{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225115455","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-026-05302-4","title":"Cinnamon supplementation in broiler and laying hen diets: benefits, mechanisms, supplementation doses, and limitations - a review","display_name":"Cinnamon supplementation in broiler and laying hen diets: benefits, mechanisms, supplementation doses, and limitations - a review","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225115455","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-026-05302-4","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42970029","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13727906"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11250-026-05302-4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-026-05302-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-026-05302-4","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11250-026-05302-4.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S153189382","display_name":"Tropical Animal Health and Production","issn_l":"0049-4747","issn":["0049-4747","1573-7438"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Tropical Animal Health and Production","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11250-026-05302-4.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014589856","display_name":"Ifeanyi Princewill Ogbuewu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4895-7867","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4895-7867"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16443873","display_name":"Federal University of Technology Owerri","ror":"https://ror.org/05xzf9508","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16443873"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165390105","display_name":"University of South Africa","ror":"https://ror.org/048cwvf49","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165390105"]}],"countries":["NG","ZA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"I. P. Ogbuewu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, University of South Africa, Florida Science Campus, Private Bag X6, Florida, 1710, South Africa. dr.ogbuewu@gmail.com","Department of Animal Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 1526, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria. dr.ogbuewu@gmail.com"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4895-7867","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, University of South Africa, Florida Science Campus, Private Bag X6, Florida, 1710, South Africa. dr.ogbuewu@gmail.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165390105"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Animal Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 1526, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria. dr.ogbuewu@gmail.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16443873"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040156577","display_name":"Christian Anayo Mbajiorgu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6612-7982","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6612-7982"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165390105","display_name":"University of South Africa","ror":"https://ror.org/048cwvf49","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165390105"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. A. Mbajiorgu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, University of South Africa, Florida Science Campus, Private Bag X6, Florida, 1710, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, University of South Africa, Florida Science Campus, Private Bag X6, Florida, 1710, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165390105"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5014589856"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16443873","https://openalex.org/I165390105"],"apc_list":{"value":4090,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4090},"apc_paid":{"value":4090,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4090},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.59756098,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"58","issue":"8","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10152","display_name":"Animal Nutrition and Physiology","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10152","display_name":"Animal Nutrition and Physiology","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10333","display_name":"Meat and Animal Product Quality","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13165","display_name":"Agricultural safety and regulations","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cinnamon","display_name":"cinnamon","score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/herbal-feed-additives","display_name":"herbal feed additives","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/broiler-chickens","display_name":"broiler chickens","score":0.9269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laying-hens","display_name":"laying hens","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cinnamaldehyde","display_name":"cinnamaldehyde","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cinnamon-oil","display_name":"cinnamon essential oil","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/growth-performance","display_name":"growth performance","score":0.9470000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carcass-traits","display_name":"carcass characteristics","score":0.6940000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meat-quality","display_name":"meat quality","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/egg-production","display_name":"egg production","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/egg-quality","display_name":"egg quality","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hatchability","display_name":"hatchability","score":0.9459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heat-stress","display_name":"heat stress","score":0.8199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cecal-microbiota","display_name":"cecal microbiota","score":0.781000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feed-efficiency","display_name":"feed efficiency","score":0.7919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dose-optimization","display_name":"dose optimization","score":0.46799999475479126}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780289900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q326301","display_name":"Broiler","level":2,"score":0.9151999950408936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31903555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637030","display_name":"Food science","level":1,"score":0.6412000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22830521","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q649967","display_name":"Feed conversion ratio","level":3,"score":0.6276999711990356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5877000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780065859","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5441186","display_name":"Feed additive","level":3,"score":0.41760000586509705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778163477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43656","display_name":"Cholesterol","level":2,"score":0.39899998903274536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142796444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181394","display_name":"Nutrient","level":2,"score":0.38519999384880066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147583825","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620876","display_name":"Body weight","level":2,"score":0.34700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509243982","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2836947","display_name":"Animal feed","level":2,"score":0.3400999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777278459","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170885","display_name":"Essential oil","level":2,"score":0.3357999920845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66914385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q861182","display_name":"Poultry farming","level":2,"score":0.3319999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115930662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1689021","display_name":"Shelf life","level":2,"score":0.32510000467300415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140793950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168091","display_name":"Animal science","level":1,"score":0.32170000672340393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778004101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133948","display_name":"Antioxidant","level":2,"score":0.31869998574256897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987418964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q242165","display_name":"Heat stress","level":2,"score":0.2987000048160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150903083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7108","display_name":"Biotechnology","level":1,"score":0.2939999997615814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2911096038","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72480094","display_name":"Garlic Oil","level":2,"score":0.28349998593330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994599422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80962","display_name":"Animal production","level":2,"score":0.259799987077713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195973872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2731253","display_name":"Eggshell","level":2,"score":0.2574000060558319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780320433","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3403879","display_name":"Weight gain","level":3,"score":0.2572999894618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.25200000405311584}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000171","descriptor_name":"Acrolein","qualifier_ui":"Q000031","qualifier_name":"analogs & derivatives","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000821","descriptor_name":"Animal Feed","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000824","descriptor_name":"Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002645","descriptor_name":"Chickens","qualifier_ui":"Q000254","qualifier_name":"growth & development","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002645","descriptor_name":"Chickens","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002935","descriptor_name":"Cinnamomum zeylanicum","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004032","descriptor_name":"Diet","qualifier_ui":"Q000662","qualifier_name":"veterinary","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008460","descriptor_name":"Meat","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009822","descriptor_name":"Oils, Volatile","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019587","descriptor_name":"Dietary Supplements","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11250-026-05302-4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-026-05302-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-026-05302-4","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11250-026-05302-4.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S153189382","display_name":"Tropical Animal Health and Production","issn_l":"0049-4747","issn":["0049-4747","1573-7438"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Tropical Animal Health and Production","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13727906","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13727906/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13727906/pdf/11250_2026_Article_5302.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Trop Anim Health Prod","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:42970029","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42970029","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Tropical animal health and production","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11250-026-05302-4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-026-05302-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-026-05302-4","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11250-026-05302-4.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S153189382","display_name":"Tropical Animal Health and Production","issn_l":"0049-4747","issn":["0049-4747","1573-7438"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Tropical Animal Health and Production","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.991100013256073,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324956","display_name":"University of South Africa","ror":"https://ror.org/048cwvf49"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225115455.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225115455.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":74,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1510283154","https://openalex.org/W1825017729","https://openalex.org/W1940207143","https://openalex.org/W1991076234","https://openalex.org/W2009023353","https://openalex.org/W2043498277","https://openalex.org/W2063089539","https://openalex.org/W2184581456","https://openalex.org/W2216769408","https://openalex.org/W2796017580","https://openalex.org/W2801029519","https://openalex.org/W2884772558","https://openalex.org/W2891731049","https://openalex.org/W2891842264","https://openalex.org/W2896422075","https://openalex.org/W3007924994","https://openalex.org/W3011197540","https://openalex.org/W3011444442","https://openalex.org/W3034551486","https://openalex.org/W3036463803","https://openalex.org/W3082645850","https://openalex.org/W3103189794","https://openalex.org/W3111473950","https://openalex.org/W3113299246","https://openalex.org/W3133519028","https://openalex.org/W3135896176","https://openalex.org/W3196532948","https://openalex.org/W3204535512","https://openalex.org/W3211441557","https://openalex.org/W4200244122","https://openalex.org/W4206394861","https://openalex.org/W4286561739","https://openalex.org/W4293036899","https://openalex.org/W4293182439","https://openalex.org/W4297963007","https://openalex.org/W4311172210","https://openalex.org/W4313127063","https://openalex.org/W4317434349","https://openalex.org/W4319970280","https://openalex.org/W4322772463","https://openalex.org/W4380683364","https://openalex.org/W4387079085","https://openalex.org/W4389342593","https://openalex.org/W4392542243","https://openalex.org/W4396242867","https://openalex.org/W4396690446","https://openalex.org/W4400693674","https://openalex.org/W4401781455","https://openalex.org/W4402233589","https://openalex.org/W4403115900","https://openalex.org/W4404025668","https://openalex.org/W4404460560","https://openalex.org/W4408113156","https://openalex.org/W4408261636","https://openalex.org/W4409954506","https://openalex.org/W4410381038","https://openalex.org/W4411878149","https://openalex.org/W4412422566","https://openalex.org/W4412686821","https://openalex.org/W4413948041","https://openalex.org/W4415143489","https://openalex.org/W4415727853","https://openalex.org/W4415939322","https://openalex.org/W4417085626","https://openalex.org/W4417416679","https://openalex.org/W7117578585","https://openalex.org/W7125373202","https://openalex.org/W7127053758","https://openalex.org/W7128477053","https://openalex.org/W7138835711","https://openalex.org/W7154595486","https://openalex.org/W7161272541","https://openalex.org/W7208805727","https://openalex.org/W7220845456"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2796017580","https://openalex.org/W4399229702","https://openalex.org/W4403115900","https://openalex.org/W2585062804","https://openalex.org/W2009023353","https://openalex.org/W4415143489","https://openalex.org/W7216844491","https://openalex.org/W1987546574","https://openalex.org/W4389342593","https://openalex.org/W4405773090"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cinnamon":[0,65],"and":[1,9,30,47,56,63,91,97,121,134,154,172,225,241,263,289],"its":[2],"derivatives":[3],"(bark":[4],"powder,":[5],"essential":[6,195],"oil,":[7],"extract,":[8],"nanoparticles)":[10],"were":[11,229],"used":[12],"as":[13,272],"phytogenic":[14],"feed":[15,115,255],"additives":[16],"(PFAs)":[17],"in":[18,158,234,275,285,309],"the":[19,40,218],"modern":[20],"poultry":[21,276,311],"industry":[22],"possibly":[23],"due":[24,231],"to":[25,73,109,190,232,302],"their":[26],"antioxidant,":[27],"antimicrobial,":[28],"anti-inflammatory,":[29],"gut-promoting":[31],"properties.":[32],"The":[33],"present":[34],"review":[35],"pools":[36],"recent":[37],"studies":[38,140,298],"on":[39,45,52,223],"effects":[41,219],"of":[42,80,84,88,94,99,188,217,220,246,307],"cinnamon":[43,104,143,168,194,210,221,236,269,308],"supplementation":[44,105,222],"broiler":[46,224],"laying":[48,138,181,226],"hen":[49,227],"performance,":[50,54],"focusing":[51],"growth":[53],"carcass":[55,119],"meat":[57,122,130],"quality,":[58,62,151],"egg":[59,61,145,147,150,159],"production,":[60,146],"hatchability.":[64],"bioactive":[66],"compounds,":[67],"particularly":[68],"cinnamaldehyde,":[69],"has":[70,106],"been":[71,107],"show":[72],"improve":[74,144],"nutrient":[75],"utilization":[76],"through":[77],"multiple":[78],"mechanisms":[79],"action:":[81],"direct":[82],"stimulation":[83],"digestive":[85],"enzymes,":[86],"enhancement":[87],"intestinal":[89],"morphology,":[90],"selective":[92],"suppression":[93],"pathogenic":[95],"bacteria":[96],"proliferation":[98],"non-pathogenic":[100],"bacteria.":[101],"In":[102,137],"broilers,":[103],"indicated":[108],"enhance":[110],"body":[111],"weight":[112],"gain":[113],"(BWG),":[114],"conversion":[116],"efficiency":[117],"(FCE),":[118],"yield,":[120],"quality":[123],"traits,":[124],"including":[125,280],"water":[126],"holding":[127],"capacity":[128],"(WHC),":[129],"tenderness,":[131],"oxidative":[132],"capacity,":[133],"sensory":[135],"attributes.":[136],"hens,":[139,182],"suggest":[141],"that":[142],"mass,":[148],"internal":[149],"shelf":[152],"life,":[153],"reduce":[155,254],"cholesterol":[156],"content":[157],"yolk.":[160],"Supplementation":[161],"doses":[162,245],"are":[163,299],"highly":[164],"form-and":[165],"context-dependent:":[166],"0.2-0.5%":[167],"bark":[169],"powder":[170],"(CBP)":[171],"0.2-0.4%":[173],"extract":[174],"for":[175],"broilers":[176],"under":[177],"thermoneutral":[178],"conditions.":[179,243],"For":[180],"evidence":[183],"suggests":[184],"an":[185],"effective":[186],"range":[187],"0.75%":[189],"1.0%":[191],"CBP,":[192],"while":[193],"oil":[196],"(CEO)":[197],"level":[198],"remain":[199],"less":[200],"defined.":[201],"Under":[202],"heat":[203],"stress":[204],"conditions,":[205],"0.03-0.06%":[206],"CEO":[207],"or":[208,250],"0.06%":[209],"nanoparticles":[211],"indicate":[212],"superior":[213],"performance.":[214],"However,":[215],"results":[216],"performance":[228],"inconsistent":[230],"variation":[233],"dosage,":[235],"form,":[237],"bird":[238],"strain,":[239],"age,":[240],"environmental":[242],"High":[244],"(exceeding":[247],"2-3%":[248],"CBP":[249],"0.01%":[251],"cinnamaldehyde)":[252],"can":[253],"intake,":[256],"elevate":[257],"blood":[258],"aspartate":[259],"aminotransferase":[260],"(AST)":[261],"levels,":[262],"disrupt":[264],"cecal":[265],"microbiota":[266],"balance.":[267],"While":[268],"shows":[270],"promise":[271],"a":[273],"PFA":[274],"nutrition,":[277],"several":[278],"challenges,":[279],"dose":[281],"optimization,":[282],"thermal":[283],"stability":[284],"tropical":[286],"climates,":[287],"palatability,":[288],"long-term":[290],"residue":[291],"safety,":[292],"require":[293],"further":[294],"research.":[295],"Standardized,":[296],"region-specific":[297],"also":[300],"required":[301],"facilitate":[303],"evidence-based":[304],"commercial":[305],"adoption":[306],"sustainable":[310],"production.":[312]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2026-11-03T00:00:00"}