{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225006632","doi":"https://doi.org/10.35451/jfm.v9i1.4067","title":"Computational Longitudinal Analysis of Blood Glucose Response to Kombucha\u2013Ginger Combination in Alloxan-InducedMice Using Generalized Estimating Equations","display_name":"Computational Longitudinal Analysis of Blood Glucose Response to Kombucha\u2013Ginger Combination in Alloxan-InducedMice Using Generalized Estimating Equations","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225006632","doi":"https://doi.org/10.35451/jfm.v9i1.4067"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.35451/jfm.v9i1.4067","doi":"https://doi.org/10.35451/jfm.v9i1.4067","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.35451/jfm.v9i1.4067","pdf_url":"https://ejournal.medistra.ac.id/index.php/JFM/article/download/4067/2170","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210213644","display_name":"JURNAL FARMASIMED (JFM)","issn_l":"2655-0814","issn":["2655-0814"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210164821","host_organization_name":"Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164821"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JURNAL FARMASIMED (JFM)","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://ejournal.medistra.ac.id/index.php/JFM/article/download/4067/2170","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5127470716","display_name":"Hario Tamtomo Sinaga","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164821","display_name":"Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam","ror":"https://ror.org/05dg8jj08","country_code":"ID","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164821"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hario Tamtomo Sinaga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164821"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019162211","display_name":"Nur Ulina M. Br. Turnip","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164821","display_name":"Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam","ror":"https://ror.org/05dg8jj08","country_code":"ID","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164821"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nur Ulina M. Br Turnip","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164821"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002230421","display_name":"Novandi Purba","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164821","display_name":"Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam","ror":"https://ror.org/05dg8jj08","country_code":"ID","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164821"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Novandi Purba","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164821"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160268310","display_name":"Dzakwan Hanif Alqodry","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164821","display_name":"Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam","ror":"https://ror.org/05dg8jj08","country_code":"ID","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164821"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dzakwan Hanif Alqodry","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164821"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164821"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86844711,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"1","first_page":"518","last_page":"524"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11140","display_name":"Natural Antidiabetic Agents Studies","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11140","display_name":"Natural Antidiabetic Agents Studies","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12347","display_name":"Ginger and Zingiberaceae research","score":0.00139999995008111,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3004","display_name":"Pharmacology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10839","display_name":"Pancreatic function and diabetes","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kombucha","display_name":"kombucha","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ginger","display_name":"ginger","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blood-glucose","display_name":"blood glucose","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alloxan-induced-diabetes","display_name":"alloxan-induced diabetes","score":0.9449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperglycemia","display_name":"hyperglycemia","score":0.8149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metformin","display_name":"metformin","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/camellia-sinensis","display_name":"Camellia sinensis","score":0.8019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/longitudinal-analysis","display_name":"longitudinal analysis","score":0.5799999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalized-estimating-equations","display_name":"generalized estimating equations","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glucose-metabolism","display_name":"glucose metabolism","score":0.6039999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/herbal-combination-therapy","display_name":"herbal combination therapy","score":0.33500000834465027}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27403532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532474","display_name":"Generalized estimating equation","level":2,"score":0.8629999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53084192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1485121","display_name":"Gee","level":3,"score":0.8258000016212463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780323712","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19484","display_name":"Metformin","level":3,"score":0.6430000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777895361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1758614","display_name":"Longitudinal study","level":2,"score":0.642799973487854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020672099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857354","display_name":"Longitudinal data","level":2,"score":0.637499988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.557699978351593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.48010000586509705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102959455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7313954","display_name":"Repeated measures design","level":2,"score":0.453000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.4352000057697296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780485761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275157","display_name":"Blood sugar","level":3,"score":0.41359999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16012445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1501135","display_name":"Mixed model","level":2,"score":0.40299999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.3856000006198883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3840999901294708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776035688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1606558","display_name":"Affect (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.35030001401901245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.3409000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020081911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3918988","display_name":"Serum concentration","level":2,"score":0.3296000063419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.32919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204016326","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5401384","display_name":"Estimating equations","level":3,"score":0.32089999318122864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779306644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2002370","display_name":"Insulin","level":2,"score":0.31310001015663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910068830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3025883","display_name":"Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","level":3,"score":0.29490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020574416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275157","display_name":"Plasma glucose","level":3,"score":0.2870999872684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.2768000066280365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99476002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42297","display_name":"Analysis of variance","level":2,"score":0.2508000135421753}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.35451/jfm.v9i1.4067","doi":"https://doi.org/10.35451/jfm.v9i1.4067","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.35451/jfm.v9i1.4067","pdf_url":"https://ejournal.medistra.ac.id/index.php/JFM/article/download/4067/2170","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210213644","display_name":"JURNAL FARMASIMED (JFM)","issn_l":"2655-0814","issn":["2655-0814"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210164821","host_organization_name":"Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164821"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JURNAL FARMASIMED (JFM)","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.35451/jfm.v9i1.4067","doi":"https://doi.org/10.35451/jfm.v9i1.4067","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.35451/jfm.v9i1.4067","pdf_url":"https://ejournal.medistra.ac.id/index.php/JFM/article/download/4067/2170","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210213644","display_name":"JURNAL FARMASIMED (JFM)","issn_l":"2655-0814","issn":["2655-0814"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210164821","host_organization_name":"Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164821"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JURNAL FARMASIMED (JFM)","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9763000011444092,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225006632.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225006632.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4383550504","https://openalex.org/W4399864526","https://openalex.org/W4401108692","https://openalex.org/W4401368999","https://openalex.org/W4403339260","https://openalex.org/W4413040905","https://openalex.org/W4416944668","https://openalex.org/W7089260364"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7224584347","https://openalex.org/W7221196287","https://openalex.org/W4415011683","https://openalex.org/W4313437058","https://openalex.org/W4234070435","https://openalex.org/W2164601037","https://openalex.org/W4390450587","https://openalex.org/W2351975181","https://openalex.org/W2918723122","https://openalex.org/W2383391739"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"Diabetes":[1],"mellitus":[2],"is":[3],"characterized":[4],"by":[5],"hyperglycemia":[6],"and":[7,13,68,73,77,86,98,103,115,147,177],"requires":[8],"effective":[9],"supportive":[10],"approaches.":[11],"Kombucha":[12],"ginger":[14,41],"contain":[15],"bioactive":[16],"components":[17],"that":[18],"may":[19],"affect":[20],"glucose":[21,31,79],"metabolism.":[22],"Objective:":[23],"This":[24],"study":[25],"aimed":[26],"to":[27,60,127],"analyze":[28],"longitudinal":[29,84,180],"blood":[30],"responses":[32],"after":[33],"administration":[34],"of":[35],"kombucha":[36],"(Camellia":[37],"sinensis)":[38],"combined":[39],"with":[40,94],"(Zingiber":[42],"officinale)":[43],"in":[44],"alloxan-induced":[45],"mice":[46,58],"using":[47,88],"a":[48,108,116],"computational":[49],"approach.":[50],"Methodology:":[51],"Data":[52],"were":[53,81],"obtained":[54],"from":[55,125],"25":[56],"male":[57],"allocated":[59],"five":[61],"groups:":[62],"0.5%":[63],"Na-CMC,":[64,134],"metformin":[65],"65":[66],"mg/kgBW,":[67],"kombucha-ginger":[69,161],"at":[70],"2%,":[71,142],"5%,":[72,146],"7%.":[74,151],"Post-induction,":[75],"day-7,":[76],"day-14":[78],"values":[80],"reshaped":[82],"into":[83],"format":[85],"analyzed":[87],"Gaussian":[89],"Generalized":[90],"Estimating":[91],"Equations":[92],"(GEE)":[93],"an":[95,171],"identity":[96],"link":[97],"exchangeable":[99],"working":[100],"correlation.":[101],"Results":[102],"Discussion:":[104],"The":[105,152],"model":[106],"shows":[107,155],"significant":[109,117],"time":[110],"effect":[111],"(Wald":[112,120],"\u03c7\u00b2=94.04;":[113],"p<0.001)":[114],"group\u00d7time":[118],"interaction":[119],"\u03c7\u00b2=106.74;":[121],"p<0.001).":[122],"Mean":[123],"reductions":[124],"post-induction":[126],"day":[128],"14":[129],"are":[130],"49.0":[131],"mg/dL":[132,136,140,144,149],"for":[133,137,141,145,150,174],"100.6":[135],"metformin,":[138],"20.6":[139],"55.6":[143],"60.0":[148],"7%":[153],"concentration":[154],"the":[156],"largest":[157],"descriptive":[158],"response":[159,181],"among":[160,183],"groups":[162],"but":[163],"remains":[164],"smaller":[165],"than":[166],"metformin.":[167],"Conclusion:":[168],"GEE":[169],"provides":[170],"appropriate":[172],"framework":[173],"repeated":[175],"measurements":[176],"demonstrates":[178],"distinct":[179],"patterns":[182],"treatment":[184],"groups.":[185]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-11-01T00:00:00"}