{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225079846","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.41267","title":"From 1D Benchmarks to Complex 3D Geometries: Can Agents Reliably Specify Problems for Automated PDE Simulation?","display_name":"From 1D Benchmarks to Complex 3D Geometries: Can Agents Reliably Specify Problems for Automated PDE Simulation?","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225079846","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.41267"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2610.41267","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.41267","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.41267","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.41267","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5140158395","display_name":"Akshat Jani","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jani, Akshat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tata Research Development and Design Center , Pune , India 411057"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tata Research Development and Design Center , Pune , India 411057","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035942850","display_name":"Sakhinana Sagar Srinivas","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Srinivas, Sakhinana Sagar","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083395137","display_name":"Venkataramana Runkana","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3609-5529","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3609-5529"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Runkana, Venkataramana","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tata Research Development and Design Center , Pune , India 411057"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tata Research Development and Design Center , Pune , India 411057","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11986","display_name":"Scientific Computing and Data Management","score":0.14399999380111694,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11986","display_name":"Scientific Computing and Data Management","score":0.14399999380111694,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11206","display_name":"Model Reduction and Neural Networks","score":0.1160999983549118,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13904","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence Applications","score":0.1005999967455864,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/partial-differential-equations","display_name":"partial differential equations","score":0.7089999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mesh-generation","display_name":"mesh generation","score":0.8700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/numerical-verification","display_name":"numerical verification","score":0.6499999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unsteady-flow","display_name":"unsteady flow","score":0.527999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elasticity","display_name":"elasticity","score":0.6309999823570251}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7328000068664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780416260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2063","display_name":"JSON","level":2,"score":0.7127000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160145156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778586","display_name":"Executable","level":2,"score":0.7095999717712402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.5583999752998352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177212765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627335","display_name":"Workflow","level":2,"score":0.5449000000953674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115901376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199","display_name":"Automation","level":2,"score":0.412200003862381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3873000144958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117258860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q895153","display_name":"Boundary representation","level":3,"score":0.36739999055862427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92757383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q382497","display_name":"Affine transformation","level":2,"score":0.34850001335144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.3352000117301941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.33489999175071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98763669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov chain","level":2,"score":0.30720001459121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164392","display_name":"Construct (python library)","level":2,"score":0.3043000102043152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3021000027656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.30169999599456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.2955000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113174947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2859736","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","level":2,"score":0.29420000314712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96147967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190686","display_name":"Subroutine","level":2,"score":0.2928999960422516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117222624","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7575010","display_name":"Specification","level":2,"score":0.28949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116253237","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437424","display_name":"Formal specification","level":2,"score":0.2888000011444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.2865999937057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86610423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1925081","display_name":"Metamodeling","level":2,"score":0.28529998660087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.2838999927043915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201677973","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1209840","display_name":"Specification language","level":2,"score":0.2827000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C489000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747385","display_name":"Data flow diagram","level":2,"score":0.27619999647140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143273055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2382794","display_name":"Delegate","level":2,"score":0.27300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110251889","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1569697","display_name":"Model checking","level":2,"score":0.26739999651908875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84525736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831366","display_name":"Decision tree","level":2,"score":0.26660001277923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62354387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875399","display_name":"Boundary (topology)","level":2,"score":0.265500009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72041958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185092","display_name":"Flowchart","level":2,"score":0.2630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.25940001010894775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.25850000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.25029999017715454}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2610.41267","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.41267","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.41267","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2610.41267","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.41267","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.41267","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2610.41267","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.41267","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.41267","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225079846.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225079846.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391862446","https://openalex.org/W4401306487","https://openalex.org/W4406733450","https://openalex.org/W4414756875","https://openalex.org/W4414803086","https://openalex.org/W7155045848","https://openalex.org/W7167631008"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7163998200","https://openalex.org/W7162784677","https://openalex.org/W7147076796","https://openalex.org/W7133318142","https://openalex.org/W7134062764","https://openalex.org/W7131254403","https://openalex.org/W7205001750","https://openalex.org/W7203544487","https://openalex.org/W7204222353","https://openalex.org/W7140207308"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Turning":[0],"an":[1],"engineering":[2],"request":[3],"into":[4],"a":[5,219],"simulation":[6,20,207],"requires":[7],"consistent":[8],"geometry,":[9],"physics,":[10],"boundary":[11],"conditions,":[12],"and":[13,59,70,75,90,106,116,123,148,157,160,163,168,198],"numerical":[14,91],"settings.":[15],"Recent":[16],"agent-assisted":[17],"systems":[18],"automate":[19],"setup,":[21],"but":[22],"successful":[23],"execution":[24,88,180],"alone":[25],"does":[26],"not":[27],"establish":[28],"whether":[29,43],"the":[30,33,98,134,210],"specification":[31,86,105],"preserves":[32],"intended":[34],"problem":[35],"or":[36,139],"correctly":[37],"handles":[38],"missing":[39],"information.":[40],"We":[41,84],"study":[42],"agents":[44],"can":[45],"reliably":[46],"construct":[47],"complete":[48],"executable":[49],"JSON":[50,183],"specifications":[51],"for":[52,112,118,221],"automated":[53,179],"geometry":[54],"creation,":[55],"meshing,":[56],"PDE":[57],"solving,":[58],"result":[60],"export.":[61],"Our":[62],"workflow":[63,100],"combines":[64],"model":[65],"extraction":[66],"with":[67,110,170],"deterministic":[68],"scientific":[69,146],"capability":[71],"checks,":[72],"explicit":[73],"clarification,":[74],"validated":[76],"local":[77],"patches":[78],"that":[79],"preserve":[80],"unrelated":[81],"accepted":[82],"fields.":[83],"evaluate":[85],"correctness,":[87],"completion,":[89],"verification":[92],"separately.":[93],"On":[94],"120":[95],"template-related":[96],"requests,":[97],"full":[99],"achieves":[101],"98.3%":[102],"correct":[103],"first-turn":[104],"decision":[107],"outcomes,":[108],"compared":[109],"92.5%":[111],"schema-assisted":[113],"single":[114],"shot":[115],"82.5%":[117],"model-only:":[119],"gains":[120],"of":[121,187],"5.8":[122],"15.8":[124],"percentage":[125],"points,":[126],"respectively.":[127],"It":[128],"makes":[129],"no":[130],"false-ready":[131],"decisions":[132],"among":[133],"42":[135],"requests":[136],"requiring":[137],"clarification":[138],"rejection.":[140],"Component":[141],"ablations":[142],"identify":[143,216],"contributions":[144],"from":[145,181],"checks":[147],"conditional":[149],"repair.":[150],"Separate":[151],"downstream":[152],"studies":[153],"cover":[154],"1D,":[155],"2D,":[156],"3D":[158],"steady":[159],"unsteady,":[161],"linear":[162],"nonlinear":[164],"problems,":[165],"including":[166],"flow":[167],"elasticity":[169],"complex":[171],"three-dimensional":[172],"wing":[173],"geometries.":[174],"A":[175],"30-case":[176],"gallery":[177],"demonstrates":[178],"retained":[182],"specifications,":[184],"while":[185,213],"9":[186],"12":[188],"selected":[189],"live":[190],"user-to-results":[191],"tests":[192],"achieve":[193],"joint":[194],"specification,":[195],"execution,":[196],"export,":[197],"numerical-reference":[199],"success":[200],"(75.0%).":[201],"These":[202],"results":[203],"support":[204],"traceable,":[205],"engineer-reviewed":[206],"assistance":[208],"within":[209],"tested":[211],"scope,":[212],"fresh-response":[214],"regressions":[215],"consistency":[217],"as":[218],"priority":[220],"further":[222],"improvement.":[223]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2026-11-03T00:00:00"}