{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225310404","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/phycology6040119","title":"Effects of Dietary Euglena gracilis Powder on Growth and Physiological Responses in Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)","display_name":"Effects of Dietary Euglena gracilis Powder on Growth and Physiological Responses in Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225310404","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/phycology6040119"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/phycology6040119","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/phycology6040119","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/phycology6040119","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210194381","display_name":"Phycology","issn_l":"2673-9410","issn":["2673-9410"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Phycology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/phycology6040119","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102260852","display_name":"Xu Jia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6875-6434","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6875-6434"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I101479585","display_name":"South China Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/05v9jqt67","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I101479585"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xu Jia","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6875-6434","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I101479585"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124597617","display_name":"Yaowei He","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I101479585","display_name":"South China Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/05v9jqt67","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I101479585"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yaowei He","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I101479585"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160905494","display_name":"Meigui Tan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I101479585","display_name":"South China Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/05v9jqt67","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I101479585"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meigui Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I101479585"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079472831","display_name":"Shanren Lan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I101479585","display_name":"South China Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/05v9jqt67","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I101479585"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shanren Lan","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I101479585"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103004755","display_name":"Jiangxin Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9917-067X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9917-067X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210103685","display_name":"South China Sea Institute Of Oceanology","ror":"https://ror.org/0192yj155","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210103685"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391768091","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography","ror":"https://ror.org/02b5xr067","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210103685","https://openalex.org/I4391768091"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiangxin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China","State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9917-067X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210103685"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210103685","https://openalex.org/I4391768091"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072595218","display_name":"Aiguo Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7209-1234","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7209-1234"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I101479585","display_name":"South China Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/05v9jqt67","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I101479585"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aiguo Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I101479585"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030768933","display_name":"Huijuan Tang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I101479585","display_name":"South China Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/05v9jqt67","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I101479585"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Huijuan Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I101479585"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5030768933"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I101479585"],"apc_list":{"value":1000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1207},"apc_paid":{"value":1000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1207},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"4","first_page":"119","last_page":"119"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10450","display_name":"Aquaculture Nutrition and Growth","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1104","display_name":"Aquatic Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10450","display_name":"Aquaculture Nutrition and Growth","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1104","display_name":"Aquatic Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10506","display_name":"Aquaculture disease management and microbiota","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10152","display_name":"Animal Nutrition and Physiology","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/euglena-gracilis","display_name":"Euglena gracilis","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/common-carp","display_name":"Cyprinus carpio","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aquafeed","display_name":"aquaculture feed","score":0.859000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dietary-inclusion-level","display_name":"dietary inclusion level","score":0.6480000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fish-growth","display_name":"fish growth","score":0.7630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antioxidant-capacity","display_name":"antioxidant capacity","score":0.5979999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immune-response","display_name":"immune response","score":0.6639999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/keap1-nrf2-pathway","display_name":"Nrf2/Keap1 pathway","score":0.9300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cytokine-signaling","display_name":"cytokine signaling","score":0.746999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feed-conversion-ratio","display_name":"feed conversion ratio","score":0.7870000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/survival","display_name":"survival","score":0.4300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/functional-feed-ingredients","display_name":"functional feed ingredients","score":0.5950000286102295}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776963538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81110","display_name":"Common carp","level":4,"score":0.7376000285148621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31903555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637030","display_name":"Food science","level":1,"score":0.6674000024795532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.6546000242233276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778004101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133948","display_name":"Antioxidant","level":2,"score":0.5630000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780065859","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5441186","display_name":"Feed additive","level":3,"score":0.4880000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86909935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188989","display_name":"Aquaculture","level":3,"score":0.4779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22830521","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q649967","display_name":"Feed conversion ratio","level":3,"score":0.4577000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780472036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309852","display_name":"Euglena gracilis","level":4,"score":0.4302999973297119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.41429999470710754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780589914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10675206","display_name":"Ingredient","level":2,"score":0.4072999954223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780326611","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q134653","display_name":"Cyprinus","level":3,"score":0.3765000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.34599998593330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181199279","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047","display_name":"Enzyme","level":2,"score":0.32199999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509243982","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2836947","display_name":"Animal feed","level":2,"score":0.3075000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115540264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2945560","display_name":"Biomass (ecology)","level":2,"score":0.30079999566078186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778690821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212354","display_name":"Cytokine","level":2,"score":0.295199990272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150903083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7108","display_name":"Biotechnology","level":1,"score":0.2939999997615814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778891732","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751223","display_name":"Carp","level":3,"score":0.2791999876499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158278297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1756633","display_name":"Aquatic animal","level":3,"score":0.2775000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780132029","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752276","display_name":"Functional food","level":2,"score":0.27379998564720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987857752","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12147","display_name":"Human health","level":2,"score":0.2736000120639801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.2689000070095062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961737","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1516282","display_name":"Juvenile","level":2,"score":0.25440001487731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781257293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76098","display_name":"Grass carp","level":3,"score":0.2538999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141896089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209894","display_name":"Fish farming","level":4,"score":0.25119999051094055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168857316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5152559","display_name":"Commercial fish feed","level":4,"score":0.25119999051094055}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/phycology6040119","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/phycology6040119","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/phycology6040119","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210194381","display_name":"Phycology","issn_l":"2673-9410","issn":["2673-9410"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Phycology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/phycology6040119","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/phycology6040119","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/phycology6040119","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210194381","display_name":"Phycology","issn_l":"2673-9410","issn":["2673-9410"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Phycology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.8409000039100647}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1578967582","https://openalex.org/W1987025222","https://openalex.org/W1988053320","https://openalex.org/W2000658504","https://openalex.org/W2009462826","https://openalex.org/W2035323516","https://openalex.org/W2070446080","https://openalex.org/W2130133091","https://openalex.org/W2402809715","https://openalex.org/W2567318200","https://openalex.org/W2796280562","https://openalex.org/W2893569916","https://openalex.org/W2926136640","https://openalex.org/W2941223770","https://openalex.org/W2943736209","https://openalex.org/W3032898398","https://openalex.org/W3095138701","https://openalex.org/W3110137129","https://openalex.org/W3139026324","https://openalex.org/W3169001785","https://openalex.org/W4283266767","https://openalex.org/W4283368522","https://openalex.org/W4285591824","https://openalex.org/W4297002556","https://openalex.org/W4298088968","https://openalex.org/W4313898442","https://openalex.org/W4318066668","https://openalex.org/W4319322226","https://openalex.org/W4321095460","https://openalex.org/W4362585234","https://openalex.org/W4375866828","https://openalex.org/W4383532902","https://openalex.org/W4386142345","https://openalex.org/W4389766696","https://openalex.org/W4396666427","https://openalex.org/W4399728970","https://openalex.org/W4400863741","https://openalex.org/W4401174001","https://openalex.org/W4402696849","https://openalex.org/W4406336926","https://openalex.org/W4406424245","https://openalex.org/W4408137163","https://openalex.org/W4410615122","https://openalex.org/W4413259581","https://openalex.org/W7125432866","https://openalex.org/W7126456873","https://openalex.org/W7127642595","https://openalex.org/W7130530972"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2189264162","https://openalex.org/W161817015","https://openalex.org/W6888851590","https://openalex.org/W7225095909","https://openalex.org/W7130530972","https://openalex.org/W4392977137","https://openalex.org/W4400806899","https://openalex.org/W3041032865","https://openalex.org/W7134827512","https://openalex.org/W4402813393"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Growing":[0],"pressure":[1],"to":[2,31,135,233],"make":[3],"aquaculture":[4],"more":[5],"sustainable":[6],"has":[7],"renewed":[8],"attention":[9],"on":[10],"bioactive":[11],"feed":[12,90,153,224],"ingredients":[13],"obtained":[14],"from":[15],"natural":[16],"sources.":[17],"In":[18],"the":[19,49,110,136,157,190,217],"present":[20],"work,":[21],"juvenile":[22],"FFRC-strain":[23],"common":[24,174],"carp":[25],"(Cyprinus":[26],"carpio":[27],"L.)":[28],"were":[29,62,82,92],"used":[30],"examine":[32],"how":[33],"graded":[34],"dietary":[35],"inclusion":[36],"of":[37,112,120,192,219],"Euglena":[38,193],"gracilis":[39],"powder":[40],"(EP)":[41],"influences":[42],"growth,":[43],"redox":[44],"status,":[45],"immune":[46,114],"responsiveness":[47],"and":[48,55,69,81,89,101,109,117,125,148,163,179,212,223,226,230],"underlying":[50],"molecular":[51],"regulation.":[52],"Four":[53],"hundred":[54],"fifty":[56],"fish":[57],"(2.23":[58],"\u00b1":[59],"0.01":[60],"g)":[61],"distributed":[63],"at":[64,99,140],"random":[65],"among":[66],"five":[67],"isonitrogenous":[68],"isolipidic":[70],"diets":[71],"supplying":[72],"0":[73],"(control),":[74],"0.25,":[75],"0.5,":[76],"1":[77],"or":[78],"2%":[79],"EP,":[80,96],"reared":[83],"for":[84,201,237],"eight":[85],"weeks.":[86],"Survival,":[87],"growth":[88,178],"use":[91],"all":[93],"improved":[94],"by":[95,142,151],"most":[97],"evidently":[98],"0.25%":[100],"0.5%.":[102],"Within":[103],"this":[104],"window,":[105],"both":[106],"antioxidant":[107,123],"capacity":[108],"activity":[111],"nonspecific":[113],"enzymes":[115],"increased,":[116],"hepatic":[118],"transcription":[119],"genes":[121,133],"governing":[122],"defence":[124],"cytokine":[126],"signalling":[127],"was":[128,149,160],"correspondingly":[129],"altered,":[130],"notably":[131],"through":[132],"linked":[134],"Nrf2/Keap1":[137],"axis.":[138],"Inclusion":[139],"2%,":[141],"contrast,":[143],"conferred":[144],"no":[145],"further":[146],"advantage":[147],"accompanied":[150],"poorer":[152],"conversion,":[154],"so":[155],"that":[156],"overall":[158],"response":[159],"clearly":[161],"dose-dependent":[162],"non-linear.":[164],"Taken":[165],"together,":[166],"EP":[167],"acts":[168],"in":[169,173,210],"a":[170,196],"biphasic":[171],"manner":[172],"carp:":[175],"0.25\u20130.5%":[176],"improves":[177],"physiological":[180],"regulation,":[181],"whereas":[182],"higher":[183],"levels":[184],"are":[185],"counterproductive.":[186],"The":[187],"results":[188],"underline":[189],"promise":[191],"biomass":[194],"as":[195],"renewable,":[197],"algae-derived":[198],"functional":[199],"ingredient":[200],"aquafeed":[202],"formulation.":[203],"Future":[204],"work":[205],"should":[206],"validate":[207],"their":[208,235],"effects":[209],"larger-scale":[211],"longer-term":[213],"feeding":[214],"trials,":[215],"assess":[216],"consistency":[218],"raw":[220],"material":[221],"quality":[222],"processing,":[225],"evaluate":[227],"production":[228],"costs":[229],"economic":[231],"returns":[232],"determine":[234],"feasibility":[236],"commercial":[238],"application.":[239]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2026-11-06T00:00:00"}
