{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225065713","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22363/2313-0660-2026-26-3-559-577","title":"A Conditional Axis of Resistance: Strategic Convergence between Iran and Venezuela in the Context of Occidentalism","display_name":"A Conditional Axis of Resistance: Strategic Convergence between Iran and Venezuela in the Context of Occidentalism","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225065713","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22363/2313-0660-2026-26-3-559-577"},"language":"ru","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:4e18cf6c607147339f1604183c720259","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22363/2313-0660-2026-26-3-559-577","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/4e18cf6c607147339f1604183c720259","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Vestnik RUDN. International Relations, Vol 26, Iss 3, Pp 559-577 (2026)","raw_type":"article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019515121","display_name":"Damla Kocatepe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1564-3995","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1564-3995"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Damla Kocatepe","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107590801","display_name":"Nazrin Alizada","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6874-7712","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6874-7712"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nazrin Alizada","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13352","display_name":"International Relations in Latin America","score":0.8525000214576721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13352","display_name":"International Relations in Latin America","score":0.8525000214576721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10053","display_name":"International Relations and Foreign Policy","score":0.14030000567436218,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13007","display_name":"Economic Sanctions and International Relations","score":0.002899999963119626,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strategic-convergence","display_name":"strategic convergence","score":0.7319999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/occidentalism","display_name":"Occidentalism","score":0.9190000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-sanctions","display_name":"international sanctions","score":0.9190000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-cooperation","display_name":"energy cooperation","score":0.7390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diplomatic-coordination","display_name":"diplomatic coordination","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multipolarity","display_name":"multipolarity","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contested-sovereignty","display_name":"contested sovereignty","score":0.7049999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-isolation","display_name":"political isolation","score":0.5479999780654907}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778069335","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q32098","display_name":"Sanctions","level":2,"score":0.6998999714851379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158071213","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7257","display_name":"Ideology","level":3,"score":0.6107000112533569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5489000082015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201960208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159385","display_name":"Geopolitics","level":3,"score":0.5282999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138921699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47555","display_name":"Political economy","level":1,"score":0.48989999294281006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93377909","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181648","display_name":"Foreign policy","level":3,"score":0.4763000011444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94617000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q639854","display_name":"Qualitative comparative analysis","level":2,"score":0.4672999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44725695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q288156","display_name":"Normative","level":2,"score":0.4620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132829578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q581151","display_name":"Situated","level":2,"score":0.4607999920845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.4291999936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74363100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273005","display_name":"Economic system","level":1,"score":0.4235999882221222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.4203999936580658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.41280001401901245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71750763","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q646164","display_name":"General partnership","level":2,"score":0.4016000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3846000134944916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39389867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380767","display_name":"Corporate governance","level":2,"score":0.3691999912261963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95713431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631425","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","level":2,"score":0.36880001425743103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779585090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3457762","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.3605000078678131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34355311","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166542","display_name":"International relations","level":3,"score":0.35530000925064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776324910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q526594","display_name":"Territorial integrity","level":4,"score":0.3181999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776036281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48769818","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","level":2,"score":0.31369999051094055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.30790001153945923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137176749","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4105337","display_name":"Psychological resilience","level":2,"score":0.3034000098705292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6422946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857354","display_name":"Panel data","level":2,"score":0.30250000953674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555826173","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7174","display_name":"Democracy","level":3,"score":0.2921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190253527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354","display_name":"Law and economics","level":1,"score":0.2906999886035919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910001868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q458","display_name":"European union","level":2,"score":0.28110000491142273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118084267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26110","display_name":"Positive economics","level":1,"score":0.2720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777172336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2700433","display_name":"Energy security","level":3,"score":0.266400009393692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776310101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1524235","display_name":"Global governance","level":3,"score":0.2632000148296356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780060422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178564","display_name":"Expropriation","level":2,"score":0.2615000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780188227","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1291690","display_name":"Nuclear strategy","level":3,"score":0.25619998574256897}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:4e18cf6c607147339f1604183c720259","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22363/2313-0660-2026-26-3-559-577","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/4e18cf6c607147339f1604183c720259","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Vestnik RUDN. International Relations, Vol 26, Iss 3, Pp 559-577 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.8046000003814697,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"},{"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","score":0.5217000246047974,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1904179485","https://openalex.org/W4411792683","https://openalex.org/W2898754845","https://openalex.org/W7222710877","https://openalex.org/W1515132017","https://openalex.org/W7160268798","https://openalex.org/W7020105215","https://openalex.org/W1900965687","https://openalex.org/W7163757161","https://openalex.org/W7131244365"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"analyzes":[2],"the":[3,9,27,33,38,43,94,127,157,167,194,197,212,226],"strategic":[4,67],"and":[5,78,90,99,116,126,139,180,190,219],"ideological":[6,140,200],"dimensions":[7],"of":[8,14,21,66,73,105,135,159,169,196,206,222],"Iran-Venezuela":[10,44,213],"partnership":[11],"under":[12],"conditions":[13],"sustained":[15],"international":[16,84,229],"sanctions":[17,41],"as":[18,53,174],"a":[19,54,63,97,175,217],"form":[20,221],"counter-hegemonic":[22,223],"alignment.":[23,59],"It":[24],"argues":[25],"that":[26,47],"recent":[28],"U.S.-led":[29],"geopolitical":[30],"maneuvers":[31],"in":[32,184],"Venezuelan":[34],"context,":[35],"together":[36],"with":[37,108],"newly":[39],"imposed":[40],"targeting":[42],"nexus,":[45],"indicate":[46],"this":[48],"relationship":[49],"cannot":[50],"be":[51],"explained":[52],"merely":[55],"conjunctural":[56],"or":[57],"reactive":[58],"Rather,":[60],"it":[61],"reflects":[62],"deeper":[64],"pattern":[65],"convergence":[68],"shaped":[69],"by":[70,87,124],"shared":[71,160],"experiences":[72],"coercive":[74],"pressure,":[75],"political":[76],"isolation,":[77],"contested":[79],"sovereignty.":[80],"Situated":[81],"within":[82,225],"an":[83,133],"order":[85],"marked":[86],"increasing":[88],"multipolarity":[89],"weakening":[91],"normative":[92],"consensus,":[93],"study":[95],"employs":[96],"qualitative":[98],"comparative":[100],"methodology,":[101],"combining":[102],"discourse":[103],"analysis":[104,120],"official":[106],"statements":[107],"empirical":[109],"evidence":[110],"on":[111],"energy":[112,165],"cooperation,":[113],"defense-related":[114],"collaboration,":[115],"diplomatic":[117,182],"coordination.":[118],"The":[119,151],"is":[121],"theoretically":[122],"informed":[123],"Occidentalism":[125],"Resistance":[128],"Axis":[129],"framework,":[130],"allowing":[131],"for":[132],"examination":[134],"how":[136],"material":[137],"interests":[138],"counter-discourses":[141],"interact":[142],"to":[143,177],"maintain":[144],"bilateral":[145],"alignment":[146,224],"beyond":[147],"short-term":[148],"instrumental":[149],"incentives.":[150],"findings":[152],"identify":[153],"three":[154],"interrelated":[155],"dynamics:":[156],"conversion":[158],"economic":[161],"vulnerability":[162],"into":[163],"structured":[164],"cooperation;":[166],"development":[168],"limited":[170],"asymmetric":[171],"security":[172],"collaboration":[173],"deterrent":[176],"external":[178,191],"intervention;":[179],"coordinated":[181],"engagement":[183],"multilateral":[185],"forums.":[186],"While":[187],"institutional":[188],"fragilities":[189],"constraints":[192],"limit":[193],"formalization":[195],"partnership,":[198],"its":[199],"depth":[201],"enhances":[202],"resilience":[203],"during":[204],"periods":[205],"relative":[207],"foreign":[208],"policy":[209],"autonomy.":[210],"Thus,":[211],"axis":[214],"thus":[215],"represents":[216],"conditional":[218],"adaptive":[220],"evolving":[227],"post-unipolar":[228],"system.":[230]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2026-11-02T00:00:00"}
