Departments of Internal Medicine, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa and the Iowa City Veterans Administration Medical Center, Iowa City, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126307644","https://openalex.org/I4210135841"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042095567","display_name":"Pirooz Eghtesady","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7161-8391","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7161-8391"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204465549","display_name":"Washington University in St. Louis","ror":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pirooz Eghtesady","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015101639","https://openalex.org/A5125588551"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"107","issue":"11","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10151","display_name":"Hepatitis C virus research","score":0.9570000171661377,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2721","display_name":"Hepatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10151","display_name":"Hepatitis C virus research","score":0.9570000171661377,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2721","display_name":"Hepatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10685","display_name":"Viral-associated cancers and disorders","score":0.007899999618530273,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11495","display_name":"Animal Virus Infections Studies","score":0.004800000227987766,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hepatitis-g-virus","display_name":"hepatitis G virus","score":0.9679999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coinfection","display_name":"co-infection","score":0.7519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-coinfection","display_name":"HIV coinfection","score":0.9369999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hepatitis-c-virus","display_name":"hepatitis C virus","score":0.8270000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hepatitis-b-virus","display_name":"hepatitis B virus","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-hodgkin-lymphoma","display_name":"non-Hodgkin lymphoma","score":0.9350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anti-e2-antibodies","display_name":"anti-E2 antibodies","score":0.718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virus-transmission","display_name":"virus transmission","score":0.4880000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viral-genotypes","display_name":"viral genotypes","score":0.4950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regional-variation","display_name":"regional variation","score":0.6970000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spontaneous-viral-clearance","display_name":"spontaneous viral clearance","score":0.6290000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-hepatitis","display_name":"chronic hepatitis","score":0.640999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acute-infection","display_name":"acute infection","score":0.5600000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/therapeutic-potential","display_name":"therapeutic potential","score":0.4059999883174896}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780847992","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1484758","display_name":"GB virus C","level":5,"score":0.8199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.7386000156402588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777813720","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1243018","display_name":"Coinfection","level":3,"score":0.737500011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.6635000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776408679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q708693","display_name":"Hepatitis C virus","level":3,"score":0.611299991607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522874641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808","display_name":"Virus","level":2,"score":0.5253999829292297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777510210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1331256","display_name":"Flaviviridae","level":4,"score":0.48100000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779338263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208414","display_name":"Lymphoma","level":2,"score":0.4650999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.4311999976634979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776029263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131742","display_name":"Hepatitis","level":2,"score":0.41909998655319214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780727368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1928978","display_name":"Viral disease","level":3,"score":0.41670000553131104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135763542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106016","display_name":"Genotype","level":3,"score":0.4059999883174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.4007999897003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16184334","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q604261","display_name":"Oncovirus","level":3,"score":0.38109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020804797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1983841","display_name":"Hepatitis virus","level":3,"score":0.37139999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163276114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484591","display_name":"Natural history","level":2,"score":0.3564999997615814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781463415","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2082778","display_name":"Hepacivirus","level":4,"score":0.3555000126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777382497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6853","display_name":"Hepatitis B","level":2,"score":0.34380000829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780593183","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6844","display_name":"Hepatitis B virus","level":3,"score":0.3319999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776455275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154869","display_name":"Hepatitis C","level":2,"score":0.3237999975681305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159654299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79460","display_name":"Antibody","level":2,"score":0.32089999318122864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3013748606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15787","display_name":"Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)","level":2,"score":0.29649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.2687999904155731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113280763","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2326546","display_name":"Subclinical infection","level":2,"score":0.2623000144958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776452011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q311463","display_name":"Sida","level":4,"score":0.25619998574256897}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000087082","descriptor_name":"Pegivirus","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000087082","descriptor_name":"Pegivirus","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005838","descriptor_name":"Genotype","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015658","descriptor_name":"HIV Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015658","descriptor_name":"HIV Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000821","qualifier_name":"virology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018178","descriptor_name":"Flaviviridae Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018178","descriptor_name":"Flaviviridae Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000635","qualifier_name":"transmission","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018178","descriptor_name":"Flaviviridae Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000821","qualifier_name":"virology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D029407","descriptor_name":"GB virus C","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D029407","descriptor_name":"GB virus C","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D060085","descriptor_name":"Coinfection","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D060085","descriptor_name":"Coinfection","qualifier_ui":"Q000821","qualifier_name":"virology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1099/jgv.0.002365","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1099/jgv.0.002365","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1099/jgv.0.002365","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S103035011","display_name":"Journal of General Virology","issn_l":"0022-1317","issn":["0022-1317","1465-2099"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320497","host_organization_name":"Microbiology Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320497"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Microbiology Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of General Virology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13739288","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13739288/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13739288/pdf/jgv-107-02365.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"J Gen Virol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:42986775","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42986775","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of general virology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1099/jgv.0.002365","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1099/jgv.0.002365","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1099/jgv.0.002365","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S103035011","display_name":"Journal of General Virology","issn_l":"0022-1317","issn":["0022-1317","1465-2099"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320497","host_organization_name":"Microbiology Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320497"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Microbiology Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of General Virology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.98580002784729}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306127","display_name":"U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs","ror":"https://ror.org/05rsv9s98"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225317257.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225317257.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":164,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W23349335","https://openalex.org/W170888496","https://openalex.org/W200820560","https://openalex.org/W1557838413","https://openalex.org/W1594293337","https://openalex.org/W1602916551","https://openalex.org/W1931777665","https://openalex.org/W1965451065","https://openalex.org/W1965635354","https://openalex.org/W1965895067","https://openalex.org/W1967993610","https://openalex.org/W1970290119","https://openalex.org/W1973835968","https://openalex.org/W1975764118","https://openalex.org/W1976464260","https://openalex.org/W1978607741","https://openalex.org/W1979205899","https://openalex.org/W1980086565","https://openalex.org/W1980317516","https://openalex.org/W1988691972","https://openalex.org/W1992535363","https://openalex.org/W1994930517","https://openalex.org/W1999755047","https://openalex.org/W2000106055","https://openalex.org/W2001010866","https://openalex.org/W2001866499","https://openalex.org/W2005155558","https://openalex.org/W2010147831","https://openalex.org/W2011415272","https://openalex.org/W2015070409","https://openalex.org/W2016102554","https://openalex.org/W2016868458","https://openalex.org/W2017398972","https://openalex.org/W2018097631","https://openalex.org/W2018690457","https://openalex.org/W2022238336","https://openalex.org/W2027539258","https://openalex.org/W2028446620","https://openalex.org/W2032208520","https://openalex.org/W2035267413","https://openalex.org/W2037542325","https://openalex.org/W2038264706","https://openalex.org/W2040375840","https://openalex.org/W2042251293","https://openalex.org/W2042666718","https://openalex.org/W2043968135","https://openalex.org/W2048650152","https://openalex.org/W2056790049","https://openalex.org/W2056978825","https://openalex.org/W2057542843","https://openalex.org/W2058828376","https://openalex.org/W2059736344","https://openalex.org/W2063204424","https://openalex.org/W2065908206","https://openalex.org/W2066521127","https://openalex.org/W2067394298","https://openalex.org/W2068539952","https://openalex.org/W2069211104","https://openalex.org/W2070476096","https://openalex.org/W2070931061","https://openalex.org/W2071545257","https://openalex.org/W2074232603","https://openalex.org/W2075599499","https://openalex.org/W2077612168","https://openalex.org/W2077730362","https://openalex.org/W2081799782","https://openalex.org/W2086133982","https://openalex.org/W2086723140","https://openalex.org/W2091840014","https://openalex.org/W2092284137","https://openalex.org/W2093499897","https://openalex.org/W2094130716","https://openalex.org/W2094203047","https://openalex.org/W2096358495","https://openalex.org/W2100764097","https://openalex.org/W2101028918","https://openalex.org/W2101669977","https://openalex.org/W2102074609","https://openalex.org/W2105928649","https://openalex.org/W2106890167","https://openalex.org/W2110027366","https://openalex.org/W2113972726","https://openalex.org/W2115235273","https://openalex.org/W2119241894","https://openalex.org/W2120825467","https://openalex.org/W2122798331","https://openalex.org/W2123550299","https://openalex.org/W2124251449","https://openalex.org/W2124296164","https://openalex.org/W2131461599","https://openalex.org/W2131894567","https://openalex.org/W2132608906","https://openalex.org/W2135816279","https://openalex.org/W2137978726","https://openalex.org/W2140900654","https://openalex.org/W2141579142","https://openalex.org/W2141702722","https://openalex.org/W2142787317","https://openalex.org/W2142875796","https://openalex.org/W2142876418","https://openalex.org/W2142923722","https://openalex.org/W2143126896","https://openalex.org/W2143296014","https://openalex.org/W2144566229","https://openalex.org/W2146058511","https://openalex.org/W2154585900","https://openalex.org/W2162087332","https://openalex.org/W2170022661","https://openalex.org/W2170710372","https://openalex.org/W2171465833","https://openalex.org/W2191545791","https://openalex.org/W2195358106","https://openalex.org/W2255531223","https://openalex.org/W2258910200","https://openalex.org/W2283609048","https://openalex.org/W2297498980","https://openalex.org/W2312240852","https://openalex.org/W2315848849","https://openalex.org/W2319836716","https://openalex.org/W2325609851","https://openalex.org/W2336905550","https://openalex.org/W2403382422","https://openalex.org/W2416117919","https://openalex.org/W2578013986","https://openalex.org/W2582722326","https://openalex.org/W2587802539","https://openalex.org/W2611071535","https://openalex.org/W2745259335","https://openalex.org/W2753341370","https://openalex.org/W2790757127","https://openalex.org/W2803761138","https://openalex.org/W2807521334","https://openalex.org/W2888053821","https://openalex.org/W2915701871","https://openalex.org/W2952808916","https://openalex.org/W2957319915","https://openalex.org/W2996495821","https://openalex.org/W3021153073","https://openalex.org/W3093060946","https://openalex.org/W3095304109","https://openalex.org/W3123424978","https://openalex.org/W3135339476","https://openalex.org/W3180863565","https://openalex.org/W4210929019","https://openalex.org/W4238676799","https://openalex.org/W4243184757","https://openalex.org/W4243633522","https://openalex.org/W4247065562","https://openalex.org/W4281619335","https://openalex.org/W4297516018","https://openalex.org/W4299517929","https://openalex.org/W4328102238","https://openalex.org/W4385948357","https://openalex.org/W4386498519","https://openalex.org/W4389976025","https://openalex.org/W4399130093","https://openalex.org/W4399174900","https://openalex.org/W4400982112","https://openalex.org/W4401070477","https://openalex.org/W4409192963","https://openalex.org/W4410141781","https://openalex.org/W4412081323","https://openalex.org/W4415625371","https://openalex.org/W7128713507"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4414427759","https://openalex.org/W2946124050","https://openalex.org/W4220966507","https://openalex.org/W3109250697","https://openalex.org/W3165691065","https://openalex.org/W2747434737","https://openalex.org/W4328102238","https://openalex.org/W2790757127","https://openalex.org/W4386498519","https://openalex.org/W2392658662"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"family":[0],"previously":[1],"known":[2],"as":[3],"GB":[4],"virus":[5,17,88,93],"type":[6],"C":[7,16],"or":[8],"hepatitis":[9,15,91],"G":[10],"virus.":[11],"Structurally":[12],"similar":[13],"to":[14,150],"(HCV),":[18],"HPgV":[19,83,109],"is":[20,28],"lymphotropic":[21],"and":[22,54,60,94,104,129,134,158],"while":[23,121],"viraemia":[24],"in":[25,114],"healthy":[26],"donors":[27],"asymptomatic,":[29],"it":[30],"has":[31],"been":[32],"associated":[33],"with":[34,44,147],"the":[35,141],"onset":[36],"of":[37,47,66],"several":[38],"non-Hodgkin":[39],"lymphoma":[40,130],"subtypes.":[41],"We":[42],"begin":[43],"an":[45],"overview":[46],"HPgV's":[48,152],"genomic":[49],"features,":[50],"classification,":[51],"transmission":[52],"routes":[53],"natural":[55],"history,":[56],"including":[57],"spontaneous":[58],"clearance":[59],"post-infection":[61],"anti-E2":[62],"antibody":[63],"development.":[64],"As":[65],"03":[67],"February":[68],"2026,":[69],"a":[70,111],"PubMed":[71],"search":[72],"yielded":[73],"346":[74],"relevant":[75],"studies":[76,146],"from":[77],"which":[78],"data":[79],"were":[80],"synthesized,":[81],"reporting":[82],"coinfection":[84],"across":[85],"human":[86,156],"immunodeficiency":[87],"(HIV),":[89],"HCV,":[90],"B":[92],"other":[95],"viral":[96],"diseases":[97],"-":[98],"highlighting":[99],"genotype":[100],"distributions,":[101],"geographic":[102],"variability":[103],"population-specific":[105],"patterns.":[106],"In":[107],"summary,":[108],"shows":[110],"reproducible":[112],"signal":[113],"HIV":[115],"coinfections,":[116],"suggesting":[117],"potential":[118,160],"therapeutic":[119,162],"benefits,":[120],"its":[122,159],"impact":[123,154],"on":[124,155],"chronic":[125],"hepatitis,":[126],"acute":[127],"infections":[128],"risk":[131],"remains":[132],"preliminary":[133],"requires":[135],"further":[136],"investigation.":[137],"This":[138],"review":[139],"highlights":[140],"need":[142],"for":[143,161],"rigorous":[144],"prospective":[145],"standardized":[148],"protocols":[149],"clarify":[151],"true":[153],"health":[157],"application.":[163]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2026-11-06T00:00:00"}
