{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225251450","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9734/air/2026/v27i61765","title":"Backyard Poultry Farming among Selected Households in Namakkal District, Tamil Nadu: Socioeconomic Characteristics, Production Constraints and Farm-level Economics","display_name":"Backyard Poultry Farming among Selected Households in Namakkal District, Tamil Nadu: Socioeconomic Characteristics, Production Constraints and Farm-level Economics","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225251450","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9734/air/2026/v27i61765"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.9734/air/2026/v27i61765","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9734/air/2026/v27i61765","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.9734/air/2026/v27i61765","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210235277","display_name":"Advances in Research","issn_l":"2348-0394","issn":["2348-0394"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320855","host_organization_name":"Sciencedomain International","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320855"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Sciencedomain International"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advances in Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.9734/air/2026/v27i61765","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5095940388","display_name":"S. Paulpandi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Paulpandi","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Poultry Production Management (CPPM), Hosur, Tamil Nadu, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Poultry Production Management (CPPM), Hosur, Tamil Nadu, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5144380177","display_name":"K. Velmurugan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Velmurugan","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Food and Dairy Technology (CFDT) in Koduvalli, Thiruvallur, Tamil Nadu, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Food and Dairy Technology (CFDT) in Koduvalli, Thiruvallur, Tamil Nadu, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080914794","display_name":"V. Kannan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"V. Kannan","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Poultry Production Management (CPPM), Hosur, Tamil Nadu, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Poultry Production Management (CPPM), Hosur, Tamil Nadu, India","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85389202,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"6","first_page":"187","last_page":"193"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13294","display_name":"Livestock and Poultry Management","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13294","display_name":"Livestock and Poultry Management","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14499","display_name":"Livestock Farming and Management","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13478","display_name":"Agricultural Development and Management","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1100","display_name":"General Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backyard-poultry-farming","display_name":"backyard poultry farming","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/production-constraints","display_name":"production constraints","score":0.9319999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/farm-economics","display_name":"farm economics","score":0.7229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/net-profit-margin","display_name":"net profit margin","score":0.703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/production-costs","display_name":"production costs","score":0.5910000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/egg-sales","display_name":"egg sales","score":0.7689999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/predator-loss","display_name":"predator loss","score":0.878000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/namakkal-district","display_name":"Namakkal district","score":0.7910000085830688}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140688305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5885","display_name":"Tamil","level":2,"score":0.6891000270843506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37621935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3606845","display_name":"Agricultural science","level":1,"score":0.6417999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.6223999857902527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66914385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q861182","display_name":"Poultry farming","level":2,"score":0.5751000046730042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48824518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q396340","display_name":"Agricultural economics","level":1,"score":0.5156000256538391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.5156000256538391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45355965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1643441","display_name":"Socioeconomics","level":1,"score":0.49790000915527344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147077947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1515895","display_name":"Socioeconomic status","level":3,"score":0.47440001368522644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.44369998574256897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15430695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11157999","display_name":"Gross margin","level":3,"score":0.4146000146865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3447999954223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3301999866962433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138262166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q570938","display_name":"Net income","level":2,"score":0.3246000111103058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39896193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380344","display_name":"Descriptive statistics","level":2,"score":0.3077999949455261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780892066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1591167","display_name":"Household income","level":2,"score":0.30239999294281006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780117336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5435555","display_name":"Farm income","level":3,"score":0.29499998688697815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994599422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80962","display_name":"Animal production","level":2,"score":0.29179999232292175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198477413","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7647069","display_name":"Survey data collection","level":2,"score":0.2757999897003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776100139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6998454","display_name":"Net farm income","level":4,"score":0.27549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2702000141143799}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.9734/air/2026/v27i61765","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9734/air/2026/v27i61765","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.9734/air/2026/v27i61765","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210235277","display_name":"Advances in Research","issn_l":"2348-0394","issn":["2348-0394"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320855","host_organization_name":"Sciencedomain International","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320855"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Sciencedomain International"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advances in Research","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.9734/air/2026/v27i61765","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9734/air/2026/v27i61765","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.9734/air/2026/v27i61765","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210235277","display_name":"Advances in Research","issn_l":"2348-0394","issn":["2348-0394"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320855","host_organization_name":"Sciencedomain International","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320855"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Sciencedomain International"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advances in Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.958299994468689},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1","display_name":"No poverty","score":0.8928999900817871},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.7825999855995178}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7204200135","https://openalex.org/W2015637663","https://openalex.org/W3156033336","https://openalex.org/W2976433404","https://openalex.org/W4395001367","https://openalex.org/W4405199786","https://openalex.org/W7220914192","https://openalex.org/W6968321224","https://openalex.org/W3016444221","https://openalex.org/W2948581524"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"descriptive":[1],"survey":[2,19],"examines":[3],"backyard":[4,52],"poultry":[5,53],"activities":[6],"among":[7],"selected":[8],"households":[9],"in":[10,189],"three":[11,107],"villages":[12],"of":[13,63,72,81,93,144],"Namakkal":[14],"district,":[15],"Tamil":[16],"Nadu.":[17],"The":[18,84,169],"dataset":[20],"comprised":[21],"120":[22],"households,":[23],"with":[24],"40":[25],"each":[26,48],"from":[27,113,123],"Sambamed,":[28],"Kalkurchi":[29],"and":[30,34,42,61,65,75,100,125,130,138,147,161,174],"Naraikinar.":[31],"Household":[32],"characteristics":[33],"perceived":[35],"production":[36,133],"constraints":[37,88,173],"were":[38,55,89,127,135],"summarized":[39],"as":[40,157],"counts":[41],"percentages.":[43],"Three":[44],"first-year":[45],"account":[46],"schedules,":[47],"describing":[49],"a":[50,158,184,187],"50-bird":[51],"unit,":[54],"evaluated":[56],"separately":[57],"using":[58],"recorded":[59],"costs":[60,134],"quantities":[62],"eggs":[64,124,165],"birds":[66,126],"sold.":[67],"Women":[68],"constituted":[69],"64.17%":[70],"(77/120)":[71],"the":[73,78,106,118,153],"respondents,":[74],"agriculture":[76],"was":[77],"principal":[79],"occupation":[80],"60.83%":[82],"(73/120).":[83],"most":[85],"frequently":[86],"reported":[87],"inadequate":[90],"year-round":[91],"availability":[92],"improved":[94],"chicks":[95],"(92.50%),":[96],"predator-related":[97],"losses":[98],"(89.17%)":[99],"limited":[101],"technical":[102],"knowledge":[103],"(79.17%).":[104],"In":[105],"illustrative":[108],"units,":[109],"egg":[110],"sales":[111,121,178],"ranged":[112],"960":[114],"to":[115],"1,600":[116],"eggs;":[117],"corresponding":[119],"gross":[120],"receipts":[122],"\u20b919,800,":[128],"\u20b918,327":[129],"\u20b923,500.":[131],"Recorded":[132],"\u20b910,071.35,":[136],"\u20b911,570":[137],"\u20b911,280,":[139],"giving":[140],"sales-based":[141],"net":[142],"margins":[143],"\u20b99,728.65,":[145],"\u20b96,757":[146],"\u20b912,220,":[148],"respectively.":[149],"These":[150],"accounts":[151],"exclude":[152],"initial":[154],"housing":[155],"outlay":[156],"direct":[159],"expense":[160],"do":[162,181],"not":[163,182],"value":[164],"consumed":[166],"at":[167],"home.":[168],"findings":[170],"identify":[171],"practical":[172],"potentially":[175],"positive":[176],"unit-level":[177],"margins,":[179],"but":[180],"establish":[183],"population-average":[185],"profit,":[186],"change":[188],"household":[190],"income":[191],"or":[192],"nutritional":[193],"adequacy.":[194]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-06T12:05:46.655746","created_date":"2026-11-05T00:00:00"}
