{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225079164","doi":"https://doi.org/10.70382/sjhspsr.v14i6.0120","title":"LAWYERS AS GATE-KEEPERS IN ANTI-MONEY LAUNDERING REGULATIONS IN NIGERIA","display_name":"LAWYERS AS GATE-KEEPERS IN ANTI-MONEY LAUNDERING REGULATIONS IN NIGERIA","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225079164","doi":"https://doi.org/10.70382/sjhspsr.v14i6.0120"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.70382/sjhspsr.v14i6.0120","doi":"https://doi.org/10.70382/sjhspsr.v14i6.0120","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.70382/sjhspsr.v14i6.0120","pdf_url":"https://ssaapublications.com/index.php/sjhspsr/article/download/1261/1463","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407044857","display_name":"Journal of Human Social and Political Science Research","issn_l":"3026-9792","issn":["3026-9792","3027-0146"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Human, Social and Political Science Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://ssaapublications.com/index.php/sjhspsr/article/download/1261/1463","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062441149","display_name":"HAGLER OKORIE","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100352790","display_name":"Abia State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03a39z514","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100352790"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"HAGLER OKORIE","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Law, Abia State University, Umuahia Campus, Department of Private and Property Law (PPL)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Law, Abia State University, Umuahia Campus, Department of Private and Property Law (PPL)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100352790"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5062441149"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100352790"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90324622,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11838","display_name":"Crime, Illicit Activities, and Governance","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11838","display_name":"Crime, Illicit Activities, and Governance","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14154","display_name":"finance, banking, and market dynamics","score":0.003800000064074993,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13075","display_name":"Legal Systems and Judicial Processes","score":0.0027000000700354576,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/money-laundering","display_name":"money laundering","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anti-money-laundering-regulation","display_name":"anti-money laundering regulation","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lawyers","display_name":"lawyers","score":0.640999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/duty-of-confidentiality","display_name":"duty of confidentiality","score":0.7720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/professional-ethics","display_name":"professional ethics","score":0.6010000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fatf-recommendations","display_name":"FATF recommendations","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/united-nations-convention-against-corruption","display_name":"UN Convention against Corruption","score":0.8500000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oecd-guidelines","display_name":"OECD guidelines","score":0.7760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/client-trust","display_name":"client trust","score":0.6460000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nigeria","display_name":"Nigeria","score":0.777999997138977}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780005421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q151900","display_name":"Money laundering","level":2,"score":0.8919000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5462999939918518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780224610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1530061","display_name":"Credibility","level":2,"score":0.48739999532699585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776743756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5097921","display_name":"Safeguarding","level":2,"score":0.46810001134872437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781460075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1399332","display_name":"Compliance (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4383000135421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780262971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44554","display_name":"Law enforcement","level":2,"score":0.3977000117301941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780027415","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q524648","display_name":"Language change","level":2,"score":0.3928999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.38690000772476196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779777834","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4202277","display_name":"Enforcement","level":2,"score":0.3853999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.3709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199521495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181487","display_name":"Audit","level":2,"score":0.3693999946117401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.35589998960494995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776007630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2798912","display_name":"Accountability","level":2,"score":0.33489999175071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779103253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q878070","display_name":"Duty","level":2,"score":0.3337000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71745522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2476929","display_name":"Confidentiality","level":2,"score":0.3260999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776475305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29627","display_name":"Public interest","level":2,"score":0.3165999948978424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.30300000309944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780608745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367293","display_name":"Convention","level":2,"score":0.30000001192092896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778426350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7248066","display_name":"Professional conduct","level":2,"score":0.2906999886035919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35651441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q625303","display_name":"Independence (probability theory)","level":2,"score":0.2809999883174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780791683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846785","display_name":"Action (physics)","level":2,"score":0.28040000796318054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168031717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1530280","display_name":"Balance (ability)","level":2,"score":0.26820001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776218876","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1144694","display_name":"Duty of care","level":2,"score":0.26330000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776394362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1137778","display_name":"White-collar crime","level":2,"score":0.2606000006198883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164516710","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1166072","display_name":"Financial transaction","level":3,"score":0.25949999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73380752","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q609087","display_name":"Gatekeeping","level":2,"score":0.257099986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985871740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637368","display_name":"Task force","level":2,"score":0.2538999915122986}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.70382/sjhspsr.v14i6.0120","doi":"https://doi.org/10.70382/sjhspsr.v14i6.0120","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.70382/sjhspsr.v14i6.0120","pdf_url":"https://ssaapublications.com/index.php/sjhspsr/article/download/1261/1463","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407044857","display_name":"Journal of Human Social and Political Science Research","issn_l":"3026-9792","issn":["3026-9792","3027-0146"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Human, Social and Political Science Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.ssaapublications.com:article/1261","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ssaapublications.com/index.php/sjhspsr/article/view/1261","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407044857","display_name":"Journal of Human Social and Political Science Research","issn_l":"3026-9792","issn":["3026-9792","3027-0146"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"3027-0146","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.70382/sjhspsr.v14i6.0120","doi":"https://doi.org/10.70382/sjhspsr.v14i6.0120","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.70382/sjhspsr.v14i6.0120","pdf_url":"https://ssaapublications.com/index.php/sjhspsr/article/download/1261/1463","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407044857","display_name":"Journal of Human Social and Political Science Research","issn_l":"3026-9792","issn":["3026-9792","3027-0146"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Human, Social and Political Science Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225079164.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225079164.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4415628578","https://openalex.org/W7111320525","https://openalex.org/W4406496101","https://openalex.org/W4414030525","https://openalex.org/W7154498185","https://openalex.org/W2967510202","https://openalex.org/W2942035876","https://openalex.org/W7203765512","https://openalex.org/W2918192277","https://openalex.org/W2792588497"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Money":[0,127],"laundering":[1,38,51,77],"remains":[2],"one":[3],"of":[4,39,44,75,137,151,156,169,187],"the":[5,37,49,64,73,104,111,119,135,146,154,163,167,170,182,185,209,213,232],"most":[6],"pervasive":[7],"financial":[8,24,65,238],"crimes":[9],"undermining":[10],"global":[11,100],"economic":[12],"stability,":[13],"governance,":[14],"and":[15,23,89,95,118,130,134,153,173,179,200,231],"integrity.":[16],"Lawyers,":[17],"as":[18,46,103],"key":[19],"facilitators":[20],"in":[21,48,62,196,236],"corporate":[22],"transactions,":[25],"often":[26],"occupy":[27],"a":[28,177,223],"strategic":[29],"position":[30],"that":[31,216],"can":[32],"either":[33],"prevent":[34],"or":[35],"enable":[36],"illicit":[40],"funds.":[41],"The":[42,143],"concept":[43],"lawyers":[45,221],"\u201cgatekeepers\u201d":[47],"anti-money":[50,76],"(AML)":[52],"regime":[53],"has":[54],"therefore":[55],"gained":[56],"prominence,":[57],"reflecting":[58],"their":[59,84],"crucial":[60],"role":[61],"safeguarding":[63],"system":[66],"against":[67,115],"abuse.":[68],"This":[69],"paper":[70,183],"critically":[71],"examines":[72],"framework":[74],"regulations":[78],"applicable":[79],"to":[80,204],"legal":[81,171,194,210],"practitioners,":[82],"emphasizing":[83],"professional":[85,227],"responsibilities,":[86],"ethical":[87],"dilemmas,":[88],"regulatory":[90],"obligations":[91],"under":[92],"both":[93],"international":[94],"domestic":[96],"instruments.":[97],"It":[98],"explores":[99],"standards":[101],"such":[102],"Financial":[105],"Action":[106],"Task":[107],"Force":[108],"(FATF)":[109],"Recommendations,":[110],"United":[112],"Nations":[113],"Convention":[114],"Corruption":[116],"(UNCAC),":[117],"OECD":[120],"guidelines,":[121],"alongside":[122],"national":[123],"adaptations":[124],"within":[125,208],"Nigeria\u2019s":[126],"Laundering":[128],"(Prevention":[129],"Prohibition)":[131],"Act,":[132],"2022,":[133],"Rules":[136],"Professional":[138],"Conduct":[139],"for":[140,220],"Legal":[141],"Practitioners.":[142],"study":[144,214],"interrogates":[145],"balance":[147],"between":[148,226],"lawyers\u2019":[149],"duty":[150],"confidentiality":[152],"imperative":[155],"compliance":[157,206],"with":[158],"AML":[159,218],"reporting":[160],"obligations,":[161],"assessing":[162],"potential":[164],"impact":[165],"on":[166],"independence":[168],"profession":[172],"client":[174,229],"trust.":[175],"Through":[176],"comparative":[178],"analytical":[180],"approach,":[181],"evaluates":[184],"effectiveness":[186],"existing":[188],"enforcement":[189],"mechanisms,":[190],"identifies":[191],"challenges":[192],"confronting":[193],"practitioners":[195],"fulfilling":[197],"gatekeeping":[198],"functions,":[199],"proposes":[201],"policy":[202],"reforms":[203],"strengthen":[205],"culture":[207],"profession.":[211],"Ultimately,":[212],"argues":[215],"effective":[217],"regulation":[219],"requires":[222],"delicate":[224],"equilibrium":[225],"ethics,":[228],"privilege,":[230],"overarching":[233],"public":[234],"interest":[235],"combating":[237],"crimes.":[239]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-11-03T00:00:00"}