{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225247864","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/tourhosp7110370","title":"Accommodation-Based Tourism Demand and Rural Labour-Market Dynamics in Kazakhstan: Evidence from a Regional Panel","display_name":"Accommodation-Based Tourism Demand and Rural Labour-Market Dynamics in Kazakhstan: Evidence from a Regional Panel","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225247864","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/tourhosp7110370"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/tourhosp7110370","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/tourhosp7110370","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/tourhosp7110370","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210223062","display_name":"Tourism and Hospitality","issn_l":"2673-5768","issn":["2673-5768"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Tourism and Hospitality","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/tourhosp7110370","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071561389","display_name":"Gulzhan ABDRAMANOVA","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5268-8706","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5268-8706"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10232997","display_name":"L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University","ror":"https://ror.org/0242cby63","country_code":"KZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10232997"]}],"countries":["KZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gulzhan Abdramanova","raw_affiliation_strings":["Higher School of Economics and Tourism, L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 010008, Kazakhstan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5268-8706","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Higher School of Economics and Tourism, L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 010008, Kazakhstan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10232997"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160715751","display_name":"Bakyt Syzdykbayeva","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10232997","display_name":"L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University","ror":"https://ror.org/0242cby63","country_code":"KZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10232997"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118717","display_name":"Kazakh Academy of Sport and Tourism","ror":"https://ror.org/02avqnk51","country_code":"KZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210118717"]}],"countries":["KZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bakyt Syzdykbayeva","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Tourism and Service, Kazakh Academy of Sport and Tourism, Almaty 050022, Kazakhstan","Higher School of Economics and Tourism, L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 010008, Kazakhstan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Tourism and Service, Kazakh Academy of Sport and Tourism, Almaty 050022, Kazakhstan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118717"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Higher School of Economics and Tourism, L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 010008, Kazakhstan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10232997"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041591147","display_name":"Zhanar Abdirayevna Dulatbekova","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0763-0155","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0763-0155"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10232997","display_name":"L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University","ror":"https://ror.org/0242cby63","country_code":"KZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10232997"]}],"countries":["KZ"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhanar Dulatbekova","raw_affiliation_strings":["Higher School of Economics and Tourism, L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 010008, Kazakhstan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0763-0155","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Higher School of Economics and Tourism, L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 010008, Kazakhstan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10232997"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5041591147"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10232997"],"apc_list":{"value":1200,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1448},"apc_paid":{"value":1200,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1448},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90194638,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"11","first_page":"370","last_page":"370"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10055","display_name":"Diverse Aspects of Tourism Research","score":0.9434000253677368,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1409","display_name":"Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10055","display_name":"Diverse Aspects of Tourism Research","score":0.9434000253677368,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1409","display_name":"Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14051","display_name":"Regional Economic Trends and Sectoral Structure","score":0.014600000344216824,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12098","display_name":"Rural development and sustainability","score":0.009600000455975533,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tourism-demand","display_name":"tourism demand","score":0.8240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accommodation","display_name":"accommodation","score":0.4790000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rural-labor-markets","display_name":"rural labor markets","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rural-employment","display_name":"rural employment","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rural-unemployment","display_name":"rural unemployment","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kazakhstan","display_name":"Kazakhstan","score":0.6079999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regional-economic-linkages","display_name":"regional economic linkages","score":0.5059999823570251}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778126366","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41171","display_name":"Unemployment","level":2,"score":0.6014000177383423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.5799000263214111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18918823","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49389","display_name":"Tourism","level":2,"score":0.5552999973297119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.5285000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48947383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830719","display_name":"Visitor pattern","level":2,"score":0.5209000110626221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4249254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431","display_name":"Demographic economics","level":1,"score":0.505299985408783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129047720","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175185","display_name":"Rural area","level":2,"score":0.4675000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.45579999685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6422946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857354","display_name":"Panel data","level":2,"score":0.45159998536109924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66809384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7574072","display_name":"Spatial mismatch","level":2,"score":0.444599986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134121241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899301","display_name":"Yield (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.4431000053882599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157660682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q419793","display_name":"Accommodation","level":2,"score":0.4417000114917755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96250715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330","display_name":"Estimation","level":2,"score":0.41519999504089355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.41499999165534973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779451145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367125","display_name":"Rural tourism","level":4,"score":0.38989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204983608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2111958","display_name":"Productivity","level":2,"score":0.3725000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162144332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1665305","display_name":"Instrumental variable","level":2,"score":0.3531000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152877465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208042","display_name":"Regression analysis","level":2,"score":0.3294999897480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191988596","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628374","display_name":"Null hypothesis","level":2,"score":0.32089999318122864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26271046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187097","display_name":"Economic geography","level":1,"score":0.3070000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.295199990272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910321205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Geographically Weighted Regression","level":2,"score":0.29350000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020318244","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4812187","display_name":"Large sample","level":2,"score":0.29339998960494995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988676352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3773637","display_name":"Rural development","level":3,"score":0.29109999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994082534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175185","display_name":"Rural population","level":3,"score":0.2874000072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.2838999927043915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24851441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4113687","display_name":"Seemingly unrelated regressions","level":2,"score":0.2831999957561493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159620131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Spatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.2770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68443243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2786686","display_name":"Quartile","level":3,"score":0.2703999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202353208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1167393","display_name":"Economic indicator","level":2,"score":0.2590999901294708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61980418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2221906","display_name":"Location","level":2,"score":0.25870001316070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97144632","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7574062","display_name":"Spatial econometrics","level":2,"score":0.25870001316070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85973986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1091731","display_name":"Exploratory research","level":2,"score":0.25859999656677246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145912823","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q113558","display_name":"Dynamics (music)","level":2,"score":0.2574999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31462909","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1045782","display_name":"Scatter plot","level":2,"score":0.25450000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106306483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183984","display_name":"Futures contract","level":2,"score":0.2524000108242035}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/tourhosp7110370","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/tourhosp7110370","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/tourhosp7110370","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210223062","display_name":"Tourism and Hospitality","issn_l":"2673-5768","issn":["2673-5768"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Tourism and Hospitality","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/tourhosp7110370","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/tourhosp7110370","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/tourhosp7110370","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210223062","display_name":"Tourism and Hospitality","issn_l":"2673-5768","issn":["2673-5768"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Tourism and Hospitality","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":1.0},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.5676000118255615}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W94208768","https://openalex.org/W1941067871","https://openalex.org/W1995068923","https://openalex.org/W2024354040","https://openalex.org/W2051406345","https://openalex.org/W2051487267","https://openalex.org/W2118836230","https://openalex.org/W2138329902","https://openalex.org/W2419240115","https://openalex.org/W2792696457","https://openalex.org/W3004794992","https://openalex.org/W3047641129","https://openalex.org/W3109868558","https://openalex.org/W3122178585","https://openalex.org/W3132809076","https://openalex.org/W3135500119","https://openalex.org/W3166636729","https://openalex.org/W4214852345","https://openalex.org/W4226087361","https://openalex.org/W4296690271","https://openalex.org/W4362456356","https://openalex.org/W4388209384","https://openalex.org/W4391530030","https://openalex.org/W4393903218","https://openalex.org/W4396577438","https://openalex.org/W4398221881"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7131093695","https://openalex.org/W7223380664","https://openalex.org/W7116774984","https://openalex.org/W4404484912","https://openalex.org/W4409393188","https://openalex.org/W7115190666","https://openalex.org/W7154704359","https://openalex.org/W7165543894","https://openalex.org/W7222930701","https://openalex.org/W7214390721"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Tourism-related":[0],"opportunities":[1,182],"may":[2],"be":[3],"unevenly":[4],"distributed":[5],"within":[6],"regions":[7,37],"where":[8],"visitor":[9],"activity":[10],"and":[11,25,51,65,94,105,145,148,193],"economic":[12,64],"linkages":[13],"are":[14,140,156],"spatially":[15],"concentrated.":[16],"This":[17],"study":[18],"examines":[19],"associations":[20,114,126],"between":[21],"regionwide":[22],"accommodation-visitor":[23,82],"growth":[24],"rural":[26,69,73,128,136,166,184],"labour-market":[27,163],"changes":[28],"in":[29,132],"Kazakhstan.":[30],"Using":[31],"a":[32,76],"harmonised":[33],"panel":[34],"of":[35],"14":[36],"over":[38],"2003\u20132025,":[39],"we":[40],"estimate":[41],"first-difference":[42],"regressions":[43],"with":[44,62,81,127],"year":[45],"fixed":[46],"effects,":[47],"region-clustered":[48],"standard":[49],"errors,":[50],"wild-cluster":[52],"bootstrap":[53],"inference.":[54],"The":[55,186],"principal":[56],"sample":[57,143],"contains":[58],"293":[59],"observations":[60],"(290":[61],"regional":[63],"agricultural":[66],"controls).":[67],"Neither":[68],"employment":[70,129,176],"intensity":[71,130],"nor":[72,178],"unemployment":[74],"shows":[75],"statistically":[77,111,123],"significant":[78,112,124],"contemporaneous":[79,113],"association":[80],"growth.":[83],"Distributed-lag":[84],"models":[85],"fail":[86],"to":[87,142,183],"reject":[88],"joint":[89],"null":[90],"hypotheses":[91],"for":[92],"current":[93],"lagged":[95],"tourism-demand":[96],"coefficients":[97],"at":[98,115],"the":[99,116,171],"5%":[100,117],"level.":[101,118],"Targeted":[102],"temporal,":[103],"territorial,":[104],"control-based":[106],"checks":[107],"likewise":[108],"yield":[109],"no":[110],"However,":[119],"exploratory":[120],"specifications":[121],"reveal":[122],"negative":[125],"and,":[131],"restricted":[133],"annual":[134],"samples,":[135],"unemployment.":[137],"These":[138],"findings":[139,187],"sensitive":[141],"selection":[144],"measurement":[146],"horizon":[147],"do":[149],"not":[150],"establish":[151],"causal":[152],"effects.":[153],"Accommodation":[154],"visitors":[155],"measured":[157],"regionwide,":[158],"including":[159],"urban":[160],"destinations,":[161],"while":[162],"indicators":[164],"cover":[165],"residents":[167],"across":[168],"sectors.":[169],"Consequently,":[170],"estimates":[172],"identify":[173],"neither":[174],"tourism-specific":[175],"effects":[177],"mechanisms":[179],"transmitting":[180],"tourism-related":[181],"communities.":[185],"highlight":[188],"spatial":[189],"scale,":[190],"indicator":[191],"coverage,":[192],"statistical":[194],"uncertainty.":[195]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-06T12:05:46.655746","created_date":"2026-11-05T00:00:00"}