{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225203157","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pamm.70261","title":"Deformation Based Multiaxial Cycle Counting for the Progressive Damage Analysis of Wind Turbine Blades","display_name":"Deformation Based Multiaxial Cycle Counting for the Progressive Damage Analysis of Wind Turbine Blades","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225203157","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pamm.70261"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/pamm.70261","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pamm.70261","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pamm.70261","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/pamm.70261","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210190971","display_name":"PAMM","issn_l":"1617-7061","issn":["1617-7061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/pamm.70261","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081321273","display_name":"Richard Fink","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8984-8074","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8984-8074"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4665924","display_name":"University of Rostock","ror":"https://ror.org/03zdwsf69","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4665924"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Richard Fink","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Structural Mechanics University of Rostock Rostock Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8984-8074","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Structural Mechanics University of Rostock Rostock Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4665924"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015187903","display_name":"Stephan H\u00e4usler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8023-4286","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8023-4286"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4665924","display_name":"University of Rostock","ror":"https://ror.org/03zdwsf69","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4665924"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephan H\u00e4usler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Structural Mechanics University of Rostock Rostock Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8023-4286","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Structural Mechanics University of Rostock Rostock Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4665924"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045559376","display_name":"Lars Radtke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7015-8928","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7015-8928"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4665924","display_name":"University of Rostock","ror":"https://ror.org/03zdwsf69","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4665924"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lars Radtke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Structural Mechanics University of Rostock Rostock Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Structural Mechanics University of Rostock Rostock Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4665924"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041962256","display_name":"Manuela Sander","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5050-853X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5050-853X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4665924","display_name":"University of Rostock","ror":"https://ror.org/03zdwsf69","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4665924"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manuela Sander","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Structural Mechanics University of Rostock Rostock Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Structural Mechanics University of Rostock Rostock Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4665924"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5081321273"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4665924"],"apc_list":{"value":3090,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3090},"apc_paid":{"value":3090,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3090},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73379679,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"4","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10219","display_name":"Mechanical Behavior of Composites","score":0.7720000147819519,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10219","display_name":"Mechanical Behavior of Composites","score":0.7720000147819519,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10396","display_name":"Fatigue and fracture mechanics","score":0.1860000044107437,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10680","display_name":"Wind Energy Research and Development","score":0.021299999207258224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiaxial-fatigue","display_name":"multiaxial fatigue","score":0.9010000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cycle-counting","display_name":"cycle counting","score":0.9190000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/progressive-damage","display_name":"progressive damage","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wind-turbine-blades","display_name":"wind turbine blades","score":0.953000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stiffness-degradation","display_name":"stiffness degradation","score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-materials","display_name":"composite materials","score":0.8629999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/singular-value-decomposition","display_name":"singular value decomposition","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fatigue-life-prediction","display_name":"fatigue life prediction","score":0.6940000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beam-simulation","display_name":"beam simulation","score":0.4390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shell-model","display_name":"shell model","score":0.5329999923706055}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.6761999726295471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94196362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5198153","display_name":"Cycle count","level":2,"score":0.6485999822616577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20381859","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q829511","display_name":"Turbine blade","level":3,"score":0.5957000255584717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779372316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569057","display_name":"Stiffness","level":2,"score":0.5271999835968018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778449969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130760","display_name":"Turbine","level":2,"score":0.5117999911308289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21036866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181767","display_name":"Stress (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.484499990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204366326","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3027650","display_name":"Deformation (meteorology)","level":2,"score":0.42160001397132874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205606062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5249645","display_name":"Decoupling (probability)","level":2,"score":0.388700008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57493831","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3134666","display_name":"Projection (relational algebra)","level":2,"score":0.33719998598098755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3314000070095062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3118000030517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61039299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5198231","display_name":"Cyclic stress","level":2,"score":0.29760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776132848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045036","display_name":"Blade (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.2944999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2727000117301941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184050105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273163","display_name":"Isotropy","level":2,"score":0.2653000056743622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112987892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5051574","display_name":"Catastrophic failure","level":2,"score":0.26510000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781052500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2230313","display_name":"Shell (structure)","level":2,"score":0.26170000433921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2517000138759613}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/pamm.70261","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pamm.70261","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pamm.70261","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/pamm.70261","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210190971","display_name":"PAMM","issn_l":"1617-7061","issn":["1617-7061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/pamm.70261","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pamm.70261","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pamm.70261","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/pamm.70261","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210190971","display_name":"PAMM","issn_l":"1617-7061","issn":["1617-7061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000690912","display_name":"Verbundvorhaben: DaCoWind - Sch\u00e4digungsbasierte Regelung von Windenergieanlagen - Teilprojekt LTMD: Echtzeitf\u00e4higes Prozessmodell f\u00fcr die sch\u00e4digungsoptimale Regelung von Windenergieanlagen, Teilprojekt StM: Bruchmechanikbasierte numerische Simulation des Erm\u00fcdungsverhaltens von Faserverbundwerkstoffen","funder_award_id":"03EE2058C","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323803","funder_display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Wirtschaft und Energie"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323803","display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Wirtschaft und Energie","ror":"https://ror.org/02vgg2808"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225203157.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225203157.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2011301426","https://openalex.org/W2051210538","https://openalex.org/W2062242681","https://openalex.org/W2063111761","https://openalex.org/W2066501862","https://openalex.org/W2803943397","https://openalex.org/W2945475836","https://openalex.org/W2994488531","https://openalex.org/W4231802220","https://openalex.org/W4312461813","https://openalex.org/W4414776927","https://openalex.org/W6891770710","https://openalex.org/W6969259846"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6968387406","https://openalex.org/W2602958518","https://openalex.org/W3152459635","https://openalex.org/W6921950766","https://openalex.org/W3161988605","https://openalex.org/W2989716116","https://openalex.org/W2887973194","https://openalex.org/W3011130981","https://openalex.org/W2168628089","https://openalex.org/W4383093165"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"ABSTRACT":[0],"The":[1,129,169,187],"structural":[2],"integrity":[3],"of":[4,13,73,115,124,140,167,184,213],"wind":[5,127],"turbine":[6],"blades":[7],"depends":[8],"critically":[9],"on":[10,26,85,172,194],"accurate":[11],"predictions":[12],"the":[14,41,71,76,86,116,152,164,173,176,181,215,219],"stiffness":[15,43,74,182],"degradation":[16,183,203],"under":[17,49],"complex,":[18],"multiaxial":[19,50,53,202],"loading.":[20,51],"Traditional":[21],"fatigue":[22,146,224],"assessments":[23],"often":[24],"rely":[25],"uniaxial":[27],"rainflow":[28],"counting":[29,54,153,178,191,217],"coupled":[30],"with":[31,156],"linear":[32],"damage":[33,159],"accumulation.":[34],"However,":[35,69],"these":[36,91],"approaches":[37],"fail":[38],"to":[39,46,135,161],"capture":[40,199],"progressive":[42,158],"reduction":[44],"inherent":[45],"composite":[47,223],"materials":[48],"Conventional":[52],"methods,":[55,101],"such":[56],"as":[57],"critical":[58,185],"plane":[59],"and":[60,107,180,209],"equivalent":[61],"stress":[62,67,77,220],"formulations,":[63],"require":[64],"a":[65,125,136,141,157,211],"known":[66],"history.":[68],"in":[70,222],"presence":[72],"degradation,":[75],"state":[78],"evolves":[79],"continuously,":[80],"creating":[81],"an":[82],"implicit":[83],"dependency":[84],"cycle":[87,131,216],"count":[88],"that":[89,190],"renders":[90],"stress\u2010based":[92],"methods":[93,208],"invalid.":[94],"This":[95],"study":[96,188],"addresses":[97],"alternative":[98],"deformation\u2010based":[99],"projection":[100],"specifically":[102],"deterministic":[103],"hypersphere":[104],"sampling":[105],"(Super\u2010Fibonacci)":[106],"singular":[108],"value":[109],"decomposition,":[110],"using":[111],"synthetic":[112],"time":[113],"histories":[114],"blade":[117],"deformation":[118],"data":[119],"resulting":[120,130],"from":[121,218],"beam":[122],"simulations":[123],"stochastic":[126],"field.":[128],"blocks":[132],"are":[133],"applied":[134],"three\u2010dimensional":[137],"shell":[138],"model":[139,160],"state\u2010of\u2010the\u2010art":[142],"blade.":[143],"Unlike":[144],"standard":[145],"life":[147],"predictions,":[148],"this":[149],"framework":[150],"combines":[151],"outputs":[154],"directly":[155],"account":[162],"for":[163],"non\u2010linear":[165],"evolution":[166,221],"damage.":[168],"analysis":[170],"focuses":[171],"correlation":[174],"between":[175],"chosen":[177],"method":[179,212],"sections.":[186],"demonstrates":[189],"strategies":[192],"based":[193],"uniform":[195],"spatial":[196],"projections":[197],"better":[198],"more":[200],"severe,":[201],"than":[204],"simple":[205],"component\u2010wise":[206],"decomposition":[207],"offer":[210],"decoupling":[214],"analysis.":[225]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-06T12:05:46.655746","created_date":"2026-11-04T00:00:00"}