{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225127807","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.6c02981","title":"ZrO2-Embedded Crosslinked Poly(aryl piperidinium) Membranes with Enhanced Mechanical and Alkaline Stability for Anion Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzers","display_name":"ZrO2-Embedded Crosslinked Poly(aryl piperidinium) Membranes with Enhanced Mechanical and Alkaline Stability for Anion Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzers","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225127807","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.6c02981"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1021/acsaem.6c02981","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.6c02981","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.6c02981","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210188958","display_name":"ACS Applied Energy Materials","issn_l":"2574-0962","issn":["2574-0962"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACS Applied Energy Materials","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084856109","display_name":"Mehdihasan I. Shekh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8214-6665","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8214-6665"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mehdihasan I. Shekh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shenzhen Wenshi Hydrogen Energy Technology Co. Ltd , , ,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8214-6665","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Wenshi Hydrogen Energy Technology Co. Ltd , , ,","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5132686329","display_name":"Hong Ren","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hong Ren","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shenzhen Wenshi Hydrogen Energy Technology Co. Ltd , , ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Wenshi Hydrogen Energy Technology Co. Ltd , , ,","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160352352","display_name":"Angelia Jia","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Angelia Jia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northfield Mount Hermon School , , ,","Shenzhen Wenshi Hydrogen Energy Technology Co. Ltd , , ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northfield Mount Hermon School , , ,","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Wenshi Hydrogen Energy Technology Co. Ltd , , ,","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5153415583","display_name":"Shuzhen Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1298-0188","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1298-0188"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuzhen Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shenzhen Wenshi Hydrogen Energy Technology Co. Ltd , , ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Wenshi Hydrogen Energy Technology Co. Ltd , , ,","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113219770","display_name":"Wenhao Deng","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenhao Deng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shenzhen Wenshi Hydrogen Energy Technology Co. Ltd , , ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Wenshi Hydrogen Energy Technology Co. Ltd , , ,","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5153474749","display_name":"Ju Cao","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ju Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shenzhen Wenshi Hydrogen Energy Technology Co. Ltd , , ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Wenshi Hydrogen Energy Technology Co. Ltd , , ,","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015402267","display_name":"Peinong Xing","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peinong Xing","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shenzhen Wenshi Hydrogen Energy Technology Co. Ltd , , ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Wenshi Hydrogen Energy Technology Co. Ltd , , ,","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160353299","display_name":"Li Jia","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Jia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shenzhen Wenshi Hydrogen Energy Technology Co. Ltd , , ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Wenshi Hydrogen Energy Technology Co. Ltd , , ,","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160329497","display_name":"Baochun Zhang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Baochun Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shenzhen Wenshi Hydrogen Energy Technology Co. Ltd , , ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Wenshi Hydrogen Energy Technology Co. Ltd , , ,","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5084856109","https://openalex.org/A5160329497"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74372857,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10409","display_name":"Fuel Cells and Related Materials","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10409","display_name":"Fuel Cells and Related Materials","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12074","display_name":"Membrane-based Ion Separation Techniques","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11690","display_name":"Aqueous and Flow Batteries","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anion-exchange-membranes","display_name":"anion exchange membranes","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-electrolyzer","display_name":"water electrolyzer","score":0.6869999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polymer-networks","display_name":"polymer networks","score":0.781000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/friedel-crafts-alkylation","display_name":"Friedel-Crafts alkylation","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ionic-conductivity","display_name":"ionic conductivity","score":0.7630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alkaline-stability","display_name":"alkaline stability","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-strength","display_name":"mechanical strength","score":0.7879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hofmann-elimination","display_name":"Hofmann elimination","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxidative-degradation","display_name":"oxidative degradation","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrogen-production","display_name":"hydrogen production","score":0.6970000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/membrane-durability","display_name":"membrane durability","score":0.48100000619888306}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41625074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176088","display_name":"Membrane","level":2,"score":0.7961000204086304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.6830000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117760992","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q389137","display_name":"Ion exchange","level":3,"score":0.5605000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.5327000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2182769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62500","display_name":"Ionic bonding","level":3,"score":0.5109000205993652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779679103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5251805","display_name":"Degradation (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.46230000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778540859","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152234","display_name":"Swelling","level":2,"score":0.4311999976634979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179104552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11165","display_name":"Inorganic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.4300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68801617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162908","display_name":"Electrolyte","level":3,"score":0.4185999929904938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138679309","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6063658","display_name":"Ionic conductivity","level":4,"score":0.38510000705718994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779710395","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899342","display_name":"Alkaline fuel cell","level":4,"score":0.3675999939441681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187428577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898396","display_name":"Ionic strength","level":3,"score":0.3546000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3044715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3952437","display_name":"Bond cleavage","level":3,"score":0.35280001163482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186399102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q903517","display_name":"Chemical stability","level":2,"score":0.3481000065803528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188027245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750446","display_name":"Polymer chemistry","level":1,"score":0.34709998965263367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145148216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36496","display_name":"Ion","level":2,"score":0.3280999958515167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512968161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q556","display_name":"Hydrogen","level":2,"score":0.3027999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C534791751","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1038","display_name":"Zirconium","level":2,"score":0.3027999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518104683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q880","display_name":"Platinum","level":3,"score":0.2955000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161790260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82264","display_name":"Catalysis","level":2,"score":0.27639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198091228","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19557","display_name":"Alkali metal","level":2,"score":0.26989999413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132319479","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899619","display_name":"Proton exchange membrane fuel cell","level":3,"score":0.2646999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C515602321","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740","display_name":"Cobalt","level":2,"score":0.25690001249313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175156509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1990218","display_name":"Cleavage (geology)","level":3,"score":0.2513999938964844}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1021/acsaem.6c02981","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.6c02981","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.6c02981","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210188958","display_name":"ACS Applied Energy Materials","issn_l":"2574-0962","issn":["2574-0962"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACS Applied Energy Materials","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","score":0.6618000268936157},{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.5690000057220459}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2039189067","https://openalex.org/W2062204010","https://openalex.org/W2156975615","https://openalex.org/W2316272736","https://openalex.org/W2460220599","https://openalex.org/W2757351473","https://openalex.org/W2767670999","https://openalex.org/W2769871000","https://openalex.org/W2790408588","https://openalex.org/W2800533726","https://openalex.org/W2808079782","https://openalex.org/W2913644280","https://openalex.org/W2929993131","https://openalex.org/W2987132570","https://openalex.org/W3048102274","https://openalex.org/W3106818033","https://openalex.org/W3113915630","https://openalex.org/W4206822865","https://openalex.org/W4224303757","https://openalex.org/W4285171390","https://openalex.org/W4311314577","https://openalex.org/W4361208560","https://openalex.org/W4366747984","https://openalex.org/W4376226389","https://openalex.org/W4382278184","https://openalex.org/W4384830506","https://openalex.org/W4385818649","https://openalex.org/W4387082675","https://openalex.org/W4387271057","https://openalex.org/W4390579928","https://openalex.org/W4392191616","https://openalex.org/W4393282662","https://openalex.org/W4398779459","https://openalex.org/W4399490665","https://openalex.org/W4401579986","https://openalex.org/W4402032881","https://openalex.org/W4402046077","https://openalex.org/W4404587035","https://openalex.org/W4404768728","https://openalex.org/W4407379170","https://openalex.org/W4408521494","https://openalex.org/W4412476005","https://openalex.org/W4413276177","https://openalex.org/W4413424939","https://openalex.org/W4413427141","https://openalex.org/W4414653373","https://openalex.org/W4416643076","https://openalex.org/W4416919139","https://openalex.org/W7128011813","https://openalex.org/W7133343522","https://openalex.org/W7161565421","https://openalex.org/W7161736449","https://openalex.org/W7162465717","https://openalex.org/W7164011991"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4416938211","https://openalex.org/W7135022386","https://openalex.org/W4409312119","https://openalex.org/W4415401682","https://openalex.org/W4411299666","https://openalex.org/W7203646862","https://openalex.org/W4393282662","https://openalex.org/W4402589447","https://openalex.org/W4401579880","https://openalex.org/W4415752068"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Developing":[1],"high-performance":[2],"anion":[3],"exchange":[4],"membranes":[5],"(AEMs)":[6],"for":[7,13,119,189],"water":[8,101],"electrolyzers":[9],"(AEMWEs)":[10],"is":[11,184],"essential":[12],"low-cost,":[14],"carbon-free":[15],"hydrogen":[16],"production.":[17],"However,":[18],"current":[19],"AEMs":[20,47,97,192],"are":[21],"often":[22],"limited":[23],"by":[24,48],"poor":[25],"alkaline":[26,155],"stability":[27,40],"and":[28,34,74,86,108,114,162,169],"a":[29,123,185],"trade-off":[30],"between":[31],"mechanical":[32],"strength":[33],"ionic":[35,110],"conductivity,":[36],"restricting":[37],"the":[38,56,132],"long-term":[39],"of":[41,51,58,127,139],"AEMWEs.":[42],"Here,":[43],"we":[44],"develop":[45],"robust":[46],"combining":[49,178],"crosslinking":[50,180],"poly(aryl":[52],"piperidine)":[53],"(PAP)":[54],"with":[55,82,88,122,181],"incorporation":[57],"nano":[59,89],"zirconium":[60],"dioxide":[61],"(ZrO2)":[62],"particles.":[63],"The":[64,92],"PAP":[65,96],"backbone":[66],"was":[67],"synthesized":[68],"from":[69],"N-methyl":[70],"piperidone,":[71],"terphenyl,":[72],"biphenyl,":[73],"1,1,1-trifluoroacetophenone":[75],"via":[76,159],"superacid-catalyzed":[77],"Friedel\u2013Crafts":[78],"alkylation,":[79],"then":[80],"crosslinked":[81,95],"1,3,5-benzenetricarbonyl":[83],"trichloride":[84],"(0.5\u201310%)":[85],"loaded":[87],"ZrO2":[90,182],"(0.5\u20135%).":[91],"resulting":[93],"nano-ZrO2-doped":[94],"(Zr@CPAPs)":[98],"show":[99,176],"low":[100,104],"uptake":[102],"(<40%),":[103],"swelling":[105],"ratio":[106],"(<12%),":[107],"high":[109],"conductivity":[111],"(120":[112],"mS/cm)":[113],"sustain":[115],"stable":[116],"AEMWE":[117,196],"operation":[118],"1500":[120],"h":[121],"voltage":[124],"decay":[125,147],"rate":[126],"only":[128],"\u223c0.053":[129],"mV/h,":[130],"outperforming":[131],"non-crosslinked,":[133],"undoped":[134],"membrane.":[135],"A":[136],"PPS-supported":[137],"membrane":[138],"1Zr@7CPAP-80":[140],"showed":[141],"comparable":[142],"durability,":[143],"sustaining":[144],"0.076":[145],"mV/h":[146],"over":[148],"an":[149],"extended":[150],"2000-hour":[151],"period.":[152],"Degradation":[153],"under":[154],"conditions":[156],"proceeds":[157],"mainly":[158],"oxidative":[160],"degradation":[161],"Hofmann":[163],"elimination,":[164],"involving":[165],"C\u2013N":[166],"bond":[167],"cleavage":[168],"alkene":[170],"byproduct":[171],"formation.":[172],"Together,":[173],"these":[174],"results":[175],"that":[177],"rigid":[179],"doping":[183],"robust,":[186],"substrate-adaptable":[187],"strategy":[188],"durable,":[190],"low-voltage-decay":[191],"suited":[193],"to":[194],"practical":[195],"applications.":[197]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-11-03T00:00:00"}
