{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225315822","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings16111317","title":"Root Cementum Surface Conditioning: Physicochemical and Morphological Alterations\u2014An In Vitro Pilot Study","display_name":"Root Cementum Surface Conditioning: Physicochemical and Morphological Alterations\u2014An In Vitro Pilot Study","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225315822","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings16111317"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/coatings16111317","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings16111317","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings16111317","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210205742","display_name":"Coatings","issn_l":"2079-6412","issn":["2079-6412"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Coatings","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings16111317","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5098965903","display_name":"Katarzyna Janik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1596-071X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1596-071X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166182418","display_name":"Medical University of Silesia","ror":"https://ror.org/005k7hp45","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166182418"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Katarzyna Janik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Dental Propedeutics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poniatowskiego Street 15, 40-055 Katowice, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1596-071X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Dental Propedeutics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poniatowskiego Street 15, 40-055 Katowice, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166182418"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078992773","display_name":"Klaudiusz Go\u0142ombek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5188-1950","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5188-1950"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119004910","display_name":"Silesian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02dyjk442","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119004910"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Klaudiusz Go\u0142ombek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Materials Research Laboratory, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Konarskiego 18A, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5188-1950","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Materials Research Laboratory, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Konarskiego 18A, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119004910"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027047596","display_name":"A. Zi\u0119bowicz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9002-517X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9002-517X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119004910","display_name":"Silesian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02dyjk442","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119004910"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anna Zi\u0119bowicz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomaterials and Medical Devices Engineering, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Roosevelta 40 Street, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9002-517X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomaterials and Medical Devices Engineering, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Roosevelta 40 Street, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119004910"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056909423","display_name":"Anna Korytkowska\u2010Wa\u0142ach","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1282-1821","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1282-1821"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119004910","display_name":"Silesian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02dyjk442","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119004910"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anna Korytkowska-Wa\u0142ach","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119004910"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102805774","display_name":"Wojciech Niemczyk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0172-0571","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0172-0571"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166182418","display_name":"Medical University of Silesia","ror":"https://ror.org/005k7hp45","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166182418"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I385303915","display_name":"Wroclaw Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01qpw1b93","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I385303915"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wojciech Niemczyk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Dental Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Krakowska 26, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland","Department of Periodontal Diseases and Oral Mucosa Diseases, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, pl. Traugutta 2, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Dental Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Krakowska 26, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I385303915"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Periodontal Diseases and Oral Mucosa Diseases, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, pl. Traugutta 2, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166182418"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023434013","display_name":"Ma\u0142gorzata Skucha-Nowak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0584-968X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0584-968X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166182418","display_name":"Medical University of Silesia","ror":"https://ror.org/005k7hp45","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166182418"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ma\u0142gorzata Skucha-Nowak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Dental Propedeutics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poniatowskiego Street 15, 40-055 Katowice, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0584-968X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Dental Propedeutics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poniatowskiego Street 15, 40-055 Katowice, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166182418"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5098965903"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166182418"],"apc_list":{"value":2600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3137},"apc_paid":{"value":2600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3137},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"11","first_page":"1317","last_page":"1317"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10113","display_name":"Dental materials and restorations","score":0.9839000105857849,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3500","display_name":"General Dentistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10113","display_name":"Dental materials and restorations","score":0.9839000105857849,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3500","display_name":"General Dentistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11958","display_name":"Dental Erosion and Treatment","score":0.005400000140070915,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3500","display_name":"General Dentistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10536","display_name":"Endodontics and Root Canal Treatments","score":0.0034000000450760126,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3504","display_name":"Oral Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/root-cementum","display_name":"root cementum","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resin-infiltration","display_name":"resin infiltration","score":0.7400000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surface-conditioning","display_name":"surface conditioning","score":0.6930000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phosphoric-acid","display_name":"phosphoric acid","score":0.8519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demineralization","display_name":"demineralization","score":0.8029999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calcium-to-phosphorus-ratio","display_name":"Ca/P ratio","score":0.6980000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tissue-preservation","display_name":"tissue preservation","score":0.5450000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/impacted-third-molar","display_name":"impacted third molar","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/incisors","display_name":"incisors","score":0.8199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrochloric-acid","display_name":"hydrochloric acid","score":0.5709999799728394}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777894202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848382","display_name":"Cementum","level":3,"score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.7063999772071838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202271784","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189218","display_name":"Molar","level":2,"score":0.6097000241279602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776052348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q904488","display_name":"Demineralization","level":3,"score":0.5733000040054321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C519063684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q706","display_name":"Calcium","level":2,"score":0.5699999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908931166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848382","display_name":"Dental cementum","level":4,"score":0.51419997215271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26771246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321095","display_name":"Scanning electron microscope","level":2,"score":0.4975000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199343813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12128","display_name":"Dentistry","level":1,"score":0.4487000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156887251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2386424","display_name":"Enamel paint","level":2,"score":0.4291999936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88380143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q416674","display_name":"Dissolution","level":2,"score":0.37549999356269836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779032678","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159683","display_name":"Citric acid","level":2,"score":0.3154999911785126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22502612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2251961","display_name":"Brushite","level":3,"score":0.2930999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147080431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074953","display_name":"Microscopy","level":2,"score":0.2838999927043915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202751555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221681","display_name":"In vitro","level":2,"score":0.2833999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13965031","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q243545","display_name":"Nuclear chemistry","level":1,"score":0.26269999146461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777132085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46220103","display_name":"Phosphate","level":2,"score":0.25679999589920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12554922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7100","display_name":"Biophysics","level":1,"score":0.25270000100135803}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/coatings16111317","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings16111317","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings16111317","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210205742","display_name":"Coatings","issn_l":"2079-6412","issn":["2079-6412"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Coatings","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/coatings16111317","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings16111317","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings16111317","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210205742","display_name":"Coatings","issn_l":"2079-6412","issn":["2079-6412"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Coatings","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":74,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1564922329","https://openalex.org/W1969917856","https://openalex.org/W1982106123","https://openalex.org/W1999943236","https://openalex.org/W2000359630","https://openalex.org/W2021689907","https://openalex.org/W2032839431","https://openalex.org/W2045418245","https://openalex.org/W2057709243","https://openalex.org/W2062275948","https://openalex.org/W2068999781","https://openalex.org/W2069850175","https://openalex.org/W2092183878","https://openalex.org/W2093779802","https://openalex.org/W2104253330","https://openalex.org/W2129842667","https://openalex.org/W2129884716","https://openalex.org/W2135509168","https://openalex.org/W2343586309","https://openalex.org/W2494737845","https://openalex.org/W2507749653","https://openalex.org/W2523687761","https://openalex.org/W2577280479","https://openalex.org/W2759020981","https://openalex.org/W2808073398","https://openalex.org/W2945039144","https://openalex.org/W2967384822","https://openalex.org/W2972329229","https://openalex.org/W2985167952","https://openalex.org/W3087981274","https://openalex.org/W3098831889","https://openalex.org/W3106618715","https://openalex.org/W3164375620","https://openalex.org/W3168882455","https://openalex.org/W3201270717","https://openalex.org/W4200189092","https://openalex.org/W4213205802","https://openalex.org/W4234378771","https://openalex.org/W4280493924","https://openalex.org/W4280548219","https://openalex.org/W4281256857","https://openalex.org/W4296007226","https://openalex.org/W4323842555","https://openalex.org/W4361012844","https://openalex.org/W4377288256","https://openalex.org/W4379055232","https://openalex.org/W4382652556","https://openalex.org/W4382704665","https://openalex.org/W4382988952","https://openalex.org/W4385293995","https://openalex.org/W4388774014","https://openalex.org/W4388783324","https://openalex.org/W4390052993","https://openalex.org/W4390543593","https://openalex.org/W4390770817","https://openalex.org/W4390878348","https://openalex.org/W4391431925","https://openalex.org/W4399781499","https://openalex.org/W4399781633","https://openalex.org/W4401285271","https://openalex.org/W4401399697","https://openalex.org/W4401737841","https://openalex.org/W4402656319","https://openalex.org/W4403231672","https://openalex.org/W4403847909","https://openalex.org/W4404220643","https://openalex.org/W4404731363","https://openalex.org/W4406288348","https://openalex.org/W4406886891","https://openalex.org/W4410142743","https://openalex.org/W4413141253","https://openalex.org/W4413434417","https://openalex.org/W4413929316","https://openalex.org/W4416389438"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1995247123","https://openalex.org/W6455406","https://openalex.org/W2149858698","https://openalex.org/W1967460717","https://openalex.org/W2140521940","https://openalex.org/W4319758785","https://openalex.org/W7221731056","https://openalex.org/W1982106123","https://openalex.org/W2054759881","https://openalex.org/W4405208929"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Resin":[0],"infiltration":[1],"of":[2,32,172,188],"root":[3,36,161],"cementum":[4,20,37,56,162],"requires":[5],"optimal":[6],"surface":[7,154],"preparation;":[8],"however,":[9],"traditional":[10],"protocols":[11],"using":[12,68],"hydrochloric":[13],"acid":[14,84,159],"raise":[15],"some":[16],"concerns":[17],"about":[18],"potential":[19],"degradation.":[21],"In":[22],"this":[23,173],"in":[24,78,115,141],"vitro":[25],"study":[26],"the":[27,100,116,177,182],"physicochemical":[28],"and":[29,61,73,80,88,124,156,170],"morphological":[30,97],"impact":[31],"36%":[33],"H3PO4":[34],"on":[35,105,176],"compared":[38],"to":[39,44,181],"natural":[40,148],"demineralisation":[41,149],"was":[42],"evaluated":[43],"establish":[45],"a":[46,111,133],"candidate":[47],"tissue-preserving":[48],"conditioning":[49],"agent.":[50],"Twelve":[51],"extracted":[52],"teeth\u2014incisors":[53],"with":[54],"exposed":[55],"over":[57],"gum":[58],"recession":[59],"level":[60],"fully":[62],"impacted":[63,129],"third":[64,130],"molars":[65,131],"were":[66],"analysed":[67],"scanning":[69],"electron":[70],"microscopy":[71],"(SEM)":[72],"Energy":[74],"Dispersive":[75],"Spectrometry":[76],"(EDS)":[77],"etched":[79],"not-etched":[81],"specimens.":[82],"Orthophosphoric":[83],"significantly":[85],"reduced":[86],"calcium":[87,126],"phosphorus":[89],"content":[90],"across":[91],"all":[92],"specimens":[93],"while":[94],"maintaining":[95],"overall":[96],"integrity.":[98,167],"Notably,":[99],"elemental":[101],"response":[102,174],"varied":[103],"based":[104],"tooth":[106],"exposure":[107,180],"history.":[108],"Incisors":[109],"exhibited":[110],"statistically":[112],"significant":[113],"reduction":[114],"Ca/P":[117,135],"atomic":[118],"ratio,":[119,136],"indicating":[120],"complex":[121],"stoichiometric":[122],"shifts":[123],"preferential":[125],"loss.":[127],"Conversely,":[128],"maintained":[132],"stable":[134],"suggesting":[137],"proportional":[138],"mineral":[139],"dissolution":[140],"unexposed":[142],"cementum.":[143],"These":[144],"findings":[145],"indicate":[146],"that":[147,157],"is":[150],"insufficient":[151],"for":[152],"adequate":[153],"modification":[155],"orthophosphoric":[158],"demineralizes":[160],"without":[163],"compromising":[164],"its":[165],"structural":[166,186],"The":[168],"magnitude":[169],"pattern":[171],"depend":[175],"tissue\u2019s":[178],"prior":[179],"oral":[183],"environment;":[184],"thus,":[185],"heterogeneity":[187],"cementum,":[189],"though":[190],"tailored":[191],"protocols,":[192],"are":[193],"necessary.":[194]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2026-11-06T00:00:00"}