{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225159802","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/cr-09-2026-0408","title":"Three decades (1996 to 2026) of competitiveness scholarship: intellectual foundations, thematic evolution and emerging frontiers in Competitiveness Review","display_name":"Three decades (1996 to 2026) of competitiveness scholarship: intellectual foundations, thematic evolution and emerging frontiers in Competitiveness Review","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225159802","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/cr-09-2026-0408"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1108/cr-09-2026-0408","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/cr-09-2026-0408","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/cr-09-2026-0408","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226649","display_name":"Competitiveness Review An International Business Journal incorporating Journal of Global Competitiveness","issn_l":"1059-5422","issn":["1059-5422","2051-3143"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-c","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Competitiveness Review: An International Business Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033683059","display_name":"Janarthanan Balakrishnan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2456-2617","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2456-2617"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122964287","display_name":"National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli","ror":"https://ror.org/047x65e68","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122964287"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Janarthanan Balakrishnan","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli Department of Management Studies, , Tiruchirappalli,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2456-2617","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli Department of Management Studies, , Tiruchirappalli,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122964287"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034271821","display_name":"Mansor Alohali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5740-5194","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5740-5194"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I240666556","display_name":"Imam Mohammad ibn Saud Islamic University","ror":"https://ror.org/05gxjyb39","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I240666556"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mansor Alohali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) Applied College, , Riyadh,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) Applied College, , Riyadh,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I240666556"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5033683059"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122964287"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89908826,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"14"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10102","display_name":"scientometrics and bibliometrics research","score":0.4350999891757965,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3309","display_name":"Library and Information Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10102","display_name":"scientometrics and bibliometrics research","score":0.4350999891757965,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3309","display_name":"Library and Information Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12428","display_name":"Global Trade and Competitiveness","score":0.40139999985694885,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10003","display_name":"Innovation and Knowledge Management","score":0.020999999716877937,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/research-trends","display_name":"research trends","score":0.6570000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thematic-evolution","display_name":"thematic evolution","score":0.7229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-based-view","display_name":"resource-based view","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/innovation-ecosystems","display_name":"innovation ecosystems","score":0.7850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-competitiveness","display_name":"digital competitiveness","score":0.8930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/small-and-medium-sized-enterprises","display_name":"small and medium-sized enterprises","score":0.7979999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internationalization","display_name":"internationalization","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/institutional-approach","display_name":"institutional approach","score":0.44600000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/journal-history","display_name":"journal history","score":0.3490000069141388}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778061430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188823","display_name":"Scholarship","level":2,"score":0.7293000221252441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83867959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q371467","display_name":"Scopus","level":3,"score":0.6491000056266785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97509610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3141064","display_name":"Internationalization","level":2,"score":0.6100999712944031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177212765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627335","display_name":"Workflow","level":2,"score":0.5496000051498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148383697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1781695","display_name":"Regional science","level":1,"score":0.4535999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93692415","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1502030","display_name":"Thematic map","level":2,"score":0.444599986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34974158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131257","display_name":"Intellectual property","level":2,"score":0.43380001187324524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.4239000082015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58546491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1150207","display_name":"Competitive advantage","level":2,"score":0.4133000075817108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86275758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q376657","display_name":"Strategic management","level":2,"score":0.3882000148296356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74196892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7781188","display_name":"Thematic analysis","level":3,"score":0.375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178315738","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q603441","display_name":"Bibliometrics","level":2,"score":0.3589000105857849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3547999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48243021","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932522","display_name":"Strategic planning","level":2,"score":0.3546999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3431999981403351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780838347","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1329252","display_name":"Intellectual capital","level":2,"score":0.3337000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203043789","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q138461","display_name":"Digital economy","level":2,"score":0.3328999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C519991488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28865","display_name":"Python (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.3296000063419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.323199987411499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39389867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380767","display_name":"Corporate governance","level":2,"score":0.32120001316070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.30230000615119934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778109090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7781195","display_name":"Thematic structure","level":2,"score":0.30059999227523804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162696548","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830170","display_name":"Knowledge economy","level":2,"score":0.289000004529953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.28760001063346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2129575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54837","display_name":"Semantic Web","level":2,"score":0.28200000524520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125706105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1137418","display_name":"Disintermediation","level":2,"score":0.2815000116825104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105345328","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q206276","display_name":"Citation analysis","level":3,"score":0.28130000829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18918823","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49389","display_name":"Tourism","level":2,"score":0.2689000070095062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103423482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q552515","display_name":"Competitive intelligence","level":2,"score":0.26499998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984558057","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162633","display_name":"Academic community","level":2,"score":0.263700008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777462167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7432048","display_name":"Scholarly communication","level":3,"score":0.25699999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.25440001487731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70388272","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5968558","display_name":"IBM","level":2,"score":0.25060001015663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121017731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11661","display_name":"Information technology","level":2,"score":0.25060001015663147}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1108/cr-09-2026-0408","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/cr-09-2026-0408","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/cr-09-2026-0408","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226649","display_name":"Competitiveness Review An International Business Journal incorporating Journal of Global Competitiveness","issn_l":"1059-5422","issn":["1059-5422","2051-3143"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-c","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Competitiveness Review: An International Business Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1564467895","https://openalex.org/W1902027874","https://openalex.org/W2064021323","https://openalex.org/W2097914836","https://openalex.org/W2108680868","https://openalex.org/W2108795964","https://openalex.org/W2120867647","https://openalex.org/W2131681506","https://openalex.org/W2155046806","https://openalex.org/W3003192459","https://openalex.org/W3124536214","https://openalex.org/W3160856016","https://openalex.org/W3189189854","https://openalex.org/W3196257779","https://openalex.org/W4299953765"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4417429179","https://openalex.org/W3001625021","https://openalex.org/W4414281160","https://openalex.org/W7217557606","https://openalex.org/W7160308690","https://openalex.org/W4213005049","https://openalex.org/W2971387270","https://openalex.org/W1497636556","https://openalex.org/W2484109053","https://openalex.org/W7170050128"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Purpose":[0],"This":[1,57],"paper":[2],"aims":[3],"to":[4,18,104,144],"explore":[5],"three":[6],"decades":[7],"of":[8,23,164,201],"research":[9,30,45,180],"work":[10],"on":[11,146],"Competitiveness":[12,207],"Review":[13,208],"in":[14,36,136,206],"the":[15,20,24,41,124,137,165,174,192],"Scopus":[16],"database":[17],"uncover":[19],"intellectual":[21],"bases":[22],"journal,":[25],"its":[26],"thematic":[27,87],"configuration":[28],"and":[29,32,50,55,85,101,110,118,129,150,154,182],"areas":[31,105,181],"possible":[33],"future":[34],"directions":[35],"competitiveness":[37,203],"scholarship":[38,204],"represented":[39,205],"within":[40,191],"journal.":[42,138],"Design/methodology/approach":[43],"The":[44,95,121,139,171],"analysis":[46,84],"decoded":[47],"908":[48],"articles":[49],"reviews":[51],"published":[52,184],"between":[53],"1996":[54],"2026.":[56],"is":[58,141],"a":[59,90,198],"reproducible":[60],"workflow":[61],"involving":[62],"performance":[63],"analysis,":[64,71,81],"reference":[65,67],"co-citation,":[66],"publication-year":[68],"spectroscopy,":[69],"co-word":[70],"TF-IDF/NMF":[72],"semantic":[73],"modelling,":[74],"bibliographic":[75],"coupling,":[76],"Search":[77],"Path":[78],"Count":[79],"main-path":[80],"structural":[82],"variation":[83],"strategic":[86,100],"mapping":[88],"using":[89],"Python":[91],"computational":[92],"approach.":[93],"Findings":[94],"journal":[96,140],"progressively":[97],"moves":[98],"from":[99],"competitive":[102],"positioning":[103],"more":[106,115],"concerned":[107],"with":[108],"capabilities":[109,168],"institutions,":[111],"innovation":[112,147],"ecosystems":[113],"and,":[114],"recently,":[116],"digital":[117,151,167],"sustainability-based":[119],"competitiveness.":[120],"Porterian":[122],"tradition,":[123],"resource-based":[125],"approach,":[126],"clusters,":[127],"internationalisation":[128],"institutional":[130],"approaches":[131],"have":[132],"made":[133],"their":[134],"mark":[135],"currently":[142],"transitioning":[143],"focus":[145],"ecosystems,":[148],"SMEs":[149],"competitiveness,":[152],"ESG/governance":[153],"internationalisation.":[155],"Notably,":[156],"AI":[157],"has":[158,209],"come":[159],"into":[160],"view":[161],"as":[162],"part":[163],"wider":[166],"investigated.":[169],"Originality/value":[170],"study":[172],"incorporates":[173],"journal\u2019s":[175],"history,":[176],"knowledge":[177],"dissemination,":[178],"current":[179],"recently":[183],"papers":[185],"that":[186],"are":[187],"structurally":[188],"transformative,":[189],"all":[190],"same":[193],"journal-level":[194],"historical":[195],"perspective,":[196],"providing":[197],"four-era":[199],"description":[200],"how":[202],"evolved":[210],"over":[211],"time.":[212]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2026-11-04T00:00:00"}
