{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225116757","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2026.2002437","title":"Tumor location in the pancreatic body/tail as an independent risk factor for early recurrence after curative resection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a single-center retrospective study","display_name":"Tumor location in the pancreatic body/tail as an independent risk factor for early recurrence after curative resection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a single-center retrospective study","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225116757","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2026.2002437"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fonc.2026.2002437","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2026.2002437","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2026.2002437","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/oncology/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.2002437/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2596394214","display_name":"Frontiers in Oncology","issn_l":"2234-943X","issn":["2234-943X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Oncology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/oncology/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.2002437/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160339187","display_name":"Lei Zhu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lei Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of General Surgery, Panjin Liao-Oil Field Gem Flower Hospital"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of General Surgery, Panjin Liao-Oil Field Gem Flower Hospital","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5150804957","display_name":"Mengxin Luo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mengxin Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Quality Management, Panjin Liao-Oil Field Gem Flower Hospital"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Quality Management, Panjin Liao-Oil Field Gem Flower Hospital","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160350785","display_name":"Hongbin Han","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongbin Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Oncological Surgery, Panjin Liao-Oil Field Gem Flower Hospital"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Oncological Surgery, Panjin Liao-Oil Field Gem Flower Hospital","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160338823","display_name":"Gang Liu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of General Surgery, Panjin Liao-Oil Field Gem Flower Hospital"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of General Surgery, Panjin Liao-Oil Field Gem Flower Hospital","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5150822314","display_name":"Haichun Zhao","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haichun Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of General Surgery, Panjin Liao-Oil Field Gem Flower Hospital"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of General Surgery, Panjin Liao-Oil Field Gem Flower Hospital","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5160339187"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"apc_paid":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82141196,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10231","display_name":"Pancreatic and Hepatic Oncology Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10231","display_name":"Pancreatic and Hepatic Oncology Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11364","display_name":"Cholangiocarcinoma and Gallbladder Cancer Studies","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10696","display_name":"Gastric Cancer Management and Outcomes","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pancreatic-ductal-adenocarcinoma","display_name":"pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tumor-location","display_name":"tumor location","score":0.7919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-recurrence","display_name":"early recurrence","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pancreatectomy","display_name":"pancreatic resection","score":0.8920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-factors","display_name":"risk factors","score":0.6570000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ca19-9","display_name":"CA19-9","score":0.9470000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tumor-size","display_name":"tumor size","score":0.718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tnm-stage","display_name":"TNM stage","score":0.9229999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adjuvant-chemotherapy","display_name":"adjuvant chemotherapy","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/r0-resection","display_name":"R0 resection","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overall-survival","display_name":"overall survival","score":0.8830000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-organ-metastasis","display_name":"multiple organ metastasis","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recurrence-patterns","display_name":"recurrence patterns","score":0.49000000953674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prognosis","display_name":"prognosis","score":0.3720000088214874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/individualized-treatment-decision-making","display_name":"individualized treatment decision-making","score":0.6359999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinicopathological-features","display_name":"clinicopathological features","score":0.578000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/postoperative-follow-up","display_name":"postoperative follow-up","score":0.4399999976158142}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.917900025844574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167135981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2146302","display_name":"Retrospective cohort study","level":2,"score":0.6608999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31174226","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q64855140","display_name":"Perioperative","level":2,"score":0.6471999883651733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156957248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1862216","display_name":"Odds ratio","level":2,"score":0.6355000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151956035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132755","display_name":"Logistic regression","level":2,"score":0.6327000260353088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.5593000054359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778494859","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3361964","display_name":"Pancreatectomy","level":3,"score":0.5432000160217285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992026798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212961","display_name":"Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma","level":4,"score":0.5253000259399414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.47760000824928284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143998085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162555","display_name":"Oncology","level":1,"score":0.4359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50382708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223218","display_name":"Proportional hazards model","level":2,"score":0.43059998750686646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779013556","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181876","display_name":"Metastasis","level":3,"score":0.4171000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50440223","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1475848","display_name":"Risk factor","level":2,"score":0.4140999913215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146357865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1123245","display_name":"Stage (stratigraphy)","level":2,"score":0.3824000060558319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781182431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q356033","display_name":"Adenocarcinoma","level":3,"score":0.37119999527931213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780210213","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212961","display_name":"Pancreatic cancer","level":3,"score":0.35040000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780283643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2110267","display_name":"Primary tumor","level":4,"score":0.33899998664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90924648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120569","display_name":"Gastroenterology","level":1,"score":0.33809998631477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.328000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17078201","display_name":"Resection","level":2,"score":0.3160000145435333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019894029","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q332823","display_name":"Overall survival","level":2,"score":0.29910001158714294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777982462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2481887","display_name":"Adjuvant therapy","level":3,"score":0.29089999198913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776283816","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q332823","display_name":"Survival rate","level":2,"score":0.2881999909877777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10515644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q543310","display_name":"Survival analysis","level":2,"score":0.28519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38180746","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1952580","display_name":"Multivariate analysis","level":2,"score":0.28439998626708984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.27869999408721924}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fonc.2026.2002437","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2026.2002437","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2026.2002437","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/oncology/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.2002437/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2596394214","display_name":"Frontiers in Oncology","issn_l":"2234-943X","issn":["2234-943X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Oncology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:1434e59c40304d799ad074283695acfd","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/1434e59c40304d799ad074283695acfd","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Oncology, Vol 16 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fonc.2026.2002437","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2026.2002437","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2026.2002437","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/oncology/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.2002437/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2596394214","display_name":"Frontiers in Oncology","issn_l":"2234-943X","issn":["2234-943X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Oncology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225116757.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225116757.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965613536","https://openalex.org/W1975588853","https://openalex.org/W2029240267","https://openalex.org/W2188639600","https://openalex.org/W2573152477","https://openalex.org/W2752397106","https://openalex.org/W2784433219","https://openalex.org/W2801588121","https://openalex.org/W2932498431","https://openalex.org/W2970859816","https://openalex.org/W2992154352","https://openalex.org/W3160368918","https://openalex.org/W3203223855","https://openalex.org/W3212799400","https://openalex.org/W4210426142","https://openalex.org/W4290805629","https://openalex.org/W4302774660","https://openalex.org/W4316174652","https://openalex.org/W4386120984","https://openalex.org/W4392616733","https://openalex.org/W4393935425","https://openalex.org/W4406309459","https://openalex.org/W4406431707","https://openalex.org/W4409191632","https://openalex.org/W4414862015","https://openalex.org/W7125380868"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4414862015","https://openalex.org/W4386120984","https://openalex.org/W3176388267","https://openalex.org/W2800265357","https://openalex.org/W4297837922","https://openalex.org/W4226353353","https://openalex.org/W2801588121","https://openalex.org/W7167843016","https://openalex.org/W7023919633","https://openalex.org/W3160368918"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background":[0],"Early":[1],"recurrence":[2,22,44,93,97,179,184,199,226,257,304,325],"after":[3,45,101,329],"radical":[4],"resection":[5,156],"of":[6,15,20,54,126,206,255,295,377],"pancreatic":[7,162],"ductal":[8],"adenocarcinoma":[9],"(PDAC)":[10],"is":[11,357],"a":[12,202,378],"primary":[13],"cause":[14],"poor":[16],"prognosis.":[17],"Published":[18],"definitions":[19],"early":[21,43,92,127,198,256,324],"use":[23],"postoperative":[24,136,274,287,296,335],"cutoff":[25],"points":[26],"ranging":[27],"from":[28,65],"6":[29,99,181,306,327],"to":[30,36,57,110,122],"12":[31],"months.":[32],"This":[33,355],"study":[34],"aimed":[35],"analyze":[37],"perioperative":[38],"clinicopathological":[39],"features":[40],"associated":[41,322],"with":[42,48,68,105,141,323],"PDAC":[46,69,331],"surgery,":[47],"particular":[49],"focus":[50],"on":[51,286],"the":[52,242,273,334,345],"impact":[53],"tumor":[55,234,278,280,319,364],"location,":[56,279],"facilitate":[58],"individualized":[59],"treatment":[60],"decisions.":[61],"Methods":[62],"Clinical":[63],"data":[64],"155":[66,174],"patients":[67],"who":[70],"underwent":[71],"pancreatectomy":[72],"at":[73],"Panjin":[74],"Liao-Oil":[75],"Field":[76],"Gem":[77],"Flower":[78],"Hospital":[79],"between":[80,233],"January":[81],"2011":[82],"and":[83,133,191,213,293,348,359],"December":[84],"2020":[85],"were":[86,120,146,231,299],"retrospectively":[87],"analyzed.":[88],"In":[89,241,272,313],"this":[90,314],"study,":[91],"was":[94,108,158,251,264,321,340],"defined":[95],"as":[96,374],"within":[98,180,305,326],"months":[100,182,307,328],"surgery.":[102],"Kaplan-Meier":[103],"method":[104],"log-rank":[106],"test":[107],"used":[109],"evaluate":[111],"survival":[112,217,230],"outcomes.":[113],"Two":[114],"separate":[115],"multivariable":[116,244,275,336],"logistic":[117,150],"regression":[118,151],"models":[119],"constructed":[121],"identify":[123],"independent":[124,253,300],"predictors":[125],"recurrence:":[128],"one":[129,134,375],"including":[130,135],"preoperative":[131,243,346,367,379],"variables":[132],"variables.":[137],"Odds":[138],"ratios":[139],"(ORs)":[140],"95%":[142],"confidence":[143],"intervals":[144],"(CIs)":[145],"reported":[147],"for":[148,161,166,303],"these":[149],"models.":[152],"Results":[153],"The":[154,197],"R0":[155],"rate":[157],"significantly":[159,203,214,351],"higher":[160,204],"body/tail":[163,262,277,318],"tumors":[164,168],"than":[165],"head/neck":[167],"(":[169,209,218,237,258,268,308],"P":[170,210,219,238,259,269,309],"=":[171,211,260,270],"0.040).":[172],"Among":[173],"patients,":[175],"55":[176],"(35.5%)":[177],"developed":[178],"(early":[183],"group),":[185],"78":[186],"(50.3%)":[187],"had":[188,201],"non-early":[189],"recurrence,":[190],"22":[192],"(14.2%)":[193],"showed":[194],"no":[195],"recurrence.":[196],"group":[200],"proportion":[205],"multiple-organ":[207],"metastasis":[208],"0.019)":[212],"shorter":[215],"overall":[216,229,353],"<":[220,310],"0.001).":[221],"No":[222],"significant":[223,267,343],"differences":[224],"in":[225,333,344],"patterns":[227],"or":[228],"observed":[232],"location":[235,263,320,365],"subgroups":[236],">":[239],"0.05).":[240,311],"model,":[245,276,337],"only":[246],"CA19-9":[247],"\u2265":[248,282],"208":[249],"IU/mL":[250],"an":[252],"predictor":[254],"0.021);":[261],"not":[265,341,350],"statistically":[266],"0.123).":[271],"size":[281],"3.3":[283],"cm":[284],"(based":[285],"pathological":[288],"measurement),":[289],"TNM":[290],"stage":[291],"III,":[292],"lack":[294],"adjuvant":[297],"chemotherapy":[298],"risk":[301,368,380],"factors":[302],"Conclusions":[312],"single-center":[315],"retrospective":[316],"cohort,":[317],"curative-intent":[330],"surgery":[332],"but":[338],"it":[339],"independently":[342],"model":[347],"did":[349],"affect":[352],"survival.":[354],"finding":[356],"hypothesis-generating":[358],"requires":[360],"external":[361],"validation.":[362],"Incorporating":[363],"into":[366],"stratification":[369],"may":[370],"warrant":[371],"prospective":[372],"evaluation":[373],"component":[376],"model.":[381]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-05T12:25:35.769452","created_date":"2026-11-03T00:00:00"}