{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225254396","doi":"https://doi.org/10.69739/jmsbc.v3i2.2498","title":"Chronic Energy Drink Consumption and Subclinical Myocardial Injury Among Healthy Young Adults: Evidence From Cardiac Biomarkers","display_name":"Chronic Energy Drink Consumption and Subclinical Myocardial Injury Among Healthy Young Adults: Evidence From Cardiac Biomarkers","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225254396","doi":"https://doi.org/10.69739/jmsbc.v3i2.2498"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.69739/jmsbc.v3i2.2498","doi":"https://doi.org/10.69739/jmsbc.v3i2.2498","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.69739/jmsbc.v3i2.2498","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407049326","display_name":"Journal of Medical Science Biology and Chemistry","issn_l":"3079-2576","issn":["3079-2576"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Medical Science, Biology, and Chemistry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.69739/jmsbc.v3i2.2498","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160722620","display_name":"Marwan Azeez Hasan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marwan Azeez Hasan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ministry of Education, General Directorate of Education of Salah Al-Din, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministry of Education, General Directorate of Education of Salah Al-Din, Iraq","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5153745016","display_name":"Mohammed Ali Faris Ahmed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2081-4872","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2081-4872"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143651","display_name":"Northern Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/03ytenv10","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143651"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammed Ali Faris Ahmed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Polytechnic College Hawija, Northern Technical University, Hawija, 36007, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Polytechnic College Hawija, Northern Technical University, Hawija, 36007, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143651"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160725750","display_name":"Wissam M. R. Al-Joboury","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5016-8111","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5016-8111"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143651","display_name":"Northern Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/03ytenv10","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143651"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wissam M. R. Al-Joboury","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Oil and Gas Refining Techniques, Polytechnic College Hawija, Northern Technical University, Hawija, 36007, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5016-8111","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Oil and Gas Refining Techniques, Polytechnic College Hawija, Northern Technical University, Hawija, 36007, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143651"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85332796,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"2","first_page":"104","last_page":"110"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11264","display_name":"Coffee research and impacts","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11264","display_name":"Coffee research and impacts","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11922","display_name":"Cardiovascular Effects of Exercise","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10882","display_name":"Cardiomyopathy and Myosin Studies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8323000073432922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778063876","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192642","display_name":"Myoglobin","level":2,"score":0.8090999722480774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113280763","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2326546","display_name":"Subclinical infection","level":2,"score":0.7246000170707703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.6274999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781197716","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864574","display_name":"Biomarker","level":2,"score":0.614300012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36036425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7846262","display_name":"Troponin","level":3,"score":0.6126000285148621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164705383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379","display_name":"Cardiology","level":1,"score":0.599399983882904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144469398","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24785650","display_name":"Troponin T","level":3,"score":0.48069998621940613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115725540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7846263","display_name":"Troponin I","level":3,"score":0.37369999289512634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90924648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120569","display_name":"Gastroenterology","level":1,"score":0.326200008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188198153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1613840","display_name":"Limiting","level":2,"score":0.31850001215934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205545832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156455","display_name":"Young adult","level":2,"score":0.3147999942302704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65409693","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425265","display_name":"Statistical significance","level":2,"score":0.29269999265670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111566952","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303462","display_name":"Cardiac function curve","level":3,"score":0.2800999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89560881","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101026","display_name":"Platelet","level":2,"score":0.2736999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986587452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q938438","display_name":"Statistical analysis","level":2,"score":0.26820001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63363279","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5133848","display_name":"Clinical significance","level":2,"score":0.25850000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42407357","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q521","display_name":"Physiology","level":1,"score":0.25600001215934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.25029999017715454}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.69739/jmsbc.v3i2.2498","doi":"https://doi.org/10.69739/jmsbc.v3i2.2498","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.69739/jmsbc.v3i2.2498","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407049326","display_name":"Journal of Medical Science Biology and Chemistry","issn_l":"3079-2576","issn":["3079-2576"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Medical Science, Biology, and Chemistry","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.69739/jmsbc.v3i2.2498","doi":"https://doi.org/10.69739/jmsbc.v3i2.2498","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.69739/jmsbc.v3i2.2498","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407049326","display_name":"Journal of Medical Science Biology and Chemistry","issn_l":"3079-2576","issn":["3079-2576"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Medical Science, Biology, and Chemistry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Energy":[0],"drinks":[1],"(EDs)":[2],"are":[3],"popular":[4],"among":[5],"young":[6],"adults,":[7],"but":[8],"their":[9],"multi-organ":[10],"toxicity":[11],"is":[12],"still":[13],"a":[14,70,97],"concern.":[15],"In":[16,210],"this":[17,211],"study,":[18],"the":[19,114],"effect":[20],"of":[21,221],"chronic":[22,47,213],"ED":[23,117,189,214],"use":[24],"on":[25],"cardiac":[26,222],"biomarkers":[27,223],"(troponin":[28,181],"I,":[29,182],"myoglobin,":[30,184],"CK":[31,136],"MB)":[32],"and":[33,56,83,91,103,135,161,224],"complete":[34],"blood":[35],"count":[36],"(CBC)":[37],"parameters":[38,93],"was":[39,75,204,216],"investigated.":[40],"Thirty":[41],"healthy":[42,58],"males":[43,59],"(18\u201335":[44],"years)":[45],"with":[46,193,218],"EDs":[48,61,63],"(3":[49],"or":[50],"more":[51],"cans/day":[52],"for":[53,64,113],"\u22656":[54,65],"months)":[55,66],"10":[57],"without":[60],"(no":[62],"were":[67,85,94,111,170],"included":[68],"in":[69,172,178,226],"cross-sectional":[71,230],"study.":[72],"Troponin":[73],"I":[74,123],"measured":[76,86,95],"by":[77,87,96],"Mindray":[78,98],"CL900":[79],"chemiluminescence":[80],"analyzer,":[81],"myoglobin":[82,129,194],"CK-MB":[84],"Ichroma":[88],"immunofluorescence":[89],"assays,":[90],"CBC":[92,143,227],"BC30.":[99],"Independent":[100],"t":[101],"tests":[102,106],"Mann\u2013Whitney":[104],"U":[105],"(p<0.05,":[107],"Bonferroni-corrected":[108],"where":[109],"appropriate)":[110],"used":[112],"statistical":[115,208],"comparisons.":[116],"consumers":[118,174,180],"had":[119],"significantly":[120],"higher":[121,145,171],"troponin":[122],"(28.4\u00b18.2":[124],"vs.":[125,131,139,148,153,158,164],"12.3\u00b13.1":[126],"pg/mL,":[127],"p<0.001),":[128,134,150,155],"(68.5\u00b115.3":[130],"42.1\u00b19.8":[132],"ng/mL,":[133,141],"MB":[137],"(4.8\u00b11.2":[138],"2.9\u00b10.7":[140],"p<0.001).":[142],"revealed":[144],"WBC":[146],"(8.4\u00b11.6":[147],"6.2\u00b11.1\u00d710\u00b3/\u03bcL,":[149],"neutrophils":[151],"(5.4\u00b11.3":[152],"3.4\u00b10.9\u00d710\u00b3/\u03bcL,":[154],"NLR":[156],"(2.8\u00b10.9":[157],"1.9\u00b10.5,":[159],"p=0.003),":[160],"platelets":[162],"(285.6\u00b142.3":[163],"242.8\u00b135.1\u00d710\u00b3/\u03bcL,":[165],"p=0.004).":[166],"Cardiac":[167],"biomarker":[168],"concentrations":[169,220],"heavy":[173],"(>5":[175],"cans/day)":[176],"than":[177],"moderate":[179],"p<0.001;":[183],"p=0.003;":[185],"CK-MB,":[186],"p=0.015).":[187],"Daily":[188],"volume":[190],"correlated":[191],"positively":[192],"concentration":[195],"(Pearson":[196],"r":[197],"=":[198],"0.52,":[199],"p<0.01).":[200],"The":[201],"control":[202],"group":[203],"small":[205],"(n=10),":[206],"limiting":[207],"power.":[209],"sample,":[212],"consumption":[215],"associated":[217],"increased":[219],"changes":[225],"parameters.":[228],"These":[229],"findings":[231],"do":[232],"not":[233],"imply":[234],"causality.":[235]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-05T12:25:35.769452","created_date":"2026-11-05T00:00:00"}