{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225119371","doi":"https://doi.org/10.36342/r0yr4s37","title":"Design of a Web-Based Course Conversion System Using OCR and Gemini AI","display_name":"Design of a Web-Based Course Conversion System Using OCR and Gemini AI","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225119371","doi":"https://doi.org/10.36342/r0yr4s37"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.36342/r0yr4s37","doi":"https://doi.org/10.36342/r0yr4s37","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.36342/r0yr4s37","pdf_url":"https://jurnal.unai.edu/teika/article/download/4833/2874","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219025","display_name":"TeIKa Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi","issn_l":"1979-6439","issn":["1979-6439","2338-5979"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I3129423618","host_organization_name":"Universitas Advent Indonesia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3129423618"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"TeIKa","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://jurnal.unai.edu/teika/article/download/4833/2874","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160343748","display_name":"Andrew Jonathan Jordy Simbolon","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3129423618","display_name":"Universitas Advent Indonesia","ror":"https://ror.org/01ymejj86","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3129423618"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew Jonathan Jordy Simbolon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fakultas Teknologi Informasi Universitas Advent Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fakultas Teknologi Informasi Universitas Advent Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3129423618"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080930640","display_name":"Jay Idoan Sihotang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1052-3764","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1052-3764"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3129423618","display_name":"Universitas Advent Indonesia","ror":"https://ror.org/01ymejj86","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3129423618"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jay Idoan Sihotang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fakultas Teknologi Informasi Universitas Advent Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1052-3764","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fakultas Teknologi Informasi Universitas Advent Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3129423618"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3129423618"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91058589,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"2","first_page":"94","last_page":"105"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13681","display_name":"Engineering and Information Technology","score":0.5400000214576721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13681","display_name":"Engineering and Information Technology","score":0.5400000214576721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.29490000009536743,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12734","display_name":"Information Systems and Technology Applications","score":0.08669999986886978,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-character-recognition","display_name":"optical character recognition","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gemini-ai","display_name":"Gemini AI","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automatic-data-extraction","display_name":"automated data extraction","score":0.6380000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-application","display_name":"web application","score":0.718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digitalization-of-higher-education","display_name":"digitalization of higher education","score":0.6190000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-verification","display_name":"data verification","score":0.4230000078678131}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7504000067710876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C546480517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167555","display_name":"Optical character recognition","level":3,"score":0.5404000282287598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1232282","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1783551","display_name":"Data conversion","level":2,"score":0.5138000249862671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777552389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1962728","display_name":"Course (navigation)","level":2,"score":0.4729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4643999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16910744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7705759","display_name":"Test data","level":2,"score":0.4244000017642975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780233690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535347","display_name":"Transparency (behavior)","level":2,"score":0.3917999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777466982","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5227287","display_name":"Data extraction","level":3,"score":0.36719998717308044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.3635999858379364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3594000041484833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133462117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4929239","display_name":"Data collection","level":2,"score":0.34220001101493835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3407000005245209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.3314000070095062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7166840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1199682","display_name":"System testing","level":2,"score":0.32760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.31709998846054077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.30809998512268066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985331491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5227298","display_name":"Data format","level":2,"score":0.3010999858379364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31352089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3750474","display_name":"Systems design","level":2,"score":0.2994000017642975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138827492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6661985","display_name":"Data processing","level":2,"score":0.2994000017642975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.2969000041484833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103088060","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062839","display_name":"Error detection and correction","level":2,"score":0.29170000553131104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.2824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.274399995803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199639397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1788588","display_name":"Engineering drawing","level":1,"score":0.2671999931335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778864079","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173285","display_name":"Digital data","level":3,"score":0.2662000060081482}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.36342/r0yr4s37","doi":"https://doi.org/10.36342/r0yr4s37","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.36342/r0yr4s37","pdf_url":"https://jurnal.unai.edu/teika/article/download/4833/2874","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219025","display_name":"TeIKa Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi","issn_l":"1979-6439","issn":["1979-6439","2338-5979"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I3129423618","host_organization_name":"Universitas Advent Indonesia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3129423618"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"TeIKa","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.36342/r0yr4s37","doi":"https://doi.org/10.36342/r0yr4s37","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.36342/r0yr4s37","pdf_url":"https://jurnal.unai.edu/teika/article/download/4833/2874","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219025","display_name":"TeIKa Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi","issn_l":"1979-6439","issn":["1979-6439","2338-5979"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I3129423618","host_organization_name":"Universitas Advent Indonesia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3129423618"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"TeIKa","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.6164000034332275},{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.4943999946117401}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225119371.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225119371.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2808444301","https://openalex.org/W3012398143","https://openalex.org/W4312142804","https://openalex.org/W4390041933","https://openalex.org/W4391918942","https://openalex.org/W4417226674"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4412975769","https://openalex.org/W7171413497","https://openalex.org/W4401194309","https://openalex.org/W7218796337","https://openalex.org/W7118593911","https://openalex.org/W7155195192","https://openalex.org/W7160316989","https://openalex.org/W4236254698","https://openalex.org/W7116944380","https://openalex.org/W7164843403"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"the":[1,21,84,124,131,165,172,176,186,191,201],"era":[2],"of":[3,23,42,83,147,158,167,196],"digital":[4,116,192],"transformation,":[5],"academic":[6,70,139],"services":[7],"are":[8],"required":[9],"to":[10,48,65,130],"be":[11,30,206],"managed":[12],"quickly,":[13],"accurately,":[14],"and":[15,39,50,62,90,101,115,194],"in":[16,145,164,175],"an":[17,155],"integrated":[18],"manner.":[19],"However,":[20],"process":[22],"submitting":[24],"course":[25,54,169,197],"conversion":[26,55,198],"requests":[27],"may":[28],"still":[29,205],"conducted":[31],"manually,":[32],"potentially":[33],"causing":[34],"recording":[35],"errors,":[36],"processing":[37],"delays,":[38],"limited":[40],"transparency":[41],"request":[43],"status.":[44],"This":[45],"research":[46],"aims":[47],"design":[49],"develop":[51],"a":[52],"web-based":[53],"system":[56,94,126,188],"utilizing":[57],"Optical":[58],"Character":[59],"Recognition":[60],"(OCR)":[61],"Gemini":[63],"AI":[64],"automatically":[66],"extract":[67],"data":[68,111,149,174,203],"from":[69],"transcript":[71,108,140],"documents.":[72],"The":[73,93],"development":[74],"method":[75],"used":[76],"is":[77],"Rapid":[78],"Application":[79],"Development":[80],"(RAD),":[81],"consisting":[82],"Requirements":[85],"Planning,":[86],"User":[87],"Design,":[88],"Construction,":[89],"Cutover":[91],"phases.":[92],"was":[95,162],"developed":[96,187],"using":[97],"React,":[98],"TypeScript,":[99],"Supabase,":[100],"PostgreSQL,":[102],"with":[103,154],"features":[104],"including":[105],"online":[106],"submission,":[107],"upload,":[109],"automatic":[110],"extraction,":[112],"multi-level":[113],"verification,":[114],"report":[117],"generation.":[118],"Black":[119],"Box":[120],"Testing":[121],"showed":[122],"that":[123,185],"main":[125],"functions":[127],"operated":[128],"according":[129],"defined":[132],"test":[133],"scenarios.":[134],"OCR":[135],"testing":[136],"on":[137],"one":[138,168],"containing":[141],"seven":[142],"courses":[143],"resulted":[144],"20":[146],"21":[148],"items":[150],"being":[151],"extracted":[152,180,202],"correctly,":[153],"overall":[156],"accuracy":[157],"95.24%.":[159],"An":[160],"error":[161],"found":[163],"extraction":[166],"name,":[170],"while":[171,200],"remaining":[173],"tested":[177],"document":[178],"were":[179],"correctly.":[181],"These":[182],"results":[183],"indicate":[184],"can":[189],"support":[190],"submission":[193],"verification":[195],"requests,":[199],"should":[204],"reviewed":[207],"by":[208],"users.":[209]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-11-03T00:00:00"}