{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225260574","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrdes/2026/v9i1193","title":"Lichen Planus and Lichenoid Reactions Associated with IL-17 Inhibition: A Comprehensive Review of Clinical Phenotypes, Latency, Histopathology, Immunopathogenesis, and Clinical Outcomes","display_name":"Lichen Planus and Lichenoid Reactions Associated with IL-17 Inhibition: A Comprehensive Review of Clinical Phenotypes, Latency, Histopathology, Immunopathogenesis, and Clinical Outcomes","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225260574","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrdes/2026/v9i1193"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.9734/ajrdes/2026/v9i1193","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrdes/2026/v9i1193","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrdes/2026/v9i1193","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Asian Journal of Research in Dermatological Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrdes/2026/v9i1193","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070800233","display_name":"Saud Abdullah Alsharif","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9219-5221","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9219-5221","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2439-7594"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I240666556","display_name":"Imam Mohammad ibn Saud Islamic University","ror":"https://ror.org/05gxjyb39","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I240666556"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saud Abdullah Alsharif","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dermatology Attachment, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dermatology Attachment, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I240666556"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063580071","display_name":"Fahad Alrowais","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1335369389","display_name":"Riyadh Armed Forces Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00mtny680","country_code":"SA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1335369389"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fahad Alrowais","raw_affiliation_strings":["Prince Sultan Military Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Prince Sultan Military Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1335369389"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89264427,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"1","first_page":"430","last_page":"443"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11452","display_name":"Oral Health Pathology and Treatment","score":0.6845999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3506","display_name":"Periodontics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11452","display_name":"Oral Health Pathology and Treatment","score":0.6845999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3506","display_name":"Periodontics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10469","display_name":"Psoriasis: Treatment and Pathogenesis","score":0.07940000295639038,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11117","display_name":"Drug-Induced Adverse Reactions","score":0.056299999356269836,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8704000115394592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16005928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171171","display_name":"Dermatology","level":1,"score":0.8075000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6331999897956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776201145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848371","display_name":"Oral lichen planus","level":2,"score":0.46650001406669617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61511704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671857","display_name":"Incidence (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.4503999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64357122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1149766","display_name":"Causality (physics)","level":2,"score":0.414900004863739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779384505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17007513","display_name":"Concomitant","level":2,"score":0.365200012922287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544855455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070952","display_name":"Histopathology","level":2,"score":0.358599990606308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107130276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133805","display_name":"Epidemiology","level":2,"score":0.3312999904155731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020000205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2412849","display_name":"Narrative review","level":2,"score":0.32089999318122864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197934379","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2047938","display_name":"Adverse effect","level":2,"score":0.3052999973297119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206179267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188952","display_name":"Medical history","level":2,"score":0.30480000376701355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.2948000133037567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776029263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131742","display_name":"Hepatitis","level":2,"score":0.2777999937534332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993432071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45959","display_name":"Drug reaction","level":3,"score":0.27649998664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779974597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28448986","display_name":"Clinical Practice","level":2,"score":0.2685000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992897362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188952","display_name":"Clinical history","level":2,"score":0.26829999685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137627325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156318","display_name":"Etiology","level":2,"score":0.2648000121116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778715236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55622662","display_name":"Discontinuation","level":2,"score":0.26440000534057617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779231881","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5977147","display_name":"Medical literature","level":2,"score":0.26080000400543213}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.9734/ajrdes/2026/v9i1193","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrdes/2026/v9i1193","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrdes/2026/v9i1193","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Asian Journal of Research in Dermatological Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.9734/ajrdes/2026/v9i1193","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrdes/2026/v9i1193","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrdes/2026/v9i1193","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Asian Journal of Research in Dermatological Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"Lichen":[1],"planus":[2],"(LP)":[3],"is":[4],"a":[5,129],"T-cell-mediated":[6],"inflammatory":[7],"disorder":[8],"involving":[9],"the":[10,52,75,80],"skin,":[11],"mucosae,":[12],"nails":[13],"and":[14,21,30,60,89,91,105,149,155,170,190,202,212],"hair":[15],"follicles.":[16],"Published":[17],"observations":[18,166],"of":[19,47,62,176,193],"LP":[20],"lichenoid":[22,130],"reactions":[23,64],"during":[24,66],"interleukin-17":[25],"(IL-17)":[26],"inhibition":[27],"pose":[28],"diagnostic":[29],"causality":[31,211],"challenges,":[32],"particularly":[33],"because":[34],"IL-17":[35,67],"blockade":[36],"has":[37,112],"also":[38],"been":[39,113,159],"associated":[40],"with":[41,82,204],"clinical":[42,53,76,163],"improvement":[43],"in":[44,79],"some":[45],"forms":[46],"LP.":[48],"Aim:":[49],"To":[50],"review":[51,73],"phenotypes,":[54],"timing,":[55],"histopathological":[56],"features,":[57],"immunopathogenic":[58],"context":[59],"outcomes":[61],"LP-like":[63],"reported":[65,200],"inhibitor":[68],"treatment.":[69],"Methods:":[70],"This":[71],"narrative":[72],"examines":[74],"literature":[77],"discussed":[78],"manuscript,":[81],"particular":[83],"attention":[84],"to":[85,120,209],"secukinumab,":[86],"ixekizumab,":[87],"brodalumab":[88],"bimekizumab,":[90],"considers":[92],"alternative":[93,194],"explanations":[94],"for":[95],"suspected":[96],"treatment-associated":[97],"disease.":[98,110],"Results:":[99],"Reported":[100],"manifestations":[101],"include":[102,141],"cutaneous":[103],"eruptions":[104],"oral":[106],"or":[107,178],"other":[108],"mucosal":[109],"Onset":[111],"described":[114],"from":[115],"less":[116],"than":[117],"one":[118],"week":[119],"several":[121],"months":[122],"following":[123],"treatment":[124],"initiation.":[125],"Histopathology":[126],"can":[127],"support":[128],"diagnosis":[131],"but":[132],"cannot":[133],"independently":[134],"establish":[135],"drug":[136],"causality.":[137],"Relevant":[138],"competing":[139],"factors":[140],"pre-existing":[142],"LP,":[143],"concomitant":[144],"medicines,":[145],"hepatitis":[146],"C":[147],"infection":[148],"local":[150],"exposures.":[151],"Treatment":[152],"withdrawal,":[153],"continuation":[154],"symptomatic":[156],"therapy":[157],"have":[158],"followed":[160],"by":[161],"varied":[162],"courses.":[164],"Available":[165],"are":[167,196,207],"predominantly":[168],"case-based":[169],"do":[171],"not":[172],"provide":[173],"reliable":[174],"estimates":[175],"incidence":[177],"comparative":[179,213],"risk":[180],"between":[181],"inhibitors.":[182],"Conclusion:":[183],"Careful":[184],"clinicopathological":[185],"evaluation,":[186],"precise":[187],"chronological":[188],"documentation":[189],"individualised":[191],"assessment":[192],"causes":[195],"essential.":[197],"More":[198],"consistently":[199],"cases":[201],"studies":[203],"exposure":[205],"denominators":[206],"required":[208],"clarify":[210],"safety.":[214]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-05T12:25:35.769452","created_date":"2026-11-05T00:00:00"}