{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225257939","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.71976","title":"Measurement precision matters: Accounting for uncertainty alters estimated memory trajectories across the cognitive spectrum","display_name":"Measurement precision matters: Accounting for uncertainty alters estimated memory trajectories across the cognitive spectrum","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225257939","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.71976","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42982742","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13736550"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/alz.71976","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.71976","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.71976","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/alz.71976","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S108427512","display_name":"Alzheimer s & Dementia","issn_l":"1552-5260","issn":["1552-5260","1552-5279"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Alzheimer's & Dementia","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/alz.71976","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023928454","display_name":"Emily H. Trittschuh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0557-1542","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0557-1542"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094549","display_name":"VA Puget Sound Health Care System","ror":"https://ror.org/00ky3az31","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210094549","https://openalex.org/I4210138024"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emily H. Trittschuh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences University of Washington  Seattle Washington USA","VA Puget Sound Health Care System, GRECC  Seattle Washington USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences University of Washington  Seattle Washington USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"VA Puget Sound Health Care System, GRECC  Seattle Washington USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094549"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075862437","display_name":"Phoebe Scollard","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4094-938X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4094-938X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I15057530","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Bordeaux","ror":"https://ror.org/057qpr032","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15057530"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154526488","display_name":"Inserm","ror":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154526488"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106115","display_name":"Bordeaux Population Health","ror":"https://ror.org/00xzzba89","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15057530","https://openalex.org/I154526488","https://openalex.org/I4210106115"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Phoebe Scollard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bordeaux Population Health Research Center University of Bordeaux, Inserm  Bordeaux France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bordeaux Population Health Research Center University of Bordeaux, Inserm  Bordeaux France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15057530","https://openalex.org/I154526488","https://openalex.org/I4210106115"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050170858","display_name":"Paul K. Crane","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4278-7465","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4278-7465","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7327-3873"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul K. Crane","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine University of Washington  Seattle Washington USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine University of Washington  Seattle Washington USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103871872","display_name":"Seo\u2010Eun Choi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2163-688X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2163-688X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seo\u2010Eun Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine University of Washington  Seattle Washington USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine University of Washington  Seattle Washington USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091558550","display_name":"Jesse Mez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1438-5442","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1438-5442"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111088046","display_name":"Boston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jesse Mez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine  Boston Massachusetts USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine  Boston Massachusetts USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026257338","display_name":"Andrew J. Saykin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1376-8532","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1376-8532"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4388446366","display_name":"Indiana University Indianapolis","ror":"https://ror.org/03eftgw80","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4388446366","https://openalex.org/I592451"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4394709130","display_name":"Indiana University School of Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/02ets8c94","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4394709130","https://openalex.org/I592451"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew J. Saykin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences Indiana University School of Medicine  Indianapolis Indiana USA","Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Research Center and Center for Neuroimaging Indiana University School of Medicine  Indianapolis Indiana USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences Indiana University School of Medicine  Indianapolis Indiana USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4388446366","https://openalex.org/I4394709130"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Research Center and Center for Neuroimaging Indiana University School of Medicine  Indianapolis Indiana USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4394709130"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040026135","display_name":"Laura E. Gibbons","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5054-2543","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5054-2543"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laura E. Gibbons","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine University of Washington  Seattle Washington USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine University of Washington  Seattle Washington USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058279309","display_name":"Shubhabrata Mukherjee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2522-2884","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2522-2884"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shubhabrata Mukherjee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine University of Washington  Seattle Washington USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2522-2884","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine University of Washington  Seattle Washington USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5058279309"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"],"apc_list":{"value":4200,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4200},"apc_paid":{"value":4200,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4200},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85326877,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"11","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10009","display_name":"Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10009","display_name":"Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13077","display_name":"Cancer-related cognitive impairment studies","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14374","display_name":"Statistical Methods in Epidemiology","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measurement-precision","display_name":"measurement precision","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measurement-error","display_name":"measurement error","score":0.8159999847412109}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.534500002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19619285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q196372","display_name":"Observational error","level":2,"score":0.5313000082969666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107673813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812534","display_name":"Bayesian probability","level":2,"score":0.5299999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162376815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2158281","display_name":"Frequentist inference","level":4,"score":0.5264999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.47029998898506165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202799725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q272035","display_name":"Accuracy and precision","level":2,"score":0.4553999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.43070000410079956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19875794","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207340","display_name":"Item response theory","level":3,"score":0.39410001039505005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.38339999318122864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779483572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83030","display_name":"Dementia","level":3,"score":0.37049999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101112237","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4874481","display_name":"Bayesian statistics","level":4,"score":0.3677000105381012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986811735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4692577","display_name":"Cognitive aging","level":3,"score":0.3564999997615814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.35519999265670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020672099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857354","display_name":"Longitudinal data","level":2,"score":0.3231000006198883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.32089999318122864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21963081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11337567","display_name":"Working memory","level":3,"score":0.3098999857902527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160234255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812535","display_name":"Bayesian inference","level":3,"score":0.2847999930381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179226034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18599","display_name":"Short-term memory","level":4,"score":0.28439998626708984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.27649998664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.27410000562667847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6057870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5141248","display_name":"Cognitive test","level":3,"score":0.2653000056743622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22679943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159375","display_name":"Standard deviation","level":2,"score":0.2583000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137209882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1403517","display_name":"Measurement uncertainty","level":2,"score":0.25119999051094055}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000369","descriptor_name":"Aged, 80 and over","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000544","descriptor_name":"Alzheimer Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001499","descriptor_name":"Bayes Theorem","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003071","descriptor_name":"Cognition","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008137","descriptor_name":"Longitudinal Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008568","descriptor_name":"Memory","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008569","descriptor_name":"Memory Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009483","descriptor_name":"Neuropsychological Tests","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D035501","descriptor_name":"Uncertainty","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060825","descriptor_name":"Cognitive Dysfunction","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/alz.71976","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.71976","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.71976","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/alz.71976","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S108427512","display_name":"Alzheimer s & Dementia","issn_l":"1552-5260","issn":["1552-5260","1552-5279"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Alzheimer's & Dementia","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42982742","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42982742","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13736550","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13736550/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Alzheimers Dement","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/alz.71976","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.71976","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.71976","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/alz.71976","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S108427512","display_name":"Alzheimer s & Dementia","issn_l":"1552-5260","issn":["1552-5260","1552-5279"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Alzheimer's & Dementia","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.46810001134872437}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337337","display_name":"National Institute on Aging","ror":"https://ror.org/049v75w11"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225257939.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225257939.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1906409993","https://openalex.org/W1965616054","https://openalex.org/W2001199794","https://openalex.org/W2003608175","https://openalex.org/W2004444009","https://openalex.org/W2008301592","https://openalex.org/W2018421402","https://openalex.org/W2018512422","https://openalex.org/W2034041871","https://openalex.org/W2037021857","https://openalex.org/W2067975928","https://openalex.org/W2071868831","https://openalex.org/W2075402786","https://openalex.org/W2079248362","https://openalex.org/W2082246284","https://openalex.org/W2085289178","https://openalex.org/W2099131369","https://openalex.org/W2127324977","https://openalex.org/W2130983640","https://openalex.org/W2159122349","https://openalex.org/W2167840686","https://openalex.org/W2257069458","https://openalex.org/W2790653914","https://openalex.org/W2797508167","https://openalex.org/W2950232188","https://openalex.org/W3018219061","https://openalex.org/W3215387452","https://openalex.org/W4241635929","https://openalex.org/W4245044266","https://openalex.org/W4286111070","https://openalex.org/W4289774514","https://openalex.org/W4298091299","https://openalex.org/W4379374496","https://openalex.org/W4379391468","https://openalex.org/W4385284818","https://openalex.org/W4388319941","https://openalex.org/W4404567011"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7116903188","https://openalex.org/W130161654","https://openalex.org/W4379391468","https://openalex.org/W1976529784","https://openalex.org/W7118073569","https://openalex.org/W2040078293","https://openalex.org/W4379374496","https://openalex.org/W4404567011","https://openalex.org/W2104313843","https://openalex.org/W3082137560"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"INTRODUCTION:":[0],"Harmonized":[1],"cognitive":[2,10,142],"composites":[3],"are":[4],"widely":[5],"used":[6],"to":[7],"study":[8],"longitudinal":[9,34],"decline.":[11],"Although":[12],"harmonization":[13],"places":[14],"scores":[15,41,105,118],"on":[16,82],"a":[17,57,71,75],"common":[18],"latent":[19],"scale,":[20],"measurement":[21,65,91,138],"precision":[22,92,139],"varies":[23],"across":[24],"visits,":[25],"age,":[26],"and":[27,42,74,112,144],"diagnosis,":[28],"but":[29,116],"is":[30],"typically":[31],"ignored":[32],"in":[33,96,109,119],"models.":[35],"METHODS:":[36],"We":[37,55],"analyzed":[38],"harmonized":[39],"memory":[40,86,98,104,150],"time-varying":[43],"standard":[44],"errors":[45],"from":[46],"the":[47,132,145],"National":[48],"Alzheimer's":[49,120],"Coordinating":[50],"Center":[51],"Uniform":[52],"Data":[53],"Set.":[54],"compared":[56],"na\u00efve":[58,133],"mixed-effects":[59],"model":[60],"that":[61],"did":[62],"not":[63],"incorporate":[64],"uncertainty":[66],"with":[67],"two":[68],"precision-aware":[69],"models:":[70],"frequentist":[72],"precision-weighted":[73],"Bayesian":[76],"measurement-error":[77],"model.":[78,134],"Comparisons":[79],"were":[80],"based":[81],"estimated":[83,97,125,141],"age":[84],"of":[85,147],"impairment.":[87,151],"RESULTS:":[88],"Accounting":[89],"for":[90],"produced":[93],"age-dependent":[94],"differences":[95],"trajectories.":[99],"Na\u00efve":[100],"models":[101,124],"predicted":[102],"higher":[103],"at":[106],"older":[107],"ages":[108],"cognitively":[110],"normal":[111],"mildly":[113],"impaired":[114],"participants":[115],"lower":[117],"dementia":[121],"(AD).":[122],"Precision-aware":[123],"threshold":[126],"crossing":[127],"1.5-3":[128],"years":[129],"earlier":[130],"than":[131],"DISCUSSION:":[135],"Incorporating":[136],"visit-specific":[137],"alters":[140],"trajectories":[143],"timing":[146],"clinically":[148],"interpretable":[149]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2026-11-05T00:00:00"}