{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225229572","doi":"https://doi.org/10.56201/jbae.vol.12.no10.2026.pg1.12","title":"Institutional Environment and the Dynamics of Capital Inflows in Selected Ecowas Countries","display_name":"Institutional Environment and the Dynamics of Capital Inflows in Selected Ecowas Countries","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225229572","doi":"https://doi.org/10.56201/jbae.vol.12.no10.2026.pg1.12"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.56201/jbae.vol.12.no10.2026.pg1.12","doi":"https://doi.org/10.56201/jbae.vol.12.no10.2026.pg1.12","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.56201/jbae.vol.12.no10.2026.pg1.12","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4394736087","display_name":"JOURNAL OF BUSINESS AND AFRICAN ECONOMY","issn_l":"2545-5281","issn":["2545-5281","2695-2238"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JOURNAL OF BUSINESS AND AFRICAN ECONOMY","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160578129","display_name":"Edobot Ekere","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96576516","display_name":"Rivers State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kr7aq59","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96576516"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Edobot Ekere","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Social Sciences, Rivers State University,   Nkpolu-Oroworukwo, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Social Sciences, Rivers State University,   Nkpolu-Oroworukwo, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96576516"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5160578129"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96576516"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91122503,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"1"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10349","display_name":"Migration and Labor Dynamics","score":0.45210000872612,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10349","display_name":"Migration and Labor Dynamics","score":0.45210000872612,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10503","display_name":"Global Financial Crisis and Policies","score":0.21359999477863312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11042","display_name":"Corruption and Economic Development","score":0.05000000074505806,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capital-inflows","display_name":"capital inflows","score":0.8659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remittances","display_name":"remittances","score":0.9160000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/institutional-context","display_name":"institutional environment","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/government-effectiveness","display_name":"government effectiveness","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regulatory-quality","display_name":"regulatory quality","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rule-of-law","display_name":"rule of law","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-of-corruption","display_name":"corruption control","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-stability","display_name":"political stability","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecowas","display_name":"ECOWAS","score":0.8700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/institutional-quality","display_name":"institutional quality","score":0.382999986410141}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6422946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857354","display_name":"Panel data","level":2,"score":0.7487000226974487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780962165","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1351807","display_name":"Remittance","level":2,"score":0.6973999738693237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195561663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1307899","display_name":"Unit root","level":2,"score":0.6420000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.5329999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145162277","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1751675","display_name":"Cointegration","level":2,"score":0.5091999769210815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83646750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193893","display_name":"Capital (architecture)","level":2,"score":0.49630001187324524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4846999943256378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780027415","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q524648","display_name":"Language change","level":2,"score":0.4772000014781952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144341231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7887151","display_name":"Unit root test","level":3,"score":0.45089998841285706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556758197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q580018","display_name":"Monetary economics","level":1,"score":0.447299987077713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44970651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17014030","display_name":"Fixed effects model","level":3,"score":0.43209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992441151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17106442","display_name":"Political stability","level":3,"score":0.3833000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33842695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q490513","display_name":"Foreign direct investment","level":2,"score":0.375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27548731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88272","display_name":"Investment (military)","level":3,"score":0.36419999599456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60675406","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2049349","display_name":"Panel analysis","level":3,"score":0.353300005197525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.353300005197525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.35019999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122637931","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118084","display_name":"Unit (ring theory)","level":2,"score":0.3467999994754791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.3411000072956085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186008389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7625010","display_name":"Structural break","level":2,"score":0.3393000066280365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134024062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1401229","display_name":"Error correction model","level":3,"score":0.32019999623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18547055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47417","display_name":"International economics","level":1,"score":0.31119999289512634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.3075000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96250715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330","display_name":"Estimation","level":2,"score":0.30570000410079956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4249254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431","display_name":"Demographic economics","level":1,"score":0.3019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83864248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177323","display_name":"Developing country","level":2,"score":0.2969000041484833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152877465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208042","display_name":"Regression analysis","level":2,"score":0.28999999165534973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.2849000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153240184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3243772","display_name":"Control variable","level":2,"score":0.2797999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39389867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380767","display_name":"Corporate governance","level":2,"score":0.2741999924182892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777388388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6821213","display_name":"Wage","level":2,"score":0.26429998874664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47768531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1127188","display_name":"Development economics","level":1,"score":0.25929999351501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204983608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2111958","display_name":"Productivity","level":2,"score":0.25780001282691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780110086","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161837","display_name":"Public service","level":2,"score":0.2556999921798706}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.56201/jbae.vol.12.no10.2026.pg1.12","doi":"https://doi.org/10.56201/jbae.vol.12.no10.2026.pg1.12","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.56201/jbae.vol.12.no10.2026.pg1.12","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4394736087","display_name":"JOURNAL OF BUSINESS AND AFRICAN ECONOMY","issn_l":"2545-5281","issn":["2545-5281","2695-2238"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JOURNAL OF BUSINESS AND AFRICAN ECONOMY","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.9200000166893005},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.46970000863075256}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7225273524","https://openalex.org/W7225275679","https://openalex.org/W2561792777","https://openalex.org/W7225253581","https://openalex.org/W2999909425","https://openalex.org/W4400064129","https://openalex.org/W2955702288","https://openalex.org/W4229070593","https://openalex.org/W2346841192","https://openalex.org/W2271056344"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1,185],"examines":[2],"how":[3],"institutional":[4,125,208],"environment":[5,126],"affects":[6],"capital":[7],"inflows":[8,134,176],"to":[9,22,195,214,218],"the":[10,24,42,52,88,103,117,149,157,178,182,190],"selected":[11],"ECOWAS":[12,191],"countries":[13],"between":[14],"2002":[15],"and":[16,37,54,66,80,164,210],"2024.":[17],"The":[18,91,105,119,135,152],"specific":[19],"objectives":[20],"are":[21],"determine":[23],"effects":[25],"of":[26,32,35,44,113,159],"government":[27],"effectiveness,":[28],"regulatory":[29,140],"quality,":[30],"rule":[31],"law,":[33],"control":[34,158],"corruption,":[36],"political":[38,171],"stability":[39,172],"on":[40,132,167],"REM,":[41],"nature":[43],"this":[45,184],"study,":[46],"panel":[47,63,73,106,120],"datasets":[48],"were":[49,85],"obtained":[50],"from":[51],"World":[53],"IMF":[55],"Financial":[56],"Statistics.":[57],"Descriptive":[58],"statistics,":[59],"cross-sectional":[60,92,100],"dependence":[61,93,101],"test,":[62],"unit":[64,107],"root":[65,108],"cointegration":[67],"tests,":[68],"as":[69,71],"well":[70],"heterogenous":[72],"model":[74],"estimation,":[75],"comprising":[76],"mean":[77,82],"group":[78,83],"(MG)":[79],"pooled":[81],"(PMG)":[84],"used":[86],"for":[87],"data":[89],"analysis.":[90],"test":[94,109],"indicates":[95],"that":[96,124,139,156,187],"there":[97],"is":[98],"no":[99],"across":[102],"panels.":[104],"results":[110,136,153],"showed":[111,138,155],"evidence":[112],"mixed":[114],"integration":[115],"in":[116,148,177,189],"series.":[118],"regression":[121],"estimates":[122],"indicate":[123],"has":[127,142],"a":[128,143,162],"significant":[129,144,165],"positive":[130,163],"effect":[131,166],"remittance":[133,146,168],"also":[137],"quality":[141],"negative":[145],"inflow":[147],"long":[150,179],"run.":[151,180],"further":[154],"corruption":[160],"had":[161],"inflows,":[169],"while":[170],"negatively":[173],"affected":[174],"remittances":[175,220],"Given":[181],"findings,":[183],"recommends":[186],"ggovernments":[188],"region":[192],"should":[193],"continue":[194],"strengthen":[196],"public":[197],"sector":[198],"effectiveness":[199],"through":[200],"improved":[201],"policy":[202],"implementation,":[203],"enhanced":[204],"service":[205],"delivery,":[206],"stronger":[207],"capacity,":[209],"greater":[211],"administrative":[212],"efficiency":[213],"create":[215],"more":[216],"opportunities":[217],"attract":[219]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-06T12:05:46.655746","created_date":"2026-11-05T00:00:00"}