{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225316474","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture16212427","title":"HCC-RT-DETR: Residual Channel Calibration for Small-Lesion Detection in Tobacco Field Images","display_name":"HCC-RT-DETR: Residual Channel Calibration for Small-Lesion Detection in Tobacco Field Images","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225316474","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture16212427"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/agriculture16212427","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture16212427","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture16212427","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210202585","display_name":"Agriculture","issn_l":"2077-0472","issn":["2077-0472"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Agriculture","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture16212427","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160983178","display_name":"Yuchen Sun","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I195019228","display_name":"Yunnan Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04dpa3g90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195019228"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuchen Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China","The Key Laboratory for Crop Production and Smart Agriculture of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195019228"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Key Laboratory for Crop Production and Smart Agriculture of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195019228"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038670314","display_name":"Guangchuan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4368-576X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4368-576X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I195019228","display_name":"Yunnan Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04dpa3g90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195019228"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guangchuan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China","The Key Laboratory for Crop Production and Smart Agriculture of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195019228"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Key Laboratory for Crop Production and Smart Agriculture of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195019228"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114223405","display_name":"Guoqi Shao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8964-7826","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8964-7826"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I195019228","display_name":"Yunnan Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04dpa3g90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195019228"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guoqi Shao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China","The Key Laboratory for Crop Production and Smart Agriculture of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195019228"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Key Laboratory for Crop Production and Smart Agriculture of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195019228"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160916159","display_name":"Hang Liu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I195019228","display_name":"Yunnan Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04dpa3g90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195019228"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Big Data, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China","The Key Laboratory for Crop Production and Smart Agriculture of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Big Data, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195019228"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Key Laboratory for Crop Production and Smart Agriculture of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195019228"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139997440","display_name":"Jihui Qiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9386-1079","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9386-1079"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I195019228","display_name":"Yunnan Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04dpa3g90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195019228"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jihui Qiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China","The Key Laboratory for Crop Production and Smart Agriculture of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195019228"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Key Laboratory for Crop Production and Smart Agriculture of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195019228"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100359021","display_name":"Tong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3257-213X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3257-213X","https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6873-9211"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I195019228","display_name":"Yunnan Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04dpa3g90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195019228"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Big Data, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China","The Key Laboratory for Crop Production and Smart Agriculture of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3257-213X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Big Data, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195019228"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Key Laboratory for Crop Production and Smart Agriculture of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195019228"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100359021"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195019228"],"apc_list":{"value":2600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3137},"apc_paid":{"value":2600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3137},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"21","first_page":"2427","last_page":"2427"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.0013000000035390258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12111","display_name":"Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/small-lesion-detection","display_name":"small lesion detection","score":0.7549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plant-disease-classification","display_name":"plant disease classification","score":0.5199999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-photographs","display_name":"field photographs","score":0.36800000071525574}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155512373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287450","display_name":"Residual","level":2,"score":0.7063000202178955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165838908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777","display_name":"Calibration","level":2,"score":0.661300003528595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.5655999779701233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81388566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q526668","display_name":"Sigmoid function","level":3,"score":0.5493000149726868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.47600001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.4724999964237213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.450300008058548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.4383000135421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45347329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5166604","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","level":3,"score":0.4259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.36559998989105225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.35679998993873596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150627866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1076893","display_name":"Field of view","level":2,"score":0.30079999566078186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.28780001401901245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.2784999907016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.2718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.2705000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.2671999931335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.2549000084400177}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/agriculture16212427","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture16212427","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture16212427","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210202585","display_name":"Agriculture","issn_l":"2077-0472","issn":["2077-0472"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Agriculture","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/agriculture16212427","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture16212427","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture16212427","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210202585","display_name":"Agriculture","issn_l":"2077-0472","issn":["2077-0472"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Agriculture","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.5666999816894531,"display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1861492603","https://openalex.org/W2111752301","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2473156356","https://openalex.org/W2565639579","https://openalex.org/W2625219738","https://openalex.org/W2752782242","https://openalex.org/W2789255992","https://openalex.org/W2790979755","https://openalex.org/W2795016359","https://openalex.org/W2796347433","https://openalex.org/W2884585870","https://openalex.org/W2962858109","https://openalex.org/W2963857746","https://openalex.org/W2997408160","https://openalex.org/W3018757597","https://openalex.org/W3030520226","https://openalex.org/W3034552520","https://openalex.org/W3034971973","https://openalex.org/W3111156583","https://openalex.org/W3130071898","https://openalex.org/W4320718530","https://openalex.org/W4385877112","https://openalex.org/W4386076325","https://openalex.org/W4396216689","https://openalex.org/W4402754006","https://openalex.org/W4403770406","https://openalex.org/W4407315889","https://openalex.org/W4415795831","https://openalex.org/W4417448532","https://openalex.org/W4417529129","https://openalex.org/W6910611565","https://openalex.org/W7162408507","https://openalex.org/W7167584878","https://openalex.org/W7171825123"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7166349289","https://openalex.org/W7203744100","https://openalex.org/W4417049853","https://openalex.org/W4415718862","https://openalex.org/W7210266646","https://openalex.org/W7146986837","https://openalex.org/W7222256427","https://openalex.org/W7159668701","https://openalex.org/W7162670408","https://openalex.org/W4413812561"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Tobacco":[0],"leaf":[1],"lesions":[2],"vary":[3],"in":[4],"size,":[5],"appearance,":[6],"and":[7,37,56,82,87,107,121,141,174],"spatial":[8],"distribution,":[9],"making":[10],"detection":[11],"difficult":[12],"under":[13,138,143],"field":[14,97],"conditions.":[15],"We":[16],"developed":[17],"HCC-RT-DETR":[18,99],"(Hierarchical":[19],"Channel":[20],"Calibration":[21,70],"for":[22,27,77,84],"RT-DETR),":[23],"an":[24],"RT-DETRv2-based":[25],"detector":[26],"four":[28,152],"infectious":[29],"disease":[30],"categories,":[31],"the":[32,63,67,78,85,91,113,135,164],"abiotic":[33],"disorder":[34],"Weather":[35],"Fleck,":[36],"a":[38,52,101,130],"Healthy":[39],"reference":[40],"class.":[41],"The":[42],"module":[43],"derives":[44],"channel":[45],"weights":[46],"from":[47],"globally":[48],"averaged":[49],"features":[50,65],"using":[51,168],"local":[53],"one-dimensional":[54],"convolution":[55],"sigmoid":[57],"activation.":[58],"Learnable":[59],"residual":[60],"terms":[61],"add":[62],"reweighted":[64],"to":[66,160,177],"original":[68],"representations.":[69],"strength":[71],"\u03b1":[72],"is":[73],"initialized":[74],"at":[75,163],"0.01":[76],"high-resolution":[79],"P3":[80,155],"feature":[81],"0.05":[83],"P4":[86],"P5":[88],"features.":[89],"On":[90],"held-out":[92],"test":[93],"split":[94],"of":[95,104,154],"780":[96],"images,":[98],"achieved":[100],"three-seed":[102],"mean":[103],"64.35%":[105],"mAP@0.5:0.95":[106],"28.50%":[108],"AP_small.":[109],"These":[110],"values":[111],"exceed":[112],"baseline":[114],"by":[115],"1.46":[116],"percentage":[117,123],"points":[118,124],"(2.3%":[119],"relative)":[120],"10.32":[122],"(56.8%":[125],"relative),":[126],"respectively.":[127],"HCC":[128],"incurred":[129],"modest":[131],"latency":[132],"increase":[133],"on":[134],"CPU:":[136],"1.64%":[137],"ORT":[139,144],"FP32":[140],"0.97%":[142],"FP16-converted":[145],"execution.":[146],"A":[147],"validation-based":[148],"sensitivity":[149],"analysis":[150],"examined":[151],"initializations":[153],"calibration.":[156],"Evaluation":[157],"was":[158],"limited":[159],"Yunyan":[161],"301":[162],"vigorous":[165],"growth":[166],"stage,":[167],"clear-weather":[169],"images":[170],"collected":[171],"between":[172],"10:00":[173],"14:00;":[175],"transfer":[176],"other":[178],"cultivars,":[179],"seasons,":[180],"or":[181],"weather":[182],"conditions":[183],"remains":[184],"untested.":[185]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2026-11-06T00:00:00"}
