{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225200879","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2147/ijn.s644904","title":"Inspiration of Nanoengineered Antimicrobial Therapeutics Against Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infection","display_name":"Inspiration of Nanoengineered Antimicrobial Therapeutics Against Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infection","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225200879","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2147/ijn.s644904","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42999645","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13744205"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2147/ijn.s644904","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2147/ijn.s644904","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2147/ijn.s644904","pdf_url":"https://www.dovepress.com/article/download/121770","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101287785","display_name":"International Journal of Nanomedicine","issn_l":"1176-9114","issn":["1176-9114","1178-2013"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320348","host_organization_name":"Dove Medical Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320348","https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Dove Medical Press","Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Nanomedicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.dovepress.com/article/download/121770","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5152412817","display_name":"Yixian Chen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176834541","display_name":"Guangdong Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/04k5rxe29","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176834541"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yixian Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dongguan Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Experimental Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, People's Republic of China","Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dongguan Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Experimental Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176834541"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176834541"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002419730","display_name":"Yuhe Huang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176834541","display_name":"Guangdong Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/04k5rxe29","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176834541"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuhe Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dongguan Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Experimental Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, People's Republic of China","Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dongguan Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Experimental Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176834541"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176834541"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101356305","display_name":"Jiaxiang Li","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176834541","display_name":"Guangdong Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/04k5rxe29","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176834541"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiaxiang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dongguan Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Experimental Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, People's Republic of China","Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dongguan Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Experimental Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176834541"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176834541"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5152426799","display_name":"Yongjie Ge","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176834541","display_name":"Guangdong Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/04k5rxe29","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176834541"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongjie Ge","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dongguan Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Experimental Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, People's Republic of China","Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dongguan Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Experimental Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176834541"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176834541"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133389514","display_name":"Yating Zhang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176834541","display_name":"Guangdong Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/04k5rxe29","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176834541"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yating Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dongguan Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Experimental Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, People's Republic of China","Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dongguan Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Experimental Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176834541"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176834541"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160532185","display_name":"Faquan Wu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176834541","display_name":"Guangdong Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/04k5rxe29","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176834541"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Faquan Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dongguan Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Experimental Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, People's Republic of China","Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dongguan Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Experimental Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176834541"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176834541"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5152423599","display_name":"Meirong Zhu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176834541","display_name":"Guangdong Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/04k5rxe29","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176834541"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meirong Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dongguan Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Experimental Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, People's Republic of China","Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dongguan Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Experimental Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176834541"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176834541"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160461038","display_name":"Muhammad Tahir Khan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142204992","display_name":"University of Lahore","ror":"https://ror.org/051jrjw38","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142204992"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Tahir Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Sciences (ICIRS), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Sciences (ICIRS), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142204992"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102449938","display_name":"Haiyan Gong","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176834541","display_name":"Guangdong Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/04k5rxe29","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176834541"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haiyan Gong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dongguan Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Experimental Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dongguan Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Experimental Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176834541"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029106231","display_name":"Yi Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2198-0581","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2198-0581"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176834541","display_name":"Guangdong Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/04k5rxe29","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176834541"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dongguan Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Experimental Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, People's Republic of China","Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2198-0581","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dongguan Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Experimental Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176834541"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176834541"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060187979","display_name":"Wenjuan Nie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1109-1983","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1109-1983"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183519381","display_name":"Capital Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/013xs5b60","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183519381"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210107581","display_name":"Beijing Chest Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01espdw89","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210107581"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenjuan Nie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Tuberculosis, Beijing Chest Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Tuberculosis, Beijing Chest Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183519381","https://openalex.org/I4210107581"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087748027","display_name":"Jiang Pi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4418-1248","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4418-1248"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176834541","display_name":"Guangdong Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/04k5rxe29","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176834541"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiang Pi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dongguan Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Experimental Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, People's Republic of China","Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4418-1248","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dongguan Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Experimental Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176834541"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176834541"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2836,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2836},"apc_paid":{"value":2836,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2836},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.62441315,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"Volume 21","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"23"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11316","display_name":"Mycobacterium research and diagnosis","score":0.8115000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11316","display_name":"Mycobacterium research and diagnosis","score":0.8115000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10063","display_name":"Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery","score":0.15160000324249268,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2502","display_name":"Biomaterials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10038","display_name":"Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology","score":0.009200000204145908,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nontuberculous-mycobacteria","display_name":"nontuberculous mycobacteria","score":0.9470000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nontuberculous-mycobacterial-infection","display_name":"nontuberculous mycobacterial infection","score":0.6700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanomedicine","display_name":"nanomedicine","score":0.7360000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/targeted-drug-delivery","display_name":"targeted drug delivery","score":0.6930000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multidrug-resistance","display_name":"multidrug resistance","score":0.8199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biofilm-eradication","display_name":"biofilm eradication","score":0.9649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intracellular-trafficking","display_name":"intracellular trafficking","score":0.6650000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunomodulation","display_name":"immunomodulation","score":0.9330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/host-directed-therapy","display_name":"host-directed therapy","score":0.7300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulmonary-ntm-disease","display_name":"pulmonary NTM infection","score":0.8880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stimuli-responsive-drug-release","display_name":"stimuli-responsive drug release","score":0.7070000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liposomes","display_name":"liposomes","score":0.640999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polymeric-nanoparticles","display_name":"polymeric nanoparticles","score":0.8190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inorganic-nanoparticles","display_name":"inorganic nanoparticles","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-co-delivery","display_name":"drug co-delivery","score":0.531000018119812}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778679867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1881705","display_name":"Nontuberculous mycobacteria","level":4,"score":0.6326000094413757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4937899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68541106","display_name":"Antimicrobial","level":2,"score":0.5936999917030334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18150654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17153796","display_name":"Nanocarriers","level":3,"score":0.5740000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5307999849319458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C501593827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12187","display_name":"Antibiotics","level":2,"score":0.460099995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58123911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q467410","display_name":"Biofilm","level":3,"score":0.4350999891757965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C540938839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1201508","display_name":"Antimicrobial peptides","level":3,"score":0.4140999913215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.40049999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908569021","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2896740","display_name":"Anti-Infective Agents","level":3,"score":0.38909998536109924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779820397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1392806","display_name":"Drug delivery","level":2,"score":0.38670000433921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780035454","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8386","display_name":"Drug","level":2,"score":0.3424000144004822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780374374","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194309","display_name":"Mycobacterium","level":3,"score":0.3402000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200082930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22327148","display_name":"Efflux","level":2,"score":0.33869999647140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.32989999651908875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94665300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q63391344","display_name":"Antibiotic resistance","level":3,"score":0.31380000710487366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3124000132083893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133936738","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q643839","display_name":"Multiple drug resistance","level":3,"score":0.311599999666214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.2978000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197934379","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2047938","display_name":"Adverse effect","level":2,"score":0.2976999878883362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74187038","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1418791","display_name":"Drug discovery","level":2,"score":0.2937000095844269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.29280000925064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114851261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12147416","display_name":"Drug resistance","level":2,"score":0.287200003862381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776111603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6946978","display_name":"Mycobacterium abscessus","level":4,"score":0.2831999957561493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781069245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12204","display_name":"Tuberculosis","level":2,"score":0.2653000056743622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15083742","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q261659","display_name":"Nanomedicine","level":3,"score":0.2540000081062317}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000090783","descriptor_name":"Nanoparticle Drug Delivery System","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000900","descriptor_name":"Anti-Bacterial Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000900","descriptor_name":"Anti-Bacterial Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009165","descriptor_name":"Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D050997","descriptor_name":"Nanomedicine","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2147/ijn.s644904","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2147/ijn.s644904","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2147/ijn.s644904","pdf_url":"https://www.dovepress.com/article/download/121770","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101287785","display_name":"International Journal of Nanomedicine","issn_l":"1176-9114","issn":["1176-9114","1178-2013"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320348","host_organization_name":"Dove Medical Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320348","https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Dove Medical Press","Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Nanomedicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42999645","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42999645","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International journal of nanomedicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6b5c633ce5254822903a20ba2defe250","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6b5c633ce5254822903a20ba2defe250","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Nanomedicine, Vol Volume 21, Iss Issue 1, Pp 1-23 (2026)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dovepress.com/121770","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.dovepress.com/inspiration-of-nanoengineered-antimicrobial-therapeutics-against-nontu-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IJN","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401012","display_name":"Dove Medical Press (Taylor and Francis Group)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Review"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2147/ijn.s644904","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2147/ijn.s644904","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2147/ijn.s644904","pdf_url":"https://www.dovepress.com/article/download/121770","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101287785","display_name":"International Journal of Nanomedicine","issn_l":"1176-9114","issn":["1176-9114","1178-2013"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320348","host_organization_name":"Dove Medical Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320348","https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Dove Medical Press","Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Nanomedicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9789000153541565,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225200879.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225200879.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":125,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1831312869","https://openalex.org/W1964841284","https://openalex.org/W1969349373","https://openalex.org/W1982683553","https://openalex.org/W2012867962","https://openalex.org/W2021463425","https://openalex.org/W2026668911","https://openalex.org/W2036317207","https://openalex.org/W2059354338","https://openalex.org/W2078132698","https://openalex.org/W2090417529","https://openalex.org/W2103556163","https://openalex.org/W2110579635","https://openalex.org/W2116780041","https://openalex.org/W2130599662","https://openalex.org/W2133466937","https://openalex.org/W2142447693","https://openalex.org/W2162422719","https://openalex.org/W2335063618","https://openalex.org/W2408096905","https://openalex.org/W2489692237","https://openalex.org/W2518975397","https://openalex.org/W2558222949","https://openalex.org/W2605748055","https://openalex.org/W2789681693","https://openalex.org/W2796455598","https://openalex.org/W2804681282","https://openalex.org/W2889161855","https://openalex.org/W2892323117","https://openalex.org/W2904486568","https://openalex.org/W2912845399","https://openalex.org/W2915046596","https://openalex.org/W2921215631","https://openalex.org/W2986911350","https://openalex.org/W3005647545","https://openalex.org/W3009004529","https://openalex.org/W3013438450","https://openalex.org/W3033861058","https://openalex.org/W3038927358","https://openalex.org/W3046968067","https://openalex.org/W3047301229","https://openalex.org/W3080842163","https://openalex.org/W3090760157","https://openalex.org/W3091604803","https://openalex.org/W3110843698","https://openalex.org/W3124781615","https://openalex.org/W3125736681","https://openalex.org/W3127476084","https://openalex.org/W3128576841","https://openalex.org/W3153142293","https://openalex.org/W3157350195","https://openalex.org/W3157464029","https://openalex.org/W3187552639","https://openalex.org/W3194555044","https://openalex.org/W3200592498","https://openalex.org/W3201846900","https://openalex.org/W3208667620","https://openalex.org/W3208945936","https://openalex.org/W3215587077","https://openalex.org/W4200566236","https://openalex.org/W4207057115","https://openalex.org/W4210754308","https://openalex.org/W4210859139","https://openalex.org/W4211255270","https://openalex.org/W4220964615","https://openalex.org/W4223546826","https://openalex.org/W4226166817","https://openalex.org/W4290649039","https://openalex.org/W4307989515","https://openalex.org/W4309642863","https://openalex.org/W4313339529","https://openalex.org/W4318926326","https://openalex.org/W4319441509","https://openalex.org/W4320181881","https://openalex.org/W4323666971","https://openalex.org/W4376865785","https://openalex.org/W4376871376","https://openalex.org/W4377011650","https://openalex.org/W4377092853","https://openalex.org/W4380051072","https://openalex.org/W4384341748","https://openalex.org/W4385231804","https://openalex.org/W4385318631","https://openalex.org/W4385416637","https://openalex.org/W4386087201","https://openalex.org/W4386607694","https://openalex.org/W4387305240","https://openalex.org/W4387341546","https://openalex.org/W4387965265","https://openalex.org/W4389000785","https://openalex.org/W4389515656","https://openalex.org/W4391096052","https://openalex.org/W4391573562","https://openalex.org/W4391884359","https://openalex.org/W4392365746","https://openalex.org/W4392507782","https://openalex.org/W4396673398","https://openalex.org/W4399295801","https://openalex.org/W4400004558","https://openalex.org/W4401793731","https://openalex.org/W4402040652","https://openalex.org/W4403209131","https://openalex.org/W4405310520","https://openalex.org/W4405767016","https://openalex.org/W4406150281","https://openalex.org/W4406694866","https://openalex.org/W4406905860","https://openalex.org/W4407096258","https://openalex.org/W4408705397","https://openalex.org/W4409325585","https://openalex.org/W4409463848","https://openalex.org/W4410426855","https://openalex.org/W4410965136","https://openalex.org/W4411744663","https://openalex.org/W4413106940","https://openalex.org/W4413386452","https://openalex.org/W4414121539","https://openalex.org/W4414711280","https://openalex.org/W4415070544","https://openalex.org/W4415689087","https://openalex.org/W4417025338","https://openalex.org/W4417491965","https://openalex.org/W7118168121","https://openalex.org/W7120141321","https://openalex.org/W7167338166"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7170533736","https://openalex.org/W3025863412","https://openalex.org/W4401735097","https://openalex.org/W2949167694","https://openalex.org/W6920970818","https://openalex.org/W3046788861","https://openalex.org/W4401715591","https://openalex.org/W3133618728","https://openalex.org/W4205986278","https://openalex.org/W3131430042"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Non-tuberculous":[0],"mycobacteria":[1],"(NTM),":[2],"a":[3,13],"diverse":[4],"collection":[5],"of":[6,89,146,197,203,257,270],"environmentally":[7],"ubiquitous":[8],"pathogens,":[9],"are":[10,44,78],"emerging":[11],"as":[12,33],"significant":[14],"global":[15],"public":[16],"health":[17],"concern":[18],"with":[19,214],"rising":[20],"incidence":[21],"and":[22,31,36,47,60,86,108,125,127,154,168,177,194,206,224,250,273],"prevalence.":[23],"NTM":[24,42,189,233,253],"infections":[25],"occur":[26],"predominantly":[27],"in":[28,209,247],"immunocompromised":[29],"populations":[30],"present":[32],"pulmonary,":[34],"disseminated,":[35,248],"skin/soft":[37],"tissue":[38],"infections.":[39,254,279],"Clinically":[40],"prevalent":[41],"species":[43,166],"exhibiting":[45],"inherent":[46],"acquired":[48],"multidrug":[49],"resistance,":[50],"which":[51],"is":[52],"mediated":[53],"by":[54,80,130,158],"biofilm":[55,221],"formation,":[56],"efflux":[57],"pump":[58],"expression":[59],"target-site":[61],"mutations,":[62],"rendering":[63],"conventional":[64,112],"therapies":[65],"increasingly":[66],"ineffective.":[67],"Current":[68],"clinical":[69,188,238],"management":[70],"relies":[71],"on":[72,216],"prolonged,":[73],"multi-drug":[74],"antibiotic":[75],"regimens,":[76],"but":[77],"limited":[79],"poor":[81],"efficacy,":[82],"severe":[83],"adverse":[84],"effects":[85],"high":[87],"rates":[88],"recurrence.":[90],"This":[91,184],"therapeutic":[92,265],"impasse":[93],"underscores":[94],"an":[95],"urgent":[96],"need":[97],"for":[98,133,142],"novel":[99],"intervention":[100],"strategies.":[101],"Engineered":[102],"nanocarriers,":[103],"including":[104,161],"liposomes,":[105],"polymeric,":[106],"lipid-based":[107],"inorganic":[109],"nanoparticles,":[110],"encapsulate":[111],"antimicrobials":[113,148],"to":[114,262],"enhance":[115],"bioavailability,":[116],"prolong":[117],"systemic":[118],"circulation,":[119],"improve":[120],"penetration":[121],"into":[122],"infected":[123,131],"tissues":[124],"biofilms,":[126],"facilitate":[128],"uptake":[129],"macrophages":[132],"intracellular":[134,219],"delivery.":[135],"In":[136],"addition,":[137],"nanoplatforms":[138],"can":[139,173],"be":[140],"engineered":[141],"targeted":[143,217,274],"delivery,":[144,218],"co-delivery":[145],"synergistic":[147],"or":[149],"host-directed":[150],"agents,":[151],"immune":[152],"modulation,":[153],"stimulus-responsive":[155],"release":[156],"triggered":[157],"infection-related":[159],"cues":[160],"acidic":[162],"pH,":[163],"reactive":[164],"oxygen":[165],"(ROS),":[167],"enzymes.":[169],"These":[170,228],"multifunctional":[171],"systems":[172],"help":[174],"overcome":[175],"physiological":[176],"cellular":[178],"barriers":[179],"while":[180,240],"minimizing":[181],"off-target":[182],"toxicity.":[183],"review":[185,242],"summarizes":[186],"key":[187,225],"species,":[190],"their":[191,245],"pathogenic":[192],"traits,":[193],"molecular":[195],"mechanisms":[196],"drug":[198],"resistance.":[199],"It":[200],"assesses":[201],"limitations":[202],"current":[204],"regimens":[205],"highlights":[207],"advances":[208],"nanotechnology-based":[210],"antimicrobial":[211],"delivery":[212],"strategies,":[213],"emphasis":[215],"trafficking,":[220],"disruption,":[222],"immunomodulation":[223],"translational":[226],"challenges.":[227],"strategies":[229],"primarily":[230],"target":[231],"pulmonary":[232],"infection":[234],"(the":[235],"most":[236],"common":[237],"manifestation),":[239],"this":[241],"briefly":[243],"covers":[244],"applications":[246],"cutaneous":[249],"lymph":[251],"node":[252],"The":[255],"integration":[256],"nanomedicine":[258],"holds":[259],"the":[260,264,268],"potential":[261],"revolutionize":[263],"landscape,":[266],"facilitating":[267],"development":[269],"more":[271],"effective":[272],"interventions":[275],"against":[276],"these":[277],"challenging":[278]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2026-11-04T00:00:00"}
