{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225101602","doi":"https://doi.org/10.61440/jcpn.2026.v4.93","title":"Cortisol Dysregulation in Chronic Insomnia: A Critical Review","display_name":"Cortisol Dysregulation in Chronic Insomnia: A Critical Review","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225101602","doi":"https://doi.org/10.61440/jcpn.2026.v4.93"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.61440/jcpn.2026.v4.93","doi":"https://doi.org/10.61440/jcpn.2026.v4.93","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.61440/jcpn.2026.v4.93","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.61440/jcpn.2026.v4.93","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Clinical Psychology and Neurology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.61440/jcpn.2026.v4.93","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126419634","display_name":"Xaviera Gadpaille","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67206655","display_name":"Fielding Graduate University","ror":"https://ror.org/04csg5w40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67206655"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xaviera Gadpaille","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, Fielding Graduate University, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, Fielding Graduate University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67206655"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088763100","display_name":"Tiffany Martini Field","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7186-7048","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7186-7048"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145608581","display_name":"University of Miami","ror":"https://ror.org/02dgjyy92","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145608581"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67206655","display_name":"Fielding Graduate University","ror":"https://ror.org/04csg5w40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67206655"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tiffany Field","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Miami/Miller School of Medicine and Fielding Graduate University, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Miami/Miller School of Medicine and Fielding Graduate University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145608581","https://openalex.org/I67206655"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89832064,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10316","display_name":"Sleep and related disorders","score":0.9789999723434448,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10316","display_name":"Sleep and related disorders","score":0.9789999723434448,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10529","display_name":"Stress Responses and Cortisol","score":0.018799999728798866,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2802","display_name":"Behavioral Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10985","display_name":"Sleep and Wakefulness Research","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-insomnia","display_name":"chronic insomnia","score":0.9390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cortisol-dysregulation","display_name":"cortisol dysregulation","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal-axis","display_name":"hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperarousal","display_name":"hyperarousal","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sleep-reactivity","display_name":"sleep reactivity","score":0.8029999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pre-sleep-arousal","display_name":"pre-sleep arousal","score":0.9409999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stress-reactivity","display_name":"stress reactivity","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stress-recovery","display_name":"stress recovery","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroendocrine-mechanisms","display_name":"neuroendocrine mechanisms","score":0.652999997138977}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5315999984741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778654844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3305232","display_name":"Chronic stress","level":2,"score":0.4700999855995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78604142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1640582","display_name":"Fight-or-flight response","level":3,"score":0.4571000039577484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.4537000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778024521","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55639806","display_name":"Basal (medicine)","level":3,"score":0.44690001010894775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.4172999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778709874","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190875","display_name":"Hydrocortisone","level":2,"score":0.4018999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780841215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422549","display_name":"Glucocorticoid","level":2,"score":0.3953999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3580999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62913699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5173333","display_name":"Cortisol awakening response","level":3,"score":0.35109999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779146795","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1369123","display_name":"Hypothalamic\u2013pituitary\u2013adrenal axis","level":3,"score":0.3391000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121446783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208353","display_name":"Circadian rhythm","level":2,"score":0.3109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780194698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6005429","display_name":"Immune dysregulation","level":3,"score":0.2985000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89611455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804646","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.295199990272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778329153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1364801","display_name":"Sleep deprivation","level":3,"score":0.28859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.28360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779566273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209733","display_name":"Chronic fatigue syndrome","level":2,"score":0.26840001344680786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775841894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4683692","display_name":"Sleep (system call)","level":2,"score":0.2540000081062317}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.61440/jcpn.2026.v4.93","doi":"https://doi.org/10.61440/jcpn.2026.v4.93","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.61440/jcpn.2026.v4.93","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.61440/jcpn.2026.v4.93","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Clinical Psychology and Neurology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.61440/jcpn.2026.v4.93","doi":"https://doi.org/10.61440/jcpn.2026.v4.93","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.61440/jcpn.2026.v4.93","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.61440/jcpn.2026.v4.93","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Clinical Psychology and Neurology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9391000270843506}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225101602.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225101602.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4206287139","https://openalex.org/W2302393354","https://openalex.org/W4376631032","https://openalex.org/W1999790218","https://openalex.org/W2794854472","https://openalex.org/W4405083640","https://openalex.org/W7214296598","https://openalex.org/W7204215140","https://openalex.org/W2809180678","https://openalex.org/W2033675092"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Insomnia-related":[0],"hyperarousal":[1,125],"has":[2],"been":[3],"associated":[4,115],"with":[5,9,66,116],"hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal":[6],"axis":[7],"dysregulation,":[8],"cortisol":[10,25,43,85,122],"identified":[11],"as":[12,59,63,91],"a":[13,92],"potential":[14,67],"neuroendocrine":[15],"mechanism":[16],"underlying":[17],"persistent":[18],"physiological":[19],"arousal.":[20],"Recent":[21],"studies":[22,83],"link":[23],"dysregulated":[24],"patterns":[26],"to":[27,94,101,120],"chronic":[28,95,127],"insomnia":[29],"severity,":[30],"pre-sleep":[31],"arousal,":[32],"and":[33,42,48,111],"sleep":[34,96],"reactivity,":[35,74],"but":[36],"differences":[37],"in":[38,70,126],"demographics,":[39],"research":[40],"design,":[41],"measurement":[44],"limit":[45],"the":[46,88,112,118],"direction":[47],"consistency":[49],"of":[50],"this":[51],"relationship.":[52],"Cortisol":[53],"dysregulation":[54,61,86,123],"is":[55],"more":[56],"precisely":[57],"defined":[58],"HPA-axis":[60],"than":[62],"elevated":[64],"cortisol,":[65],"abnormalities":[68],"developing":[69],"basal":[71],"concentrations,":[72],"stress":[73],"or":[75,98],"post-stress":[76],"recovery.":[77],"It":[78],"remains":[79],"unknown":[80],"from":[81],"past":[82],"whether":[84],"supports":[87],"disorder,":[89],"emerges":[90],"reaction":[93],"disturbance,":[97],"increases":[99],"susceptibility":[100],"insomnia.":[102,128],"This":[103],"review":[104],"article":[105],"critically":[106],"assesses":[107],"current":[108],"empirical":[109],"data":[110],"methodological":[113],"challenges":[114],"evaluating":[117],"extent":[119],"which":[121],"perpetuates":[124]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-11-03T00:00:00"}