{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225259890","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24239/familia.v7i2.758","title":"THE COMMODIFICATION OF ISLAMIC MATCHMAKING: A SOCIO-LEGAL ANALYSIS OF SUBSCRIPTION FEATURES IN SHARIA DATING APPS","display_name":"THE COMMODIFICATION OF ISLAMIC MATCHMAKING: A SOCIO-LEGAL ANALYSIS OF SUBSCRIPTION FEATURES IN SHARIA DATING APPS","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225259890","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24239/familia.v7i2.758"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.24239/familia.v7i2.758","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24239/familia.v7i2.758","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.24239/familia.v7i2.758","pdf_url":"https://jurnalfamilia.org/index.php/familia/article/download/758/84","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207197","display_name":"Familia Jurnal Hukum Keluarga","issn_l":"2775-0418","issn":["2775-0418"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Familia: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://jurnalfamilia.org/index.php/familia/article/download/758/84","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160688184","display_name":"Kafrawi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405276512","display_name":"Universitas Islam Negeri Sultanah Nahrasiyah Lhokseumawe","ror":"https://ror.org/05ke28z36","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405276512"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kafrawi","raw_affiliation_strings":["UIN SUNA Lhokseumawe, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UIN SUNA Lhokseumawe, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405276512"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5143586492","display_name":"Furqon Khoiruddin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184834183","display_name":"Al-Azhar University","ror":"https://ror.org/05fnp1145","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184834183"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Furqon Khoiruddin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitas Al-Azhar As Syarif, Cairo, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitas Al-Azhar As Syarif, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184834183"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159053902","display_name":"Abdullah Alfaruq","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181085462","display_name":"Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University Yogyakarta","ror":"https://ror.org/00nmvbd84","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181085462"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdullah Alfaruq","raw_affiliation_strings":["UIN Sunan Kalijaga, Yogyakarta, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UIN Sunan Kalijaga, Yogyakarta, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181085462"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067676194","display_name":"Azzuhri Al Bajuri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2020-2362","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2020-2362"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Azzuhri Al Bajuri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut Agama Islam Lukman Edy, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut Agama Islam Lukman Edy, Indonesia","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125420144","display_name":"Habib Al Rahman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405256626","display_name":"Universitas Darunnajah","ror":"https://ror.org/04cawmd62","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405256626"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Habib Al Rahman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitas Darunnajah, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitas Darunnajah, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405256626"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96024734,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"2","first_page":"257","last_page":"276"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13277","display_name":"Media, Religion, Digital Communication","score":0.3865000009536743,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1212","display_name":"Religious studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13277","display_name":"Media, Religion, Digital Communication","score":0.3865000009536743,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1212","display_name":"Religious studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14348","display_name":"Marriage and Family Dynamics","score":0.2070000022649765,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14281","display_name":"Islamic Finance and Communication","score":0.163100004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/commodification","display_name":"commodification","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/islamic-family-law","display_name":"Islamic family law","score":0.8740000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kafa-ah","display_name":"kafa'ah","score":0.824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evil-eye","display_name":"evil eye","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wali-nasab","display_name":"wali nasab","score":0.8930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/platform-accountability","display_name":"platform accountability","score":0.5049999952316284}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57481673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1780322","display_name":"Commodification","level":2,"score":0.9462000131607056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168702047","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q482752","display_name":"Sharia","level":3,"score":0.8680999875068665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780602052","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q289845","display_name":"Monetization","level":2,"score":0.8518999814987183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4445939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432","display_name":"Islam","level":2,"score":0.6201000213623047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780233690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535347","display_name":"Transparency (behavior)","level":2,"score":0.4399000108242035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.41029998660087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.39879998564720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.39430001378059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17319257","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21189184","display_name":"Statute","level":2,"score":0.3912999927997589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.37880000472068787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776007630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2798912","display_name":"Accountability","level":2,"score":0.3749000132083893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779602731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30067981","display_name":"Misrepresentation","level":2,"score":0.3522000014781952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190248442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839486","display_name":"Qualitative research","level":2,"score":0.3431999981403351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153876917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899704","display_name":"Traceability","level":2,"score":0.3377000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780643141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q819049","display_name":"Pledge","level":2,"score":0.3336000144481659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780625559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5152592","display_name":"Commercialization","level":2,"score":0.3303000032901764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3224000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776680780","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15964604","display_name":"Guardian","level":2,"score":0.3084000051021576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779793952","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1553701","display_name":"Religiosity","level":2,"score":0.3068000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.30480000376701355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194943564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1129049","display_name":"Participant observation","level":2,"score":0.28999999165534973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85973986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1091731","display_name":"Exploratory research","level":2,"score":0.288100004196167}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.24239/familia.v7i2.758","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24239/familia.v7i2.758","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.24239/familia.v7i2.758","pdf_url":"https://jurnalfamilia.org/index.php/familia/article/download/758/84","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207197","display_name":"Familia Jurnal Hukum Keluarga","issn_l":"2775-0418","issn":["2775-0418"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Familia: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.24239/familia.v7i2.758","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24239/familia.v7i2.758","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.24239/familia.v7i2.758","pdf_url":"https://jurnalfamilia.org/index.php/familia/article/download/758/84","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207197","display_name":"Familia Jurnal Hukum Keluarga","issn_l":"2775-0418","issn":["2775-0418"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Familia: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.8046000003814697}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225259890.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225259890.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W3011079354","https://openalex.org/W3163886433","https://openalex.org/W4289463343","https://openalex.org/W4379471972","https://openalex.org/W4380839514","https://openalex.org/W4391080099","https://openalex.org/W4392135987","https://openalex.org/W4410907248","https://openalex.org/W7092679822","https://openalex.org/W7124443982","https://openalex.org/W7124685482","https://openalex.org/W7216379050","https://openalex.org/W7221074716"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7117303772","https://openalex.org/W7216996963","https://openalex.org/W4411402887","https://openalex.org/W7166802654","https://openalex.org/W7165549793","https://openalex.org/W7214688502","https://openalex.org/W7167059024","https://openalex.org/W7126079148","https://openalex.org/W7202327610","https://openalex.org/W7214177637"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,98,166],"commercialization":[1],"of":[2,13,46,65,71,103,120,148,176],"Islamic":[3,14,94,159,206],"matchmaking":[4,32,160,186],"through":[5,162],"digital":[6,137,164],"platforms":[7],"raises":[8],"concerns":[9,130],"about":[10,131],"the":[11,59,118,145,149],"commodification":[12,91],"family":[15,95,141,207],"law":[16,96,208],"principles.":[17,97,209],"This":[18],"study":[19,60,167],"aims":[20],"to":[21,204],"examine":[22],"how":[23],"sharia":[24,170],"dating":[25,171],"applications":[26,172],"incorporate":[27],"these":[28],"principles":[29,161],"into":[30],"their":[31,37],"mechanisms":[33,102],"and":[34,54,73,93,114,134,179,199],"assess":[35],"whether":[36],"subscription":[38],"features":[39,125,139],"constitute":[40],"legitimate":[41],"technological":[42],"adaptations":[43],"or":[44],"forms":[45],"legal":[47,146],"commodification.":[48],"Employing":[49],"a":[50,55,174],"qualitative":[51],"netnographic":[52],"method":[53],"critical":[56],"socio-legal":[57],"approach,":[58],"draws":[61],"on":[62],"six":[63],"months":[64],"online":[66],"participant":[67],"observation":[68],"(January\u2013June":[69],"2026)":[70],"Muzz":[72],"Hawaya,":[74],"complemented":[75],"by":[76],"in-depth":[77],"interviews":[78],"with":[79],"four":[80],"purposively":[81],"selected":[82],"informants.":[83],"Data":[84],"were":[85],"analyzed":[86],"thematically":[87],"using":[88],"Vincent":[89],"Mosco\u2019s":[90],"framework":[92],"findings":[99,153],"reveal":[100],"three":[101],"commodification:":[104],"(1)":[105],"premium":[106,197],"socioeconomic":[107],"filters":[108],"prioritize":[109],"financial":[110],"status":[111],"over":[112],"religious":[113,177],"moral":[115],"compatibility,":[116],"narrowing":[117],"meaning":[119],"kafaah;":[121],"(2)":[122],"paid":[123],"photo-unblurring":[124],"commercialize":[126],"na\u1e93ar":[127],"while":[128],"raising":[129],"visual":[132],"authenticity;":[133],"(3)":[135],"optional":[136],"chaperone":[138],"marginalize":[140],"supervision":[142],"without":[143],"replacing":[144],"authority":[147],"wali":[150],"nasab.":[151],"These":[152],"indicate":[154],"that":[155,169],"platform":[156,202],"monetization":[157],"reshapes":[158],"market-oriented":[163],"architectures.":[165],"concludes":[168],"represent":[173],"hybridization":[175],"values":[178],"commercial":[180],"interests,":[181],"rather":[182],"than":[183],"purely":[184],"neutral":[185],"alternatives.":[187],"It":[188],"recommends":[189],"strengthening":[190],"verifiable":[191],"guardian":[192],"involvement,":[193],"ensuring":[194],"transparency":[195],"in":[196],"services,":[198],"establishing":[200],"greater":[201],"accountability":[203],"safeguard":[205]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-06T12:05:46.655746","created_date":"2026-11-05T00:00:00"}
