{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225316174","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31875/2409-9848.2026.13.11","title":"Experimental Investigation of the Effects of Hydrous Methanol (5% Water) on the Performance and Emissions of a Spark-Ignition Engine","display_name":"Experimental Investigation of the Effects of Hydrous Methanol (5% Water) on the Performance and Emissions of a Spark-Ignition Engine","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225316174","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31875/2409-9848.2026.13.11"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.31875/2409-9848.2026.13.11","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31875/2409-9848.2026.13.11","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31875/2409-9848.2026.13.11","pdf_url":"https://zealpress.com/index.php/jmmet/article/download/828/662","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210217762","display_name":"Journal of Modern Mechanical Engineering and Technology","issn_l":"2409-9848","issn":["2409-9848"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Modern Mechanical Engineering and Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://zealpress.com/index.php/jmmet/article/download/828/662","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160736880","display_name":"Nidhi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155125381","display_name":"Galgotias University","ror":"https://ror.org/02w8ba206","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155125381"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nidhi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155125381"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5160736880"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155125381"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"112","last_page":"116"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10117","display_name":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1507","display_name":"Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10117","display_name":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1507","display_name":"Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10507","display_name":"Biodiesel Production and Applications","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2103","display_name":"Fuel Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13990","display_name":"Engine and Fuel Emissions","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/methanol-fuel","display_name":"methanol fuel","score":0.6890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spark-ignition-engine","display_name":"spark ignition engine","score":0.9470000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engine-performance","display_name":"engine performance","score":0.7179999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engine-emissions","display_name":"engine emissions","score":0.6710000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nox-emissions","display_name":"NOx emissions","score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-monoxide-emissions","display_name":"carbon monoxide emissions","score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brake-thermal-efficiency","display_name":"brake thermal efficiency","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/volumetric-efficiency","display_name":"volumetric efficiency","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-blending","display_name":"water blending","score":0.5260000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stoichiometric-operation","display_name":"stoichiometric operation","score":0.6439999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/torque-variation","display_name":"torque variation","score":0.621999979019165}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779607525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14982","display_name":"Methanol","level":2,"score":0.7748000025749207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203032635","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20962970","display_name":"NOx","level":3,"score":0.5412999987602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777703250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1651473","display_name":"Spark-ignition engine","level":3,"score":0.4921000003814697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50406533","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1452104","display_name":"Thermal efficiency","level":3,"score":0.4860999882221222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103697071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39558","display_name":"Gasoline","level":2,"score":0.44429999589920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204030448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101017","display_name":"Distillation","level":2,"score":0.4291999936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.4284999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159063594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q248382","display_name":"Ignition system","level":2,"score":0.4146000146865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.38600000739097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144171764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48103","display_name":"Torque","level":2,"score":0.3849000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113196181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485223","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry (journal)","level":2,"score":0.35040000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144082473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213185","display_name":"Stoichiometry","level":2,"score":0.3456999957561493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128143373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1789953","display_name":"Mean effective pressure","level":4,"score":0.3409999907016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56238396","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4056355","display_name":"Automotive engine","level":2,"score":0.3151000142097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.30660000443458557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780999251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17022503","display_name":"Brake","level":2,"score":0.2892000079154968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992271946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178895","display_name":"Equivalence ratio","level":4,"score":0.28859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108285982","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7115966","display_name":"Oxygenate","level":3,"score":0.2833000123500824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204530211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752823","display_name":"Thermal","level":2,"score":0.2824000120162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73081478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1814856","display_name":"Brake specific fuel consumption","level":3,"score":0.2667999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512735826","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2025","display_name":"Carbon monoxide","level":3,"score":0.2653000056743622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.2632000148296356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.2574000060558319}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.31875/2409-9848.2026.13.11","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31875/2409-9848.2026.13.11","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31875/2409-9848.2026.13.11","pdf_url":"https://zealpress.com/index.php/jmmet/article/download/828/662","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210217762","display_name":"Journal of Modern Mechanical Engineering and Technology","issn_l":"2409-9848","issn":["2409-9848"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Modern Mechanical Engineering and Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.31875/2409-9848.2026.13.11","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31875/2409-9848.2026.13.11","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31875/2409-9848.2026.13.11","pdf_url":"https://zealpress.com/index.php/jmmet/article/download/828/662","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210217762","display_name":"Journal of Modern Mechanical Engineering and Technology","issn_l":"2409-9848","issn":["2409-9848"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Modern Mechanical Engineering and Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9090999960899353,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"},{"score":0.5351999998092651,"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225316174.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225316174.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1184707288","https://openalex.org/W1973932632","https://openalex.org/W2060154623","https://openalex.org/W2090516763","https://openalex.org/W2522896461","https://openalex.org/W2556679998","https://openalex.org/W2898011573"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2900151383","https://openalex.org/W4389068508","https://openalex.org/W2320679708","https://openalex.org/W2043791579","https://openalex.org/W2090516763","https://openalex.org/W4282924444","https://openalex.org/W4398142680","https://openalex.org/W1976640549","https://openalex.org/W2189603580","https://openalex.org/W1992525049"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Distillation":[0],"is":[1,35],"an":[2,43],"inevitable":[3],"step":[4],"in":[5,42,70,145],"the":[6,24],"production":[7,28],"of":[8,27,29,39,59],"pure":[9],"methanol":[10,41,71,82,97],"to":[11,95,120,143,147],"remove":[12],"water":[13],"and":[14,62,85,89,108,127,131],"residual":[15],"gases":[16],"from":[17],"its":[18],"crude":[19],"state.":[20],"However,":[21],"it":[22],"increases":[23],"overall":[25],"cost":[26],"concentrated":[30],"methanol.":[31,117,137,152],"The":[32,75],"current":[33],"study":[34],"targeted":[36],"towards":[37],"usage":[38],"hydrous":[40,81,116,136,151],"automotive":[44],"spark":[45],"ignition":[46],"engine.":[47],"Engine":[48],"was":[49,68],"run":[50],"at":[51,87,105,112,129],"stoichiometric":[52],"equivalence":[53],"ratio":[54,149],"with":[55,80,115,135,150],"a":[56],"constant":[57],"speed":[58],"4000":[60],"rpm":[61],"variable":[63],"torque":[64,91,107,114,133],"(3-9":[65],"Nm).":[66],"Water":[67],"blended":[69],"by":[72,83,103,110,125],"5%":[73],"v/v.":[74],"volumetric":[76],"efficiency":[77,101],"increased":[78,102],"drastically":[79],"22.5%":[84],"14.7%":[86],"lower":[88,106,130],"higher":[90,132],"respectively":[92,134],"as":[93],"compared":[94],"base":[96],"(100%).":[98],"Brake":[99],"thermal":[100],"18%":[104],"decreased":[109,124,141],"21.6%":[111],"high":[113],"In":[118],"addition":[119],"this,":[121],"NOx":[122],"emission":[123,139],"83.7%":[126],"19.7%":[128],"CO":[138],"also":[140],"due":[142],"increase":[144],"air":[146],"fuel":[148]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2026-11-06T00:00:00"}