{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225129368","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/slp2.70065","title":"Sleep\u2010digital phenotypes among undergraduate medical students: A latent class and symptom\u2010network analysis","display_name":"Sleep\u2010digital phenotypes among undergraduate medical students: A latent class and symptom\u2010network analysis","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225129368","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/slp2.70065"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/slp2.70065","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/slp2.70065","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/slp2.70065","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/slp2.70065","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4404663401","display_name":"Sleep research.","issn_l":"2994-4147","issn":["2994-4147","2994-4155"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","oarl"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sleep Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/slp2.70065","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5143961376","display_name":"Preethi Ashok Masali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8996-0027","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8996-0027"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Preethi Ashok Masali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Community Medicine Shridevi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Hospital  Tumakuru Karnataka India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8996-0027","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Community Medicine Shridevi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Hospital  Tumakuru Karnataka India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020806805","display_name":"H. S. Siddalingaiah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4771-8285","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4771-8285"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"H. S. Siddalingaiah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Community Medicine Shridevi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Hospital  Tumakuru Karnataka India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4771-8285","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Community Medicine Shridevi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Hospital  Tumakuru Karnataka India","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5020806805"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89551636,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10316","display_name":"Sleep and related disorders","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10316","display_name":"Sleep and related disorders","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10355","display_name":"Impact of Technology on Adolescents","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11373","display_name":"Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-students","display_name":"medical students","score":0.8330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smartphone-use","display_name":"smartphone use","score":0.7590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sleep-quality","display_name":"sleep quality","score":0.7089999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/excessive-daytime-sleepiness","display_name":"excessive daytime sleepiness","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sleep-hygiene","display_name":"sleep hygiene","score":0.722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perceived-stress","display_name":"perceived stress","score":0.7519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mood","display_name":"mood","score":0.878000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/academic-achievement","display_name":"academic performance","score":0.5989999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/symptom-networks","display_name":"symptom networks","score":0.5669999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latent-classes","display_name":"latent classes","score":0.5920000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pre-sleep-arousal","display_name":"pre-sleep arousal","score":0.8389999866485596}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778537899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254034","display_name":"Bedtime","level":2,"score":0.7342000007629395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6147000193595886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70727504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1806878","display_name":"Latent class model","level":2,"score":0.566100001335144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780733359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q331769","display_name":"Mood","level":2,"score":0.5497999787330627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.5425999760627747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775841894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4683692","display_name":"Sleep (system call)","level":2,"score":0.4772999882698059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780665704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959298","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","level":2,"score":0.39629998803138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781433485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3144201","display_name":"Excessive daytime sleepiness","level":4,"score":0.3725000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36951298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q379784","display_name":"Arousal","level":2,"score":0.3671000003814697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1513209611","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177190","display_name":"Sleep disorder","level":3,"score":0.3601999878883362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21036866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181767","display_name":"Stress (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.35179999470710754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776035688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1606558","display_name":"Affect (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.32899999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778664715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1347756","display_name":"Epworth Sleepiness Scale","level":4,"score":0.3125999867916107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53059260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q374758","display_name":"Multilevel model","level":2,"score":0.30169999599456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.2827000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.2816999852657318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778707766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202064","display_name":"Phone","level":2,"score":0.2809999883174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910364982","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35831","display_name":"Sleep Stages","level":4,"score":0.2687000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777589236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34255","display_name":"Boredom","level":2,"score":0.2680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548259974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569965","display_name":"Audiology","level":1,"score":0.26589998602867126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142853389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744778","display_name":"Association (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.2624000012874603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22156102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5341294","display_name":"Educational measurement","level":3,"score":0.2581000030040741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38180746","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1952580","display_name":"Multivariate analysis","level":2,"score":0.2581000030040741}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/slp2.70065","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/slp2.70065","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/slp2.70065","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/slp2.70065","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4404663401","display_name":"Sleep research.","issn_l":"2994-4147","issn":["2994-4147","2994-4155"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","oarl"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sleep Research","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/slp2.70065","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/slp2.70065","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/slp2.70065","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/slp2.70065","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4404663401","display_name":"Sleep research.","issn_l":"2994-4147","issn":["2994-4147","2994-4155"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","oarl"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sleep Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9537000060081482},{"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.4156000018119812}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225129368.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225129368.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W197066864","https://openalex.org/W2044579390","https://openalex.org/W2075440541","https://openalex.org/W2090330784","https://openalex.org/W2132555912","https://openalex.org/W2187195039","https://openalex.org/W2295598076","https://openalex.org/W2462099493","https://openalex.org/W2801359717","https://openalex.org/W2903698441","https://openalex.org/W3032942076","https://openalex.org/W4282928051","https://openalex.org/W4388526554","https://openalex.org/W4412376510"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7222871393","https://openalex.org/W7163210639","https://openalex.org/W7213670465","https://openalex.org/W2800333277","https://openalex.org/W4415341286","https://openalex.org/W3211045799","https://openalex.org/W4308535265","https://openalex.org/W4312937662","https://openalex.org/W3152679019","https://openalex.org/W2884288824"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Background":[1],"Studies":[2],"of":[3,60,70,163,186],"student":[4],"smartphone":[5],"use":[6,166],"usually":[7],"treat":[8],"screen":[9,197],"time":[10],"as":[11,209],"one":[12,153],"linear":[13],"risk":[14],"factor":[15],"and":[16,24,45,55,79,94,107,126,140,188,193,205],"dichotomise":[17],"sleep":[18,38,41,173],"quality,":[19,39],"hiding":[20],"how":[21],"symptoms":[22,204],"cluster":[23],"connect.":[25],"Methods":[26],"In":[27],"a":[28,87,183],"cross\u2010sectional":[29],"survey,":[30],"354":[31],"undergraduate":[32],"medical":[33],"students":[34],"in":[35,100,104,157],"India":[36],"reported":[37],"sleepiness,":[40,58],"hygiene,":[42],"stress,":[43,194],"mood":[44],"digital":[46],"habits.":[47],"Latent":[48],"classes":[49,85,116],"were":[50,130],"validated":[51],"against":[52],"examination":[53],"percentage":[54],"excessive":[56,108],"daytime":[57,109],"neither":[59],"which":[61],"was":[62,167],"used":[63],"for":[64],"derivation.":[65],"A":[66,179],"regularised":[67],"partial\u2010correlation":[68],"network":[69],"39":[71],"items":[72],"located":[73],"cross\u2010domain":[74],"bridge":[75],"symptoms,":[76],"with":[77,171],"stability":[78],"domain\u2010definition":[80],"sensitivity":[81],"analyses.":[82],"Results":[83],"Three":[84],"formed":[86],"severity":[88],"gradient:":[89],"low\u2010burden":[90,105],"(36.2%),":[91],"intermediate\u2010burden":[92],"(48.0%)":[93],"high\u2010burden":[95,101,180],"(15.8%).":[96],"Examination":[97],"scores":[98],"(64.4%":[99],"vs.":[102,112],"68.0%":[103],"students)":[106],"sleepiness":[110,187],"(33.9%":[111],"10.9%)":[113],"differed":[114],"across":[115],"(":[117],"p":[118,121,175],"=":[119,176],"0.003;":[120],"<":[122],"0.001).":[123],"The":[124,161],"strongest":[125],"most":[127,152,201],"stable":[128],"bridges":[129],"heavy":[131],"exercise":[132],"near":[133],"bedtime,":[134],"low":[135],"mood,":[136],"difficulty":[137],"falling":[138],"asleep":[139],"perceived":[141],"stress":[142],"(bootstrap":[143],"top\u201010":[144],"retention":[145],"93%\u201399%).":[146],"Under":[147],"five":[148],"domain":[149],"definitions,":[150],"at":[151],"digital\u2010habit":[154],"item":[155],"ranked":[156],"the":[158,200],"top":[159],"10.":[160],"purpose":[162],"bedtime":[164],"phone":[165],"not":[168],"significantly":[169],"associated":[170],"poor":[172],"(adjusted":[174],"0.90).":[177],"Conclusions":[178],"minority":[181],"carries":[182],"disproportionate":[184],"share":[185],"academic":[189],"impairment.":[190],"Pre\u2010sleep":[191],"arousal":[192],"rather":[195],"than":[196],"exposure,":[198],"are":[199],"strongly":[202],"connected":[203],"merit":[206],"longitudinal":[207],"testing":[208],"intervention":[210],"targets.":[211]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-05T12:25:35.769452","created_date":"2026-11-03T00:00:00"}