{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225196340","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23922830","title":"The Hubble Tension as Exponential Vacuum Relaxation","display_name":"The Hubble Tension as Exponential Vacuum Relaxation","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225196340","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23922830"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.23922830","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23922830","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23922830","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23922830","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136948579","display_name":"Michael I Aksman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Aksman, Michael","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5136948579"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83321499,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10095","display_name":"Cosmology and Gravitation Theories","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10095","display_name":"Cosmology and Gravitation Theories","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11415","display_name":"Noncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10026","display_name":"Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hubble-tension","display_name":"Hubble tension","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vacuum-relaxation","display_name":"vacuum relaxation","score":0.5659999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hubble-parameter","display_name":"Hubble parameter","score":0.7059999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hubble-constant-discrepancy","display_name":"Hubble constant discrepancy","score":0.5740000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/damping-factor","display_name":"damping factor","score":0.5910000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sound-horizon","display_name":"sound horizon","score":0.5569999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cosmic-microwave-background","display_name":"cosmic microwave background","score":0.6620000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustic-surveys","display_name":"acoustic surveys","score":0.7319999933242798}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.7871999740600586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207297109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15605","display_name":"Cosmic microwave background","level":3,"score":0.6668000221252441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20154449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1129469","display_name":"Metric expansion of space","level":4,"score":0.6191999912261963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26405456","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q338","display_name":"Cosmology","level":2,"score":0.6187999844551086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32848918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845789","display_name":"Observable","level":2,"score":0.5432000160217285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103874350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179916","display_name":"Hubble's law","level":4,"score":0.5145999789237976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100752768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2538708","display_name":"False vacuum","level":2,"score":0.4778999984264374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776029896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3935810","display_name":"Relaxation (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.42899999022483826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70662872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q766202","display_name":"Vacuum state","level":2,"score":0.42820000648498535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144386022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1332997","display_name":"Scale factor (cosmology)","level":5,"score":0.42170000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59375849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5013513","display_name":"COSMIC cancer database","level":2,"score":0.4074999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.3984000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.39590001106262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86252789","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2247765","display_name":"Inviscid flow","level":2,"score":0.3952000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2998314","display_name":"Observational cosmology","level":4,"score":0.38029998540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62796785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12902765","display_name":"Cosmic background radiation","level":4,"score":0.37130001187324524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777293921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7316045","display_name":"Rest frame","level":4,"score":0.3610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84999194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1","display_name":"Universe","level":2,"score":0.34709998965263367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186068551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13255585","display_name":"Tension (geology)","level":3,"score":0.3303000032901764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61969629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q911640","display_name":"Hubble volume","level":5,"score":0.32330000400543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121864883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677916","display_name":"Statistical physics","level":1,"score":0.301800012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62354387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875399","display_name":"Boundary (topology)","level":2,"score":0.2987000048160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11135259","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2477027","display_name":"Length scale","level":2,"score":0.29109999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778963380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221392","display_name":"Observable universe","level":3,"score":0.28459998965263367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89464430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q849516","display_name":"Metastability","level":2,"score":0.2806999981403351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164008634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q934257","display_name":"Primordial fluctuations","level":4,"score":0.2770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33332235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18362","display_name":"Theoretical physics","level":1,"score":0.2768000066280365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778086583","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3363554","display_name":"Deceleration parameter","level":4,"score":0.2711000144481659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180188523","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574576","display_name":"Exponential decay","level":2,"score":0.267300009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125860484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q500699","display_name":"Age of the universe","level":4,"score":0.25999999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3445786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205805","display_name":"Conservation law","level":2,"score":0.2574000060558319}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.23922830","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23922830","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23922830","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.23922831","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23922831","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23922831","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.23922830","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23922830","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23922830","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7153199504","https://openalex.org/W7123265728","https://openalex.org/W7225174972","https://openalex.org/W7211999200","https://openalex.org/W7124428240","https://openalex.org/W7116410015","https://openalex.org/W7164751959","https://openalex.org/W7213946700","https://openalex.org/W7131853211","https://openalex.org/W7136436336"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,68,125,142,166],"Hubble":[1],"tension":[2,222],"represents":[3],"an":[4,16,59,90,211,220],"observable":[5],"non-equilibrium":[6],"relaxation":[7,130,184],"lag":[8,136,148],"within":[9],"a":[10,109,128,182,192,215],"structured":[11],"cosmic":[12,46,140],"vacuum":[13,42,85,233],"rather":[14],"than":[15],"irreconcilable":[17],"conflict":[18],"between":[19],"local":[20,98],"distance-ladder":[21],"measurements":[22],"and":[23,49,176],"early-universe":[24],"cosmological":[25],"surveys.":[26],"Two":[27],"Distinct":[28],"Expansion":[29,164],"Regimes:":[30],"Local":[31],"astronomical":[32],"anchors":[33],"sample":[34],"the":[35,53,71,77,82,97,133,146,154,170,225,231],"undamped,":[36],"inviscid":[37],"expansion":[38,72,172],"occurring":[39],"inside":[40],"coherent":[41],"domains,":[43],"whereas":[44],"deep":[45],"microwave":[47],"background":[48],"acoustic":[50],"surveys":[51],"measure":[52],"viscously":[54],"damped":[55],"rate":[56,111,173],"averaged":[57],"across":[58,139],"ensemble":[60],"of":[61,70,81,94,100,186,201,230],"domain":[62],"boundary":[63,79],"interfaces.":[64],"Zeta-Fixed":[65],"Tension":[66],"Amplitude:":[67],"height":[69],"discrepancy":[73,126],"is":[74],"locked":[75],"by":[76,223],"regularized":[78],"residue":[80],"truncated":[83],"normal-vector":[84],"mode":[86],"spectrum.":[87],"This":[88],"establishes":[89],"exact":[91],"damping":[92],"factor":[93],"one-twelfth,":[95],"reducing":[96],"baseline":[99],"approximately":[101],"seventy-three":[102],"kilometers":[103,114],"per":[104,106,115,117],"second":[105,116],"megaparsec":[107,118],"to":[108],"global":[110],"near":[112],"sixty-seven":[113],"without":[119],"free":[120],"parameters.":[121],"First-Order":[122],"Relaxation":[123],"Dynamics:":[124],"follows":[127],"first-order":[129],"law":[131],"where":[132],"initial":[134],"structural":[135],"decays":[137],"exponentially":[138],"time.":[141],"early":[143],"universe":[144,156],"retains":[145],"unrelaxed":[147],"observed":[149],"in":[150],"sound-horizon":[151],"calibrations,":[152],"while":[153],"late":[155],"relaxes":[157],"toward":[158],"its":[159],"macroscopic":[160],"fluid":[161],"limit.":[162],"Scale-Dependent":[163],"Profile:":[165],"model":[167],"dictates":[168],"that":[169],"inferred":[171],"declines":[174],"smoothly":[175],"monotonically":[177],"with":[178],"lookback":[179],"time":[180,229],"over":[181],"characteristic":[183],"timescale":[185],"roughly":[187],"five":[188],"billion":[189],"years,":[190],"providing":[191],"direct":[193],"observational":[194],"distinction":[195],"from":[196],"step-offset":[197],"systematic":[198],"errors.":[199],"Origin":[200],"Metric":[202],"Breakdown:":[203],"Standard":[204],"homogeneous":[205],"cosmology":[206],"fails":[207],"because":[208],"it":[209],"forces":[210],"instantaneous":[212],"response":[213,228],"through":[214],"single":[216],"scale":[217],"factor,":[218],"creating":[219],"apparent":[221],"overlooking":[224],"finite":[226],"physical":[227],"underlying":[232],"medium.":[234]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-05T12:25:35.769452","created_date":"2026-11-04T00:00:00"}