{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7224998637","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2118/1126-0014-jpt","title":"Microwave-Aided In-Situ Combustion Generates Hydrogen From Kerogen-Bearing Reservoirs","display_name":"Microwave-Aided In-Situ Combustion Generates Hydrogen From Kerogen-Bearing Reservoirs","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7224998637","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2118/1126-0014-jpt"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2118/1126-0014-jpt","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2118/1126-0014-jpt","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2118/1126-0014-jpt","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S105811054","display_name":"Journal of Petroleum Technology","issn_l":"0149-2136","issn":["0149-2136","1944-978X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4322614974","host_organization_name":"Society of Petroleum Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322614974"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Society of Petroleum Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Petroleum Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078839699","display_name":"Chris Carpenter","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0061-894X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0061-894X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chris Carpenter","raw_affiliation_strings":["JPT Technology Editor"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"JPT Technology Editor","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5078839699"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74413354,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"78","issue":"11","first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10399","display_name":"Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis","score":0.8682000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10399","display_name":"Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis","score":0.8682000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10491","display_name":"Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques","score":0.05290000140666962,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10635","display_name":"Hydraulic Fracturing and Reservoir Analysis","score":0.016200000420212746,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/in-situ-hydrogen-production","display_name":"in situ hydrogen generation","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microwave-assisted-combustion","display_name":"microwave-assisted combustion","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/in-situ-combustion","display_name":"in-situ combustion","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kerogen","display_name":"kerogen","score":0.8289999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bakken-formation","display_name":"Bakken Formation","score":0.8769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underground-hydrogen-storage","display_name":"underground hydrogen storage","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-carbon-energy-carriers","display_name":"low-carbon energy carriers","score":0.6209999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oil-reservoirs","display_name":"hydrocarbon reservoirs","score":0.7260000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crude-oil","display_name":"crude oil","score":0.3569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formation-brine","display_name":"formation brine","score":0.6359999775886536}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105923489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133235","display_name":"Combustion","level":2,"score":0.7208999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512968161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q556","display_name":"Hydrogen","level":2,"score":0.6779000163078308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779196632","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q938398","display_name":"Kerogen","level":4,"score":0.6571999788284302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78762247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1273174","display_name":"Petroleum engineering","level":1,"score":0.6359999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5199000239372253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202189072","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1929999","display_name":"Hydrogen production","level":3,"score":0.5072000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68189081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12748","display_name":"Fossil fuel","level":2,"score":0.505299985408783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777207669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43648","display_name":"Hydrocarbon","level":2,"score":0.5002999901771545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59427239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40858","display_name":"Natural gas","level":2,"score":0.46880000829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60100273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q902806","display_name":"Thermogravimetric analysis","level":2,"score":0.44519999623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21880701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2144042","display_name":"Process engineering","level":1,"score":0.38269999623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776957854","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214403","display_name":"Brine","level":2,"score":0.37130001187324524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126559015","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1988844","display_name":"Source rock","level":3,"score":0.36730000376701355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.3628000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24345647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1147488","display_name":"Unconventional oil","level":3,"score":0.3571999967098236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199289684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83353","display_name":"Mineralogy","level":1,"score":0.336899995803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.33489999175071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2982719155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25584060","display_name":"Energy source","level":3,"score":0.33340001106262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548895740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22656","display_name":"Petroleum","level":2,"score":0.3255000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3224000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204530211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752823","display_name":"Thermal","level":2,"score":0.3125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68044625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1203442","display_name":"Hydrogen storage","level":3,"score":0.3084000051021576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9682599","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11549077","display_name":"Hydrogen fuel","level":3,"score":0.3043000102043152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.2842000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48743137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1783121","display_name":"Organic matter","level":2,"score":0.27649998664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779681308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1049254","display_name":"Enhanced oil recovery","level":2,"score":0.2757999897003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.26809999346733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81803558","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7981135","display_name":"Well stimulation","level":4,"score":0.25690001249313354}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2118/1126-0014-jpt","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2118/1126-0014-jpt","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2118/1126-0014-jpt","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S105811054","display_name":"Journal of Petroleum Technology","issn_l":"0149-2136","issn":["0149-2136","1944-978X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4322614974","host_organization_name":"Society of Petroleum Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322614974"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Society of Petroleum Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Petroleum Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9987000226974487,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"},{"score":0.685699999332428,"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7154962231","https://openalex.org/W7221681754","https://openalex.org/W4396703296","https://openalex.org/W4323981479","https://openalex.org/W4320806680","https://openalex.org/W4212946021","https://openalex.org/W4376566291","https://openalex.org/W4409605921","https://openalex.org/W4308722105","https://openalex.org/W4280653801"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"_":[0,49],"This":[1,50,100],"article,":[2],"written":[3],"by":[4,26],"JPT":[5],"Technology":[6],"Editor":[7],"Chris":[8],"Carpenter,":[9],"contains":[10],"highlights":[11],"of":[12,71,121,193,320],"paper":[13,44],"SPE":[14],"231484,":[15],"\u201cIn-Situ":[16],"Hydrogen":[17,77],"Generation":[18],"from":[19,59,109,161,219],"Kerogen-Bearing":[20],"Reservoirs":[21],"Using":[22],"Microwave-Assisted":[23],"In-Situ":[24],"Combustion,\u201d":[25],"Hao":[27],"Ye,":[28],"Zinah":[29],"W.":[30],"Albabawat,":[31],"SPE,":[32,37],"and":[33,74,91,98,124,148,152,156,173,190,241,282,291,317],"Ahmet":[34],"B.":[35],"Demir,":[36],"Texas":[38],"A&M":[39],"University,":[40],"et":[41],"al.":[42],"The":[43,127,307],"has":[45],"not":[46],"been":[47],"peer-reviewed.":[48],"study":[51,101],"investigates":[52,102],"the":[53,69,103,119,162,180,187,276,285,341],"potential":[54,104],"for":[55,105,216],"in-situ":[56,106,112],"hydrogen":[57,86,107,140,185,217],"generation":[58,108,141,218],"hydrocarbons":[60,110],"using":[61,111,198,258,302,333],"in":[62,166,272],"situ":[63],"combustion,":[64],"with":[65,115,202,235],"particular":[66,116],"emphasis":[67,117],"on":[68,118],"role":[70,120],"kerogen":[72,122],"content":[73,123,189],"heating":[75,125],"mode.":[76,126],"is":[78,129],"a":[79,170,174,214,246,303,324],"promising":[80],"low-carbon":[81],"energy":[82,146],"carrier;":[83],"however,":[84],"conventional":[85,207,277],"production":[87],"methods":[88],"are":[89],"energy-intensive":[90],"face":[92],"significant":[93],"challenges":[94],"related":[95],"to":[96,130,212,230,312],"storage":[97,149],"transportation.":[99],"combustion":[113,181,268],"(ISC),":[114],"objective":[128],"evaluate":[131],"whether":[132],"hydrocarbon":[133],"reservoirs":[134],"can":[135],"function":[136],"as":[137,289],"integrated":[138],"subsurface":[139],"systems":[142],"while":[143],"minimizing":[144],"surface":[145],"input":[147],"requirements.":[150],"Materials":[151],"Method":[153],"One":[154],"kerogen-rich":[155,226],"one":[157],"kerogen-poor":[158,259],"rock":[159,172,227,260],"sample":[160],"Bakken":[163,220,236,242],"were":[164,196,210,270,300,331],"used":[165,295],"this":[167,273],"study,":[168],"representing":[169],"source":[171],"reservoir":[175],"(pay-zone)":[176],"rock,":[177],"respectively.":[178],"Before":[179],"experiments":[182,209,269,299],"aimed":[183],"at":[184,245,337],"generation,":[186],"organic":[188,265],"thermal":[191],"behavior":[192],"both":[194],"samples":[195],"characterized":[197],"thermogravimetric":[199],"analysis":[200],"coupled":[201],"differential":[203],"scanning":[204],"calorimetry.":[205],"Two":[206],"ISC":[208,278],"performed":[211],"establish":[213],"baseline":[215],"crude":[221,237],"oil.":[222],"In":[223],"Experiment":[224,251],"E1,":[225],"(approximately":[228],"equal":[229],"23-wt%":[231],"kerogen)":[232],"was":[233,253,310],"blended":[234],"oil":[238],"(46.6":[239],"\u00b0API)":[240],"formation":[243],"brine":[244],"50:50":[247],"volumetric":[248],"oil/brine":[249],"ratio.":[250],"E2":[252],"conducted":[254,271,301],"under":[255],"identical":[256],"conditions":[257],"containing":[261],"approximately":[262],"1.2-":[263],"wt%":[264],"content.":[266],"Ten":[267],"study.":[274],"Following":[275],"tests,":[279],"Experiments":[280],"E3":[281],"E4":[283],"repeated":[284],"same":[286],"rock/fluid":[287],"combinations":[288],"E1":[290],"E2,":[292],"respectively,":[293],"but":[294],"microwave-assisted":[296],"combustion.":[297],"Microwave-assisted":[298],"modified":[304],"microwave":[305,308],"oven.":[306],"cavity":[309],"customized":[311],"allow":[313],"continuous":[314],"air":[315],"injection":[316],"controlled":[318],"venting":[319],"effluent":[321],"gases":[322],"through":[323],"sealed":[325],"quartz":[326],"reaction":[327],"system.":[328],"Temperature":[329],"profiles":[330],"monitored":[332],"type-K":[334],"thermocouples":[335],"positioned":[336],"1-in.":[338],"intervals":[339],"along":[340],"tube.":[342]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-02T09:45:03.842371","created_date":"2026-11-01T00:00:00"}
