{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225258828","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2611.04319","title":"Constraining Dust Properties Along the Minor Axis of Andromeda","display_name":"Constraining Dust Properties Along the Minor Axis of Andromeda","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225258828","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2611.04319"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2611.04319","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2611.04319","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2611.04319","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2611.04319","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046240906","display_name":"Sihan Jiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9151-1388","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9151-1388"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiao, Sihan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048157041","display_name":"Linjing Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4821-5502","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4821-5502"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Feng, Linjing","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062209257","display_name":"Henrik Beuther","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1700-090X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1700-090X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Beuther, Henrik","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160726057","display_name":"Hauyu Baobab Liu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liu, Hauyu Baobab","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160661506","display_name":"Yuxin Lin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lin, Yuxin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160619480","display_name":"Jingwen Wu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wu, Jingwen","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053324463","display_name":"Chao\u2010Wei Tsai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9390-9672","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9390-9672"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tsai, Chao-Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160583148","display_name":"Di Li","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li, Di","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037388966","display_name":"Kiyoaki Doi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1958-6673","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1958-6673"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Doi, Kiyoaki","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5158958489","display_name":"Jakob den Brok","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brok, Jakob den","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160612803","display_name":"Fengwei Xu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xu, Fengwei","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022076973","display_name":"S. Reyes-Reyes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0276-5368","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0276-5368"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Reyes-Reyes, Sim\u00f3n D.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001194799","display_name":"Carsten Kramer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kramer, Carsten","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012025049","display_name":"Ryan P. Keenan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1859-9640","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1859-9640"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Keenan, Ryan P.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160634310","display_name":"Xiangyu Zhang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhang, Xiangyu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136074079","display_name":"Fanyi Meng","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meng, Fanyi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160695665","display_name":"Zongnan Li","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li, Zongnan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109764060","display_name":"Fangyuan Deng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9223-2297","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9223-2297"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Deng, Fangyuan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160653788","display_name":"Yuxiang Liu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liu, Yuxiang","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10026","display_name":"Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena","score":0.5679000020027161,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10026","display_name":"Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena","score":0.5679000020027161,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10477","display_name":"Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies","score":0.41280001401901245,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10039","display_name":"Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies","score":0.004800000227987766,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/andromeda-galaxy","display_name":"M31","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dust-emissivity-index","display_name":"dust emissivity index","score":0.8190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dust-temperature","display_name":"dust temperature","score":0.7059999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/millimeter-dust-emission","display_name":"millimeter dust emission","score":0.6890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dust-rings","display_name":"dust rings","score":0.460999995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dust-composition","display_name":"dust composition","score":0.8069999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/galactic-chemical-evolution","display_name":"galactic chemical evolution","score":0.4480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dust-surface-density","display_name":"dust surface density","score":0.4180000126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/herschel","display_name":"Herschel","score":0.4569999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nika2","display_name":"NIKA2","score":0.7070000171661377}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163651212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899670","display_name":"Emissivity","level":2,"score":0.8485000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157909335","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900097","display_name":"Black-body radiation","level":3,"score":0.7013999819755554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.6751000285148621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.6625000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6260449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41364","display_name":"Wavelength","level":2,"score":0.6116999983787537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109792285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174789","display_name":"Millimeter","level":2,"score":0.5803999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42061751","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2280060","display_name":"Spectral index","level":3,"score":0.4968999922275543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74902906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1190858","display_name":"Radiative transfer","level":2,"score":0.33799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.2784999907016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153385146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18335","display_name":"Radiation","level":2,"score":0.26570001244544983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27896171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q890809","display_name":"Optical depth","level":3,"score":0.2612000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555520305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321","display_name":"Milky Way","level":3,"score":0.259799987077713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101991246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5422078","display_name":"Extinction (optical mineralogy)","level":2,"score":0.25220000743865967}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2611.04319","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2611.04319","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2611.04319","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2611.04319","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2611.04319","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2611.04319","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3208152297","https://openalex.org/W2967013784","https://openalex.org/W7017281190","https://openalex.org/W1992591333","https://openalex.org/W2795015858","https://openalex.org/W1991583547","https://openalex.org/W3041591306","https://openalex.org/W3104393028","https://openalex.org/W1503158003","https://openalex.org/W3117825079"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Previous":[0],"studies":[1],"of":[2,41,72,93,99,110,149,235],"dust":[3,19,192,229],"emission":[4],"in":[5,17,56,166,181,191,200,212,228,241],"M31":[6,57,94],"based":[7],"primarily":[8],"on":[9,75],"Herschel":[10,117],"data":[11,113,136],"have":[12],"reported":[13],"inconsistent":[14],"radial":[15],"trends":[16],"the":[18,30,39,46,60,64,70,76,90,108,130,139,167,173,182,220,233,237],"emissivity":[20,147,230],"index":[21,148],"($\u03b2$),":[22],"partly":[23],"due":[24],"to":[25,37,103,122,172,189],"limited":[26],"wavelength":[27,73,204],"coverage":[28,62,74,205],"and":[29,44,50,67,118,133,143,231],"intrinsic":[31],"$T_{\\rm":[32,77,140],"dust}$-$\u03b2$":[33,78,141],"degeneracy.":[34,79],"We":[35,80],"aim":[36],"improve":[38],"constraints":[40,211],"$\u03b2$":[42,164,179,210,216],"determinations":[43],"obtain":[45],"spatial":[47],"surface":[48],"density":[49],"temperature":[51],"distributions":[52],"at":[53,95,107],"GMC":[54],"scales":[55],"by":[58,68],"extending":[59],"spectral":[61],"into":[63],"millimeter":[65],"regime":[66],"quantifying":[69],"impact":[71],"present":[81],"new":[82],"IRAM":[83],"30m":[84],"NIKA2":[85],"1.15":[86,134],"mm":[87,135],"observations":[88],"along":[89],"minor":[91],"axis":[92],"an":[96,145],"angular":[97],"resolution":[98],"11":[100],"arcsec,":[101],"corresponding":[102],"$\\sim":[104],"40$":[105],"pc":[106],"distance":[109],"M31.":[111,213],"These":[112],"are":[114],"used":[115],"with":[116,196],"JCMT":[119],"SCUBA-2":[120],"maps":[121],"perform":[123],"pixel-by-pixel":[124],"single-component":[125],"modified":[126],"blackbody":[127],"fitting.":[128],"Including":[129],"850":[131],"$\u03bc$m":[132,222],"helps":[137],"reduce":[138],"degeneracy":[142],"yields":[144],"average":[146],"$\u03b2\\approx":[150],"1.8$,":[151],"systematically":[152],"lower":[153,215],"than":[154],"values":[155,165,180,217],"derived":[156],"from":[157,219],"far-infrared-only":[158],"analyses.":[159],"Radial":[160],"analysis":[161],"shows":[162],"higher":[163],"5":[168,184],"kpc":[169,175,185],"ring":[170],"compared":[171],"10":[174],"ring.":[176],"The":[177,214],"elevated":[178],"inner":[183],"may":[186],"be":[187],"linked":[188],"changes":[190],"composition,":[193],"potentially":[194],"associated":[195],"enhanced":[197],"starlight":[198],"heating":[199],"this":[201],"region.":[202],"Millimeter":[203],"is":[206],"important":[207],"for":[208],"improving":[209],"inferred":[218],"250--1150":[221],"SED":[223,239],"fitting":[224],"suggest":[225],"possible":[226],"variations":[227],"highlight":[232],"importance":[234],"sampling":[236],"long-wavelength":[238],"slope":[240],"nearby":[242],"galaxies.":[243]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-06T12:05:46.655746","created_date":"2026-11-05T00:00:00"}
