{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225166133","doi":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202611.0307.v1","title":"Dismantling the \u201cCommodity Trap\u201d: Geopolitics, Value Chains, and Resource Nationalism in Africa and Ethiopia\u2019s Critical Mineral Sector","display_name":"Dismantling the \u201cCommodity Trap\u201d: Geopolitics, Value Chains, and Resource Nationalism in Africa and Ethiopia\u2019s Critical Mineral Sector","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225166133","doi":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202611.0307.v1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.20944/preprints202611.0307.v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202611.0307.v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202611.0307.v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S6309402219","display_name":"Preprints.org","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W7225166133"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202611.0307.v1","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5157695033","display_name":"Arega Hailu Teffera (PhD)","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6498-3608","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6498-3608"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ambassador Arega Hailu Teffera","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6498-3608","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5157695033"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11823","display_name":"Natural Resources and Economic Development","score":0.8012999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11823","display_name":"Natural Resources and Economic Development","score":0.8012999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11933","display_name":"Mining and Resource Management","score":0.15530000627040863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11091","display_name":"Extraction and Separation Processes","score":0.01679999940097332,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2506","display_name":"Metals and Alloys"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/critical-minerals","display_name":"critical minerals","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-nationalism","display_name":"resource nationalism","score":0.8650000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/value-chain","display_name":"value chain","score":0.7680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dependency-theory","display_name":"dependency theory","score":0.8190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-curse","display_name":"resource curse","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artisanal-mining","display_name":"artisanal mining","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mining-policy","display_name":"mining policy","score":0.3659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grand-ethiopian-renaissance-dam","display_name":"Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam","score":0.7129999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/african-continental-free-trade-area","display_name":"African Continental Free Trade Area","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/green-industrial-revolution","display_name":"green industrial revolution","score":0.8870000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethiopia","display_name":"Ethiopia","score":0.6940000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/africa","display_name":"Africa","score":0.5519999861717224}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780761599","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72596","display_name":"Resource curse","level":3,"score":0.5062000155448914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.4311999976634979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121087249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q546395","display_name":"Emerging markets","level":2,"score":0.4081999957561493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74363100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273005","display_name":"Economic system","level":1,"score":0.4018000066280365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155202549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178803","display_name":"International trade","level":1,"score":0.38089999556541443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.37220001220703125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776941364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9751533","display_name":"Midstream","level":3,"score":0.3682999908924103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.3643999993801117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29985473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188460","display_name":"Natural resource","level":2,"score":0.36340001225471497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107666737","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q646107","display_name":"Value chain","level":3,"score":0.35670000314712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779439359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317088","display_name":"Commodity","level":2,"score":0.34860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201960208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159385","display_name":"Geopolitics","level":3,"score":0.34450000524520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175605778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3299701","display_name":"Natural resource economics","level":1,"score":0.33410000801086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776207758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5303302","display_name":"Downstream (manufacturing)","level":2,"score":0.32820001244544983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.3095000088214874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87980944","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q664112","display_name":"Industrial policy","level":2,"score":0.29829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779015535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q462668","display_name":"Regional integration","level":2,"score":0.2906999886035919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191172861","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7899321","display_name":"Upstream (networking)","level":2,"score":0.2858000099658966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.2711000144481659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39389867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380767","display_name":"Corporate governance","level":2,"score":0.2554999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783","display_name":"Industrial organization","level":1,"score":0.251800000667572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.25099998712539673}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.20944/preprints202611.0307.v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202611.0307.v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202611.0307.v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S6309402219","display_name":"Preprints.org","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.20944/preprints202611.0307.v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202611.0307.v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202611.0307.v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S6309402219","display_name":"Preprints.org","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8970999717712402,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"},{"score":0.5473999977111816,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"},{"score":0.5171999931335449,"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7154944628","https://openalex.org/W7167784899","https://openalex.org/W7222043119","https://openalex.org/W7134985391","https://openalex.org/W7170186259","https://openalex.org/W7163354696","https://openalex.org/W7169492961","https://openalex.org/W7112362709","https://openalex.org/W4411667861","https://openalex.org/W7214582042"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"examines":[2],"the":[3,7,16,29,41,73,113,120,126,143,155,175,191,223,235,248],"structural":[4],"architecture":[5],"governing":[6],"extraction,":[8],"processing,":[9],"and":[10,28,59,119,139,148,200],"trade":[11],"of":[12,125,146,181,195],"critical":[13,108],"minerals":[14],"within":[15],"contemporary":[17],"global":[18,96],"political":[19],"economy.":[20],"Using":[21],"Dependency":[22],"Theory":[23],"(Frank,":[24],"1966;":[25],"Amin,":[26],"1976)":[27],"Resource":[30],"Curse":[31],"Paradigm":[32],"(Auty,":[33],"1993;":[34],"Sachs":[35],"&":[36],"Warner,":[37],"2001),":[38],"we":[39,129,153,189,207],"analyze":[40],"systemic":[42],"core-periphery":[43],"asymmetries":[44],"that":[45,167,213],"constrain":[46],"developing":[47],"countries":[48],"to":[49,77,98,170,243],"low-margin":[50],"primary":[51],"commodity":[52],"extraction":[53],"while":[54],"consolidating":[55],"high-value":[56],"downstream":[57,197],"refining":[58,173],"technological":[60],"production":[61],"in":[62,82,247],"advanced":[63],"industrial":[64,250],"economies":[65],"(Gereffi,":[66],"2014).":[67],"We":[68],"incorporate":[69],"quantitative":[70],"frameworks,":[71],"specifically":[72],"Herfindahl-Hirschman":[74],"Index":[75],"(HHI),":[76],"show":[78],"how":[79],"extreme":[80],"consolidation":[81],"midstream":[83],"processing":[84,217,232],"functions":[85],"as":[86],"a":[87,99,168,178,209],"strategic":[88],"geopolitical":[89],"choke":[90],"point":[91],"(IEA,":[92],"2023).":[93],"Moving":[94],"from":[95,160,222],"patterns":[97],"specialized":[100],"country":[101],"assessment,":[102],"this":[103],"study":[104],"investigates":[105],"Ethiopia's":[106,215],"nascent":[107],"mineral":[109],"sector.":[110],"Focusing":[111],"on":[112],"lithium-cesium-tantalum":[114],"(LCT)":[115],"pegmatites":[116],"at":[117],"Kenticha":[118],"hydrogeological":[121],"lithium-potash":[122],"brine":[123],"arrays":[124],"Danakil":[127],"Depression,":[128],"outline":[130,208],"severe":[131],"infrastructure":[132,218],"deficits,":[133],"extensive":[134],"informal":[135],"artisanal":[136],"mining":[137],"structures,":[138],"coordination":[140],"friction":[141],"between":[142],"Federal":[144],"Ministry":[145],"Mines":[147],"Regional":[149],"Mining":[150],"Bureaus.":[151],"Furthermore,":[152],"evaluate":[154],"distinct":[156],"socio-economic":[157],"vulnerabilities":[158],"stemming":[159],"potential":[161],"unrefined":[162],"raw":[163,202],"material":[164],"flight,":[165],"arguing":[166],"failure":[169],"mandate":[171],"localized":[172],"locks":[174],"state":[176],"into":[177],"permanent":[179],"cycle":[180],"value":[182],"leakage.":[183],"To":[184],"establish":[185],"actionable":[186],"policy":[187,211],"pathways,":[188],"benchmark":[190],"successful":[192],"regulatory":[193],"models":[194],"Indonesia's":[196],"nickel":[198],"ban":[199],"Zimbabwe's":[201],"lithium":[203],"export":[204],"restrictions.":[205],"Finally,":[206],"coordinated":[210],"paradigm":[212],"couples":[214],"domestic":[216],"with":[219],"renewable":[220],"energy":[221],"Grand":[224],"Ethiopian":[225],"Renaissance":[226],"Dam":[227],"(GERD),":[228],"advocating":[229],"for":[230],"regional":[231],"alliances":[233],"under":[234],"African":[236],"Continental":[237],"Free":[238],"Trade":[239],"Area":[240],"(AfCFTA)":[241],"framework":[242],"redefine":[244],"Africa's":[245],"role":[246],"green":[249],"revolution":[251],"(African":[252],"Union,":[253],"2019).":[254]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2026-11-04T00:00:00"}
