{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225102414","doi":"https://doi.org/10.58304/ijts.261120","title":"Generative AI in L2 English Academic Writing: University Students\u2019 Perspectives on Autonomy and Human\u2013AI Interaction","display_name":"Generative AI in L2 English Academic Writing: University Students\u2019 Perspectives on Autonomy and Human\u2013AI Interaction","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225102414","doi":"https://doi.org/10.58304/ijts.261120"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.58304/ijts.261120","doi":"https://doi.org/10.58304/ijts.261120","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.58304/ijts.261120","pdf_url":"https://file.tesolunion.org/book/ijts/b73ec474-1a27-4b51-99dc-8dbaecee7222.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210183076","display_name":"International Journal of TESOL Studies","issn_l":"2632-6779","issn":["2632-6779","2633-6898"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","norway-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of TESOL Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://file.tesolunion.org/book/ijts/b73ec474-1a27-4b51-99dc-8dbaecee7222.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032986882","display_name":"Liubov Darzhinova","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2284-3140","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2284-3140"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086892","display_name":"Education University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/000t0f062","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086892"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Liubov Darzhinova","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Education University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong SAR , China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Education University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong SAR , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086892"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5032986882"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086892"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94616149,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10021","display_name":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","score":0.8246999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10021","display_name":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","score":0.8246999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14414","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Education","score":0.08839999884366989,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14516","display_name":"English Language Learning and Teaching","score":0.029200000688433647,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-ai","display_name":"generative AI","score":0.8769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/l2-academic-writing","display_name":"L2 academic writing","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learner-autonomy","display_name":"learner autonomy","score":0.8389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-ai-interaction","display_name":"human-AI interaction","score":0.8629999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-determination-theory","display_name":"self-determination theory","score":0.7919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociocultural-theory","display_name":"sociocultural theory","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authorial-voice","display_name":"authorial voice","score":0.7490000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ai-dependency","display_name":"AI dependency","score":0.7129999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/institutional-expectations","display_name":"institutional expectations","score":0.6050000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/english-as-a-second-language","display_name":"English as a second language","score":0.6790000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hong-kong-university-students","display_name":"Hong Kong university students","score":0.8220000267028809}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187029079","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q958679","display_name":"Cognitive reframing","level":2,"score":0.6693000197410583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.6068000197410583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65414064","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484105","display_name":"Autonomy","level":2,"score":0.5806999802589417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.5034000277519226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196187386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1050187","display_name":"Sociocultural evolution","level":2,"score":0.4869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.4641000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.45669999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.41370001435279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84389358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1129466","display_name":"Discourse analysis","level":2,"score":0.4097000062465668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.39989998936653137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182325601","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17064286","display_name":"Learner autonomy","level":4,"score":0.3955000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780589192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7285140","display_name":"Raising (metalworking)","level":2,"score":0.37229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74196892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7781188","display_name":"Thematic analysis","level":3,"score":0.36469998955726624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80245801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1477475","display_name":"Semi-structured interview","level":3,"score":0.34549999237060547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.33869999647140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120912362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q136822","display_name":"Higher education","level":2,"score":0.3319999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173801870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201413","display_name":"Heuristic","level":2,"score":0.32580000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776046745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5378564","display_name":"English for academic purposes","level":2,"score":0.3003000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184356942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830382","display_name":"Best practice","level":2,"score":0.29829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9114305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428317","display_name":"Situational ethics","level":2,"score":0.29030001163482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780829048","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1624720","display_name":"Conversation analysis","level":3,"score":0.28780001401901245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92393732","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1790374","display_name":"Learning theory","level":2,"score":0.2809000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2782999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190248442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839486","display_name":"Qualitative research","level":2,"score":0.2680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119867837","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4119870","display_name":"Academic writing","level":2,"score":0.2596000134944916}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.58304/ijts.261120","doi":"https://doi.org/10.58304/ijts.261120","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.58304/ijts.261120","pdf_url":"https://file.tesolunion.org/book/ijts/b73ec474-1a27-4b51-99dc-8dbaecee7222.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210183076","display_name":"International Journal of TESOL Studies","issn_l":"2632-6779","issn":["2632-6779","2633-6898"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","norway-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of TESOL Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.58304/ijts.261120","doi":"https://doi.org/10.58304/ijts.261120","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.58304/ijts.261120","pdf_url":"https://file.tesolunion.org/book/ijts/b73ec474-1a27-4b51-99dc-8dbaecee7222.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210183076","display_name":"International Journal of TESOL Studies","issn_l":"2632-6779","issn":["2632-6779","2633-6898"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","norway-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of TESOL Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.9235000014305115}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326414","display_name":"Education University of Hong Kong","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225102414.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225102414.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W860933141","https://openalex.org/W2766307158","https://openalex.org/W2784098876","https://openalex.org/W2981452895","https://openalex.org/W3216247046","https://openalex.org/W4296785191","https://openalex.org/W4387134536","https://openalex.org/W4390054202","https://openalex.org/W4399182459","https://openalex.org/W4400137179","https://openalex.org/W4400143033","https://openalex.org/W4403353576","https://openalex.org/W4403637141","https://openalex.org/W4407284288","https://openalex.org/W4409497754","https://openalex.org/W4409560278","https://openalex.org/W4411361873","https://openalex.org/W4412452864","https://openalex.org/W4412888961","https://openalex.org/W7167919202"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4412452864","https://openalex.org/W7221138543","https://openalex.org/W7216480291","https://openalex.org/W7225109635","https://openalex.org/W7165660465","https://openalex.org/W4411844448","https://openalex.org/W7204445700","https://openalex.org/W7171518489","https://openalex.org/W4414346188","https://openalex.org/W7213974956"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Generative":[0],"Artificial":[1],"Intelligence":[2],"(GenAI)":[3],"tools":[4],"are":[5,160],"widely":[6],"reported":[7,132],"to":[8,116,144,176],"improve":[9],"writing":[10],"quality":[11],"and":[12,24,36,57,81,99,120,156],"efficiency,":[13],"yet":[14],"their":[15,59,118],"implications":[16],"for":[17,162],"autonomy,":[18],"defined":[19],"here":[20],"as":[21,123,167],"volitional,":[22],"informed,":[23],"self-endorsed":[25],"decision-making,":[26],"remain":[27],"underexplored.":[28],"Drawing":[29],"on":[30],"an":[31],"integrated":[32],"Self-Determination":[33],"Theory":[34,38],"(SDT)":[35],"Sociocultural":[37],"(SCT)":[39],"framework,":[40],"this":[41],"study":[42],"interviewed":[43],"twenty":[44],"second-language":[45],"(L2)":[46],"English":[47],"learners":[48,142],"in":[49,65],"Hong":[50],"Kong":[51],"universities":[52],"about":[53,87],"how":[54],"they":[55],"perceive":[56],"report":[58],"interaction":[60],"practices":[61,133],"when":[62],"using":[63],"GenAI":[64,122,166],"L2":[66],"academic":[67],"writing.":[68],"Hybrid":[69],"inductive/deductive":[70],"thematic":[71],"analysis":[72],"of":[73,84,90,97,101,138],"the":[74,177],"interview":[75],"data":[76],"yielded":[77],"six":[78],"themes:":[79],"selective":[80],"strategic":[82],"deployment":[83],"GenAI;":[85],"concerns":[86],"dependency;":[88],"preservation":[89],"authorial":[91],"voice;":[92],"perceived":[93],"benefits;":[94],"critical":[95],"evaluation":[96],"outputs;":[98],"awareness":[100],"institutional":[102],"expectations.":[103],"Learners":[104],"described":[105],"balancing":[106],"efficiency":[107],"against":[108],"authentic":[109],"authorship,":[110],"editing":[111],"or":[112],"reframing":[113],"AI-generated":[114],"text":[115,146],"protect":[117],"voice,":[119],"treating":[121],"a":[124,136,168],"peripheral":[125],"rather":[126],"than":[127],"primary":[128],"agent.":[129],"From":[130],"these":[131],"we":[134],"derived":[135],"heuristic":[137],"seven":[139],"roles":[140],"that":[141,164],"ascribed":[143],"GenAI:":[145],"analyst,":[147],"consultant,":[148],"literature":[149],"search/review":[150],"instrument,":[151],"tutor,":[152],"creative":[153],"aid,":[154],"adversary,":[155],"conversational":[157],"partner.":[158],"Implications":[159],"drawn":[161],"pedagogy":[163],"treats":[165],"mediational":[169],"tool":[170],"whose":[171],"contributions":[172],"must":[173],"be":[174],"subordinated":[175],"writer\u2019s":[178],"own":[179],"intellectual":[180],"agenda.":[181]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-05T12:25:35.769452","created_date":"2026-11-03T00:00:00"}