{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225009059","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2026.108683","title":"Oxidation characteristics of coal gangue under oxygen-lean atmosphere: Linking thermal effects, gas evolution, and functional group transformations","display_name":"Oxidation characteristics of coal gangue under oxygen-lean atmosphere: Linking thermal effects, gas evolution, and functional group transformations","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225009059","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2026.108683"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.csite.2026.108683","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2026.108683","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2026.108683","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764363796","display_name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","issn_l":"2214-157X","issn":["2214-157X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-70"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2026.108683","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007367018","display_name":"Zhenlu Shao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5727-5257","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5727-5257","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7104-9499"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25757504","display_name":"China University of Mining and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01xt2dr21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhenlu Shao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China","State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Prevention and Control, Xuzhou, 221116, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5727-5257","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Prevention and Control, Xuzhou, 221116, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069612792","display_name":"\u5c48\u5ee3\u81e3","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25757504","display_name":"China University of Mining and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01xt2dr21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guangchen Qu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160262029","display_name":"Tong Yang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25757504","display_name":"China University of Mining and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01xt2dr21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tong Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138801436","display_name":"Zichao Jia","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zichao Jia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xinjiang Xinkuang Geological Technology Co., Ltd., Urumqi, 830099, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xinjiang Xinkuang Geological Technology Co., Ltd., Urumqi, 830099, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5007367018"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"],"apc_list":{"value":1620,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1620},"apc_paid":{"value":1620,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1620},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78452194,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"88","issue":null,"first_page":"108683","last_page":"108683"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11284","display_name":"Coal Properties and Utilization","score":0.9585000276565552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11284","display_name":"Coal Properties and Utilization","score":0.9585000276565552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12358","display_name":"Thermal and Kinetic Analysis","score":0.013799999840557575,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13790","display_name":"Waste Management and Environmental Impact","score":0.007000000216066837,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spontaneous-combustion","display_name":"spontaneous combustion","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heat-release","display_name":"heat release","score":0.6639999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/co2-evolution","display_name":"CO2 evolution","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gas-evolution","display_name":"gas evolution","score":0.574999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/functional-group-transformation","display_name":"functional group transformation","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxygen-containing-functional-groups","display_name":"oxygen-containing functional groups","score":0.6190000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydroxyl-groups","display_name":"hydroxyl groups","score":0.8100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxidation-mechanism","display_name":"oxidation mechanism","score":0.5350000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spontaneous-combustion-prevention","display_name":"spontaneous combustion prevention","score":0.625}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160892712","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901559","display_name":"Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy","level":2,"score":0.6855000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45119746","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205949","display_name":"Exothermic reaction","level":2,"score":0.6470000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105923489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133235","display_name":"Combustion","level":2,"score":0.6284000277519226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C540031477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629","display_name":"Oxygen","level":2,"score":0.5802000164985657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518851703","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24489","display_name":"Coal","level":2,"score":0.554099977016449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7028197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061670","display_name":"Gangue","level":2,"score":0.5311999917030334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152984320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q369012","display_name":"Spontaneous combustion","level":3,"score":0.5152000188827515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4814000129699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.4812999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158355884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11388","display_name":"Infrared","level":2,"score":0.4375999867916107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777332933","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170409","display_name":"Functional group","level":3,"score":0.43529999256134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153642686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70906","display_name":"Infrared spectroscopy","level":2,"score":0.414000004529953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.3968000113964081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777822432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216681","display_name":"In situ","level":2,"score":0.3968000113964081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204530211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752823","display_name":"Thermal","level":2,"score":0.33329999446868896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776910235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18574","display_name":"Reactivity (psychology)","level":3,"score":0.3228999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89169090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q593204","display_name":"Limiting oxygen concentration","level":3,"score":0.31779998540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116628846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899138","display_name":"Mass fraction","level":2,"score":0.3147999942302704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110686534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451467","display_name":"Partial oxidation","level":3,"score":0.3125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68463220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27165","display_name":"Partial pressure","level":3,"score":0.28189998865127563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129446986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q542419","display_name":"Thermal analysis","level":3,"score":0.27129998803138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135473242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4147614","display_name":"Oxygen evolution","level":4,"score":0.2712000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113196181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485223","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry (journal)","level":2,"score":0.25600001215934753}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.csite.2026.108683","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2026.108683","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2026.108683","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764363796","display_name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","issn_l":"2214-157X","issn":["2214-157X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-70"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:4c8e15a4148843fcb6f2eac17de004c6","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/4c8e15a4148843fcb6f2eac17de004c6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering, Vol 88, Iss , Pp 108683- (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.csite.2026.108683","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2026.108683","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2026.108683","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764363796","display_name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","issn_l":"2214-157X","issn":["2214-157X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-70"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W586852915","https://openalex.org/W1964157769","https://openalex.org/W1964210877","https://openalex.org/W1965462130","https://openalex.org/W2069274114","https://openalex.org/W2077934555","https://openalex.org/W2078099759","https://openalex.org/W2088798418","https://openalex.org/W2221969819","https://openalex.org/W2329301386","https://openalex.org/W2332640857","https://openalex.org/W2406541705","https://openalex.org/W2466112566","https://openalex.org/W2582007873","https://openalex.org/W2610646687","https://openalex.org/W2768900546","https://openalex.org/W2793703849","https://openalex.org/W2897355718","https://openalex.org/W2903384240","https://openalex.org/W2906669351","https://openalex.org/W2922934930","https://openalex.org/W2966357580","https://openalex.org/W3097858475","https://openalex.org/W3135829532","https://openalex.org/W3155507550","https://openalex.org/W3204226040","https://openalex.org/W4210823883","https://openalex.org/W4220705621","https://openalex.org/W4240752724","https://openalex.org/W4283731697","https://openalex.org/W4379054091","https://openalex.org/W4392861642","https://openalex.org/W4399753280","https://openalex.org/W4401182906","https://openalex.org/W4405331161"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2906669351","https://openalex.org/W3207429699","https://openalex.org/W6996047760","https://openalex.org/W7161553638","https://openalex.org/W6960261998","https://openalex.org/W2326576376","https://openalex.org/W4415877382","https://openalex.org/W3175570606","https://openalex.org/W2329301386","https://openalex.org/W3137696350"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Spontaneous":[0],"combustion":[1,105],"in":[2,11,41,253],"coal":[3,55,254],"gangue":[4,56,255],"dumps":[5],"typically":[6],"occurs":[7],"under":[8,57],"oxygen-lean":[9,58,120,184,251],"conditions,":[10,185],"which":[12],"oxygen":[13,102,198],"availability":[14,199],"controls":[15],"the":[16,51,77,114,123,129,133,154,247],"coupled":[17],"evolution":[18,192],"of":[19,54,207,250],"mass":[20,221],"loss,":[21,222],"heat":[22,111,223],"release,":[23,224],"gaseous":[24,156],"products,":[25],"and":[26,40,88,127,165,179,195,204,228,257],"surface":[27],"functional":[28],"groups.":[29,181],"In":[30,168],"this":[31],"study,":[32],"thermogravimetry-Fourier":[33],"transform":[34,44],"infrared":[35,45],"spectroscopy":[36],"(TG-FTIR),":[37],"C600":[38,117],"calorimetry,":[39],"situ":[42,169],"Fourier":[43],"(FTIR)":[46],"are":[47],"combined":[48],"to":[49,144],"investigate":[50],"oxidation":[52,89,256],"characteristics":[53],"atmosphere.":[59],"The":[60],"TG/DTG":[61],"results":[62],"reveal":[63],"a":[64,97,232,235,259],"clear":[65],"oxygen-dependent":[66],"grouping:":[67],"at":[68,82,93,140,146],"1-5%":[69],"O":[70,142,148,160],"2":[71,143,149,152,161,191,213,226],",":[72,87],"TG":[73],"curves":[74],"nearly":[75],"overlap,":[76],"peak":[78],"mass-loss":[79],"rate":[80],"stabilizes":[81],"about":[83],"\u22124.60%":[84],"min":[85],"\u22121":[86],"remains":[90,193],"incomplete":[91,166],"even":[92],"800":[94],"\u00b0C,":[95],"indicating":[96,231],"strongly":[98],"oxygen-supply-limited":[99],"regime.":[100],"Increasing":[101],"concentration":[103],"enhances":[104],"parameters,":[106],"while":[107,189],"promoting":[108],"more":[109,240],"concentrated":[110],"release.":[112,167],"Within":[113],"30-600":[115],"\u00b0C":[116],"experimental":[118],"window,":[119],"atmospheres":[121,252],"prolong":[122],"slow":[124],"exothermic":[125,131],"stage":[126],"delay":[128],"fast":[130],"stage;":[132],"observed":[134],"fast-stage":[135],"fraction":[136],"increases":[137],"from":[138,234],"20%":[139],"1%":[141],"47%":[145],"21%":[147],".":[150],"CO":[151,190,212,225],"is":[153],"dominant":[155],"product,":[157],"with":[158],"decreasing":[159],"causing":[162],"weaker,":[163],"delayed":[164],"FTIR":[170],"further":[171],"indicates":[172],"complementary":[173],"transformations":[174],"between":[175],"hydroxyl,":[176],"aliphatic/aromatic":[177],"hydrocarbons":[178],"oxygen-containing":[180,186,208],"Under":[182],"extra":[183],"structures":[187],"accumulate":[188],"weak":[194],"incomplete.":[196],"As":[197],"increases,":[200],"broader":[201],"functional-group":[202,229],"participation":[203],"faster":[205],"turnover":[206],"intermediates":[209],"accompany":[210],"stronger":[211],"evolution.":[214],"Correlation":[215],"analysis":[216],"shows":[217],"strong":[218],"associations":[219],"among":[220],"evolution,":[227],"changes,":[230],"shift":[233],"common":[236],"oxygen-supply":[237],"constraint":[238],"toward":[239],"distributed":[241],"multi-pathway":[242],"oxidation.":[243],"These":[244],"findings":[245],"clarify":[246],"mechanistic":[248],"role":[249],"provide":[258],"basis":[260],"for":[261],"spontaneous-combustion":[262],"prevention.":[263]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-11-01T00:00:00"}
