{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225251706","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11547-026-02303-z","title":"Decoding tumor heterogeneity using MRI for predicting response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in hepatocellular carcinoma: a multicenter study","display_name":"Decoding tumor heterogeneity using MRI for predicting response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in hepatocellular carcinoma: a multicenter study","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225251706","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11547-026-02303-z","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42980728"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11547-026-02303-z","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11547-026-02303-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11547-026-02303-z","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S197311665","display_name":"La radiologia medica","issn_l":"0033-8362","issn":["0033-8362","1826-6983"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"La radiologia medica","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11547-026-02303-z","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160651243","display_name":"Xiaona Fu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129222","display_name":"Wuhan Union Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0371fqr87","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210129222"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaona Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China","Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022, China","Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Precision Radiology & Interventional Medicine, Wuhan, 430022, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129222","https://openalex.org/I47720641"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Precision Radiology & Interventional Medicine, Wuhan, 430022, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160622257","display_name":"Yusheng Guo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129222","display_name":"Wuhan Union Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0371fqr87","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210129222"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yusheng Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China","Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022, China","Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Precision Radiology & Interventional Medicine, Wuhan, 430022, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129222","https://openalex.org/I47720641"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Precision Radiology & Interventional Medicine, Wuhan, 430022, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113141929","display_name":"Bingxin Gong","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129222","display_name":"Wuhan Union Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0371fqr87","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210129222"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bingxin Gong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China","Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022, China","Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Precision Radiology & Interventional Medicine, Wuhan, 430022, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129222","https://openalex.org/I47720641"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Precision Radiology & Interventional Medicine, Wuhan, 430022, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160668577","display_name":"Xuejun Chen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I38877650","display_name":"Zhengzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ypx8c21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143608","display_name":"Henan Cancer Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/043ek5g31","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143608"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuejun Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I38877650","https://openalex.org/I4210143608"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100387224","display_name":"Ning Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3103-4636","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3103-4636"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I38877650","display_name":"Zhengzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ypx8c21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143608","display_name":"Henan Cancer Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/043ek5g31","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143608"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ning Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I38877650","https://openalex.org/I4210143608"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160684615","display_name":"Hongtao Hu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I38877650","display_name":"Zhengzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ypx8c21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143608","display_name":"Henan Cancer Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/043ek5g31","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143608"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongtao Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I38877650","https://openalex.org/I4210143608"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046498176","display_name":"Shichao Long","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159865","display_name":"Xiangya Hospital Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/05c1yfj14","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210159865"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shichao Long","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479","https://openalex.org/I4210159865"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160644808","display_name":"Xiaofang Guo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160841","display_name":"Hubei Cancer Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05p38yh32","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210160841"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaofang Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430079, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430079, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160841","https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068962412","display_name":"Li Shanmei","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160841","display_name":"Hubei Cancer Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05p38yh32","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210160841"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shanmei Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430079, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430079, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160841","https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031470156","display_name":"\u5434\u7ee7\u519b","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129222","display_name":"Wuhan Union Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0371fqr87","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210129222"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jijun Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China","Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022, China","Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Precision Radiology & Interventional Medicine, Wuhan, 430022, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129222","https://openalex.org/I47720641"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Precision Radiology & Interventional Medicine, Wuhan, 430022, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160570972","display_name":"Jie Lou","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129222","display_name":"Wuhan Union Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0371fqr87","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210129222"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Lou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China","Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022, China","Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Precision Radiology & Interventional Medicine, Wuhan, 430022, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129222","https://openalex.org/I47720641"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Precision Radiology & Interventional Medicine, Wuhan, 430022, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160660828","display_name":"Shanshan Jiang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129222","display_name":"Wuhan Union Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0371fqr87","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210129222"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shanshan Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China","Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022, China","Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Precision Radiology & Interventional Medicine, Wuhan, 430022, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129222","https://openalex.org/I47720641"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Precision Radiology & Interventional Medicine, Wuhan, 430022, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160716756","display_name":"Guilin Zhang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129222","display_name":"Wuhan Union Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0371fqr87","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210129222"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guilin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China","Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022, China","Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Precision Radiology & Interventional Medicine, Wuhan, 430022, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129222","https://openalex.org/I47720641"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Precision Radiology & Interventional Medicine, Wuhan, 430022, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5143790750","display_name":"Yi Li","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129222","display_name":"Wuhan Union Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0371fqr87","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210129222"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China","Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022, China","Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Precision Radiology & Interventional Medicine, Wuhan, 430022, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129222","https://openalex.org/I47720641"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Precision Radiology & Interventional Medicine, Wuhan, 430022, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160584909","display_name":"Weiwei Liu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129222","display_name":"Wuhan Union Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0371fqr87","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210129222"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weiwei Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China","Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022, China","Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Precision Radiology & Interventional Medicine, Wuhan, 430022, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129222","https://openalex.org/I47720641"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Precision Radiology & Interventional Medicine, Wuhan, 430022, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122491615","display_name":"Yixing Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1121-4253","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1121-4253"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129222","display_name":"Wuhan Union Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0371fqr87","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210129222"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yixing Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China","Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022, China","Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Precision Radiology & Interventional Medicine, Wuhan, 430022, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129222","https://openalex.org/I47720641"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Precision Radiology & Interventional Medicine, Wuhan, 430022, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160681096","display_name":"Peng Sun","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134419","display_name":"Neusoft (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/02zc84r97","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134419"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405285890","display_name":"Neusoft Medical Systems Co., Ltd. (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00m20x942","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405285890"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peng Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Research and Clinical Innovations, Neusoft Medical Systems Co., Ltd., Shenyang, 110167, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Research and Clinical Innovations, Neusoft Medical Systems Co., Ltd., Shenyang, 110167, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134419","https://openalex.org/I4405285890"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160622758","display_name":"Rundong Wang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rundong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China. wrd@mail.ustc.edu.cn"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China. wrd@mail.ustc.edu.cn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050307151","display_name":"\u5b54\u7965\u95ef","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129222","display_name":"Wuhan Union Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0371fqr87","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210129222"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiangchuang Kong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China. hongke80@hust.edu.cn","Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022, China. hongke80@hust.edu.cn","Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Precision Radiology & Interventional Medicine, Wuhan, 430022, China. hongke80@hust.edu.cn"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China. hongke80@hust.edu.cn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129222","https://openalex.org/I47720641"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022, China. hongke80@hust.edu.cn","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Precision Radiology & Interventional Medicine, Wuhan, 430022, China. hongke80@hust.edu.cn","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101614210","display_name":"Lian Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4664-2474","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4664-2474"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129222","display_name":"Wuhan Union Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0371fqr87","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210129222"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lian Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China. yanglian@hust.edu.cn","Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022, China. yanglian@hust.edu.cn","Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Precision Radiology & Interventional Medicine, Wuhan, 430022, China. yanglian@hust.edu.cn"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4664-2474","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China. yanglian@hust.edu.cn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129222","https://openalex.org/I47720641"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022, China. yanglian@hust.edu.cn","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Precision Radiology & Interventional Medicine, Wuhan, 430022, China. yanglian@hust.edu.cn","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":10,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5050307151","https://openalex.org/A5101614210","https://openalex.org/A5160622758"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I4210129222","https://openalex.org/I47720641"],"apc_list":{"value":4190,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4190},"apc_paid":{"value":4190,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4190},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83579751,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12422","display_name":"Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging","score":0.9731000065803528,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12422","display_name":"Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging","score":0.9731000065803528,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11885","display_name":"MRI in cancer diagnosis","score":0.014800000004470348,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10073","display_name":"Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment and Prognosis","score":0.006899999920278788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2721","display_name":"Hepatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hepatocellular-carcinoma","display_name":"hepatocellular carcinoma","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tumor-heterogeneity","display_name":"tumor heterogeneity","score":0.8629999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immune-checkpoint-inhibitors","display_name":"immune checkpoint inhibitors","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-response-prediction","display_name":"treatment response prediction","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/habitat-models","display_name":"habitat models","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiomics","display_name":"radiomics","score":0.8299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peritumoral-features","display_name":"peritumoral features","score":0.7210000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prognostic-stratification","display_name":"prognostic stratification","score":0.746999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fatty-acid-metabolism","display_name":"fatty acid metabolism","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immune-activity","display_name":"immunological activity","score":0.6710000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/survival-prediction","display_name":"survival prediction","score":0.3479999899864197}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6446999907493591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143998085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162555","display_name":"Oncology","level":1,"score":0.611299991607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.5547000169754028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778019345","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148337","display_name":"Hepatocellular carcinoma","level":2,"score":0.5306000113487244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781067378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17027399","display_name":"Interpretability","level":2,"score":0.5203999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993277928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7248370","display_name":"Prognostic model","level":3,"score":0.4740000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185933670","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52105","display_name":"Habitat","level":2,"score":0.4325000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778695046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q421136","display_name":"Sorafenib","level":3,"score":0.3714999854564667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019894029","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q332823","display_name":"Overall survival","level":2,"score":0.3617999851703644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535046627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612","display_name":"Clinical trial","level":2,"score":0.3603000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10515644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q543310","display_name":"Survival analysis","level":2,"score":0.3555999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.3513999879360199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780851360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21686041","display_name":"Immune checkpoint","level":4,"score":0.34860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95190672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815382","display_name":"Meta-analysis","level":2,"score":0.33649998903274536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58471807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327120","display_name":"Receiver operating characteristic","level":2,"score":0.32109999656677246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207886595","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1456138","display_name":"Pathological","level":2,"score":0.30410000681877136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164465091","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7248371","display_name":"Prognostic variable","level":3,"score":0.2946000099182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776107976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1786433","display_name":"Tumor microenvironment","level":3,"score":0.28200000524520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76318530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16833590","display_name":"Area under the curve","level":2,"score":0.272599995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777546739","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33525","display_name":"Carcinoma","level":2,"score":0.26989999413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502942594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3421914","display_name":"Cancer research","level":1,"score":0.2680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777701055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1427096","display_name":"Immunotherapy","level":3,"score":0.25450000166893005}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11547-026-02303-z","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11547-026-02303-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11547-026-02303-z","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S197311665","display_name":"La radiologia medica","issn_l":"0033-8362","issn":["0033-8362","1826-6983"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"La radiologia medica","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42980728","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42980728","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"La Radiologia medica","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11547-026-02303-z","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11547-026-02303-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11547-026-02303-z","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S197311665","display_name":"La radiologia medica","issn_l":"0033-8362","issn":["0033-8362","1826-6983"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"La radiologia medica","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9763000011444092,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2767128594","https://openalex.org/W2805592007","https://openalex.org/W2959497269","https://openalex.org/W3000125713","https://openalex.org/W3014974815","https://openalex.org/W3015646919","https://openalex.org/W3029939303","https://openalex.org/W3094602125","https://openalex.org/W3205076722","https://openalex.org/W4283325186","https://openalex.org/W4386000392","https://openalex.org/W4387667094","https://openalex.org/W4389394546","https://openalex.org/W4391052776","https://openalex.org/W4392883923","https://openalex.org/W4393192653","https://openalex.org/W4393935425","https://openalex.org/W4394951663","https://openalex.org/W4399836103","https://openalex.org/W4400598839","https://openalex.org/W4404051618","https://openalex.org/W4404769565","https://openalex.org/W4406073131","https://openalex.org/W4407137409","https://openalex.org/W4410026734","https://openalex.org/W4412028736","https://openalex.org/W4412621197","https://openalex.org/W4414081600"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7203750719","https://openalex.org/W4411902336","https://openalex.org/W7125970927","https://openalex.org/W4414976452","https://openalex.org/W4391823909","https://openalex.org/W4409151335","https://openalex.org/W7160533241","https://openalex.org/W7164986588","https://openalex.org/W4389487470","https://openalex.org/W4412594015"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"PURPOSE:":[0],"Tumor":[1],"heterogeneity":[2],"hinders":[3],"accurate":[4],"prediction":[5,86,230],"of":[6,126,150,171],"response":[7,40,71],"to":[8,38,41,68,80],"immune":[9,207],"checkpoint":[10],"inhibitors":[11],"(ICIs)":[12],"in":[13,44,73,104,131,234],"hepatocellular":[14],"carcinoma":[15],"(HCC).":[16],"We":[17,59],"developed":[18,60],"a":[19],"habitat":[20,114,173,180,200,224],"model":[21,89,115,143,225],"using":[22,93],"routine":[23],"in-phase":[24],"(IP)":[25],"and":[26,35,56,65,101,108,129,135,153,174,186,213,221,231],"opposed-phase":[27],"(OP)":[28],"MRI":[29],"sequences,":[30],"which":[31],"provide":[32],"complementary":[33],"structure-":[34],"lipid-related":[36],"information,":[37],"predict":[39,69],"ICI":[42,239],"therapy":[43],"HCC.":[45],"METHODS:":[46],"This":[47],"study":[48],"included":[49],"883":[50],"HCC":[51,237],"patients":[52,235],"from":[53],"six":[54],"institutions":[55],"public":[57,106],"databases.":[58],"habitat,":[61],"radiomics,":[62],"peritumoral,":[63],"clinical,":[64],"combined":[66,142,175],"models":[67],"partial":[70],"(PR)":[72],"five":[74],"institutions.":[75],"Kaplan-Meier":[76],"analysis":[77],"was":[78,91,203],"performed":[79],"evaluate":[81],"survival":[82,188],"differences":[83],"based":[84],"on":[85],"scores.":[87],"Habitat":[88],"interpretability":[90],"assessed":[92],"Shapley":[94],"additive":[95],"explanations":[96],"(SHAP)":[97],"along":[98],"with":[99,124,148,178,205,236],"multi-omics":[100],"pathological":[102],"analyses":[103,165,195],"the":[105,121,132,172,198],"databases":[107],"one":[109],"external":[110,137],"institution.":[111],"RESULTS:":[112],"The":[113,141,219],"showed":[116,145,158,196,226],"numerically":[117],"higher":[118,179,199],"AUCs":[119,125,149],"among":[120],"independent":[122],"models,":[123],"0.923,":[127],"0.918,":[128],"0.897":[130],"training":[133],"set":[134],"two":[136],"validation":[138],"sets,":[139],"respectively.":[140,155],"also":[144],"favorable":[146],"performance":[147],"0.959,":[151],"0.965,":[152],"0.955,":[154],"Calibration":[156],"curves":[157],"generally":[159],"close":[160],"agreement,":[161],"while":[162],"decision":[163],"curve":[164],"suggested":[166],"potential":[167,227],"clinical":[168],"net":[169],"benefit":[170],"models.":[176],"Patients":[177],"scores":[181],"had":[182],"significantly":[183],"longer":[184],"progression\u2011free":[185],"overall":[187],"(all":[189],"P":[190],"<":[191],"0.05).":[192],"Exploratory":[193],"biological":[194],"that":[197],"score":[201],"group":[202],"associated":[204],"enhanced":[206],"activity,":[208],"downregulated":[209],"fatty":[210],"acid-related":[211],"pathways,":[212],"shorter":[214],"tumor-inflammatory":[215],"spatial":[216],"distances.":[217],"CONCLUSION:":[218],"IP":[220],"OP":[222],"MRI-based":[223],"for":[228],"treatment-response":[229],"prognostic":[232],"stratification":[233],"receiving":[238],"therapy.":[240]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-06T12:05:46.655746","created_date":"2026-11-05T00:00:00"}