{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7224968148","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbrio.2026.1753426","title":"New ATP-dependent, multi-subunit restriction-modification systems that use split DNA methyltransferases for host protection","display_name":"New ATP-dependent, multi-subunit restriction-modification systems that use split DNA methyltransferases for host protection","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7224968148","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbrio.2026.1753426"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fbrio.2026.1753426","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbrio.2026.1753426","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbrio.2026.1753426","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/bacteriology/articles/10.3389/fbrio.2026.1753426/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387287361","display_name":"Frontiers in Bacteriology","issn_l":"2813-6144","issn":["2813-6144"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Bacteriology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/bacteriology/articles/10.3389/fbrio.2026.1753426/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087956506","display_name":"Alexey I. Fomenkov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2463-5946","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2463-5946"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115020962","display_name":"New England Biolabs (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04ywg3445","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115020962"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alexey Fomenkov","raw_affiliation_strings":["New England Biolabs Inc"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New England Biolabs Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115020962"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103288379","display_name":"Vladimir Potapov","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115020962","display_name":"New England Biolabs (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04ywg3445","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115020962"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vladimir Potapov","raw_affiliation_strings":["New England Biolabs Inc"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New England Biolabs Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115020962"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089761271","display_name":"Yvette A. Luyten","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115020962","display_name":"New England Biolabs (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04ywg3445","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115020962"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yvette A. Luyten","raw_affiliation_strings":["New England Biolabs Inc"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New England Biolabs Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115020962"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012961094","display_name":"Elisabeth A. Raleigh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0745-9925","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0745-9925"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115020962","display_name":"New England Biolabs (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04ywg3445","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115020962"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Elisabeth A. Raleigh","raw_affiliation_strings":["New England Biolabs Inc"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New England Biolabs Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115020962"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091034547","display_name":"Richard J. Roberts","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4348-0169","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4348-0169"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115020962","display_name":"New England Biolabs (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04ywg3445","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115020962"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Richard J. Roberts","raw_affiliation_strings":["New England Biolabs Inc"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New England Biolabs Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115020962"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5012961094","https://openalex.org/A5087956506","https://openalex.org/A5091034547"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115020962"],"apc_list":{"value":1950,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2353},"apc_paid":{"value":1950,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2353},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82517944,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10120","display_name":"Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology","score":0.5526999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10120","display_name":"Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology","score":0.5526999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10878","display_name":"CRISPR and Genetic Engineering","score":0.350600004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11048","display_name":"Bacteriophages and microbial interactions","score":0.039799999445676804,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nuclease-activation","display_name":"nuclease activation","score":0.5849999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nucleoside-triphosphatase","display_name":"nucleoside triphosphatase","score":0.6190000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deinococcus-radiodurans","display_name":"Deinococcus radiodurans","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/porphyromonas-endodontalis","display_name":"Porphyromonas endodontalis","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/streptobacillus-moniliformis","display_name":"Streptobacillus moniliformis","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type-i-restriction-enzymes","display_name":"type I restriction enzymes","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protein-domain-organization","display_name":"protein domain organization","score":0.5239999890327454}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777271071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422529","display_name":"Nuclease","level":3,"score":0.8274999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91965660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q415875","display_name":"Methyltransferase","level":4,"score":0.6603999733924866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C552990157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7430","display_name":"DNA","level":2,"score":0.6492999792098999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776519032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q386827","display_name":"Deinococcus radiodurans","level":3,"score":0.6055999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.5306000113487244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777028655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q415601","display_name":"Endonuclease","level":3,"score":0.5099999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104292427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899781","display_name":"Protein subunit","level":3,"score":0.5098000168800354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5062000155448914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108305142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3062286","display_name":"Heterologous expression","level":4,"score":0.5013999938964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175817850","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q953859","display_name":"Homing endonuclease","level":4,"score":0.44609999656677246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22744801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172778","display_name":"Plasmid","level":3,"score":0.4406999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175156509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1990218","display_name":"Cleavage (geology)","level":3,"score":0.4221999943256378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113035283","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909555","display_name":"Translocase","level":4,"score":0.3912999927997589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.3894999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.38359999656677246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.38350000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.3328000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32010083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2252764","display_name":"Protein\u2013DNA interaction","level":5,"score":0.3310000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181199279","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047","display_name":"Enzyme","level":2,"score":0.3262999951839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40767141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q285697","display_name":"Recombinant DNA","level":3,"score":0.3147999942302704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86756495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7702931","display_name":"Ternary complex","level":3,"score":0.2867000102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153911025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7202","display_name":"Molecular biology","level":1,"score":0.2791999876499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74884574","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171407","display_name":"Divalent","level":2,"score":0.2775999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780115692","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5747302","display_name":"Heterologous","level":3,"score":0.27149999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775954774","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899401","display_name":"Intein","level":5,"score":0.2685000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128319531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219715","display_name":"Restriction enzyme","level":3,"score":0.26660001277923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71829478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901305","display_name":"Immunoprecipitation","level":3,"score":0.2572000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167625842","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899763","display_name":"Peptide sequence","level":3,"score":0.2549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144292202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898273","display_name":"Protein domain","level":3,"score":0.25270000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47701112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735188","display_name":"Protein structure","level":2,"score":0.2502000033855438}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fbrio.2026.1753426","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbrio.2026.1753426","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbrio.2026.1753426","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/bacteriology/articles/10.3389/fbrio.2026.1753426/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387287361","display_name":"Frontiers in Bacteriology","issn_l":"2813-6144","issn":["2813-6144"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Bacteriology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2e6c83f742d044c6a2deacb50adc9b4f","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2e6c83f742d044c6a2deacb50adc9b4f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Bacteriology, Vol 5 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fbrio.2026.1753426","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbrio.2026.1753426","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbrio.2026.1753426","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/bacteriology/articles/10.3389/fbrio.2026.1753426/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387287361","display_name":"Frontiers in Bacteriology","issn_l":"2813-6144","issn":["2813-6144"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Bacteriology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307991","display_name":"New England Biolabs","ror":"https://ror.org/04ywg3445"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7224968148.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7224968148.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":57,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W327613181","https://openalex.org/W385491406","https://openalex.org/W1527452930","https://openalex.org/W1966872571","https://openalex.org/W1977311157","https://openalex.org/W1977845360","https://openalex.org/W1980379998","https://openalex.org/W1981382847","https://openalex.org/W1984783889","https://openalex.org/W1986529984","https://openalex.org/W2012950628","https://openalex.org/W2012976264","https://openalex.org/W2036099589","https://openalex.org/W2038460592","https://openalex.org/W2042031131","https://openalex.org/W2044731585","https://openalex.org/W2045743303","https://openalex.org/W2073944073","https://openalex.org/W2075327349","https://openalex.org/W2077904712","https://openalex.org/W2078005439","https://openalex.org/W2084369308","https://openalex.org/W2093436353","https://openalex.org/W2100156069","https://openalex.org/W2105364679","https://openalex.org/W2116686260","https://openalex.org/W2116982621","https://openalex.org/W2118473805","https://openalex.org/W2147418524","https://openalex.org/W2152900584","https://openalex.org/W2153993827","https://openalex.org/W2159808993","https://openalex.org/W2161247547","https://openalex.org/W2169187392","https://openalex.org/W2179631201","https://openalex.org/W2220139551","https://openalex.org/W2267357833","https://openalex.org/W2301937319","https://openalex.org/W2467942908","https://openalex.org/W2509506152","https://openalex.org/W2803388780","https://openalex.org/W2888836250","https://openalex.org/W2897717303","https://openalex.org/W2925110007","https://openalex.org/W2990747442","https://openalex.org/W3002580267","https://openalex.org/W3015300172","https://openalex.org/W3053377265","https://openalex.org/W3126260617","https://openalex.org/W4205786813","https://openalex.org/W4252397350","https://openalex.org/W4281790889","https://openalex.org/W4307838425","https://openalex.org/W4311714834","https://openalex.org/W4362622455","https://openalex.org/W4413683372","https://openalex.org/W6963485889"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1570295746","https://openalex.org/W2290381656","https://openalex.org/W3177556629","https://openalex.org/W4243634752","https://openalex.org/W1977311157","https://openalex.org/W1959253307","https://openalex.org/W2112376090","https://openalex.org/W1598076755","https://openalex.org/W4413683372","https://openalex.org/W2100156069"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,93],"prokaryotes,":[1],"host-dependent":[2],"restriction-modification":[3],"(HDRM)":[4],"systems":[5,16],"comprise":[6],"a":[7,65,207,253,292],"major":[8],"category":[9],"of":[10,20,50,58,68,75,82,87,97,183,191,221,272,297],"defense":[11],"against":[12],"DNA":[13,21,26,110,247],"invasion.":[14],"Such":[15],"monitor":[17],"the":[18,38,98,132,181,187,270],"pattern":[19],"modification":[22,40,258],"conferred":[23],"by":[24,103],"site-specific":[25],"methyltransferases":[27],"(MTase),":[28],"attacking":[29],"with":[30,71,131],"nuclease":[31,51,140],"when":[32,240],"specific":[33],"sites":[34,244],"do":[35],"not":[36,250],"carry":[37],"host":[39],"pattern.":[41],"NTPase":[42,62,137],"activity":[43,77,89],"is":[44],"often":[45],"used":[46],"to":[47,90,108,135,214],"regulate":[48],"activation":[49],"activity.":[52],"Bioinformatic":[53,278],"analysis":[54,279],"yielded":[55],"provisional":[56],"identifications":[57],"nuclease,":[59],"MTase":[60,116,125,193],"and":[61,115,138,170,189,223,227,259,301],"domains":[63,70,141],"in":[64,79,142,202],"new":[66,293],"configuration":[67,263],"component":[69,208],"novel":[72,143],"connectivity.":[73],"Confirmation":[74],"domain":[76,273],"employed":[78],"vitro":[80],"transcription-translation":[81],"epitope-tagged":[83],"proteins":[84,190],"yielding":[85],"assignment":[86],"catalytic":[88,197],"protein":[91,100],"segments.":[92],"vivo":[94],"heterologous":[95],"expression":[96],"corresponding":[99],"segments":[101],"followed":[102],"affinity":[104],"purification":[105],"allowed":[106],"us":[107],"characterize":[109],"site-requirements":[111],"for":[112],"cleavage,":[113],"ATPase":[114],"activities.":[117],"Three":[118],"representatives":[119],"from":[120,148,199],"different":[121],"phyla":[122],"employ":[123],"methylating":[124],"components":[126,201,274],"divided":[127],"into":[128],"two":[129],"parts,":[130],"parts":[133],"connected":[134],"regulatory":[136],"defensive":[139],"organizations.":[144],"The":[145,219,256],"DrdVI":[146,222],"system":[147],"Deinococcus":[149,153],"wulumuqiensis":[150],"NEB479":[151],"(formerly":[152],"radiodurans":[154],")":[155,235],"recognizes":[156],"5\u2019-GCAGCC-3\u2019,":[157],"modifying":[158,180],"only":[159],"one":[160],"strand.":[161,185],"Two":[162],"systems,":[163],"PenI":[164,224],"(":[165,172],"Porphyromonas":[166],"endodontalis":[167],"ATCC":[168],"35406)":[169],"SmoLII":[171],"Streptobacillus":[173],"moniliformis":[174],"DSM12112),":[175],"each":[176],"recognize":[177],"5\u2019-GCAGT-3\u2019,":[178],"again":[179],"A":[182],"that":[184,210,288],"Organizationally,":[186],"genes":[188],"these":[192],"activities":[194],"have":[195,206],"separated":[196],"motifs":[198],"DNA-binding":[200],"distinct":[203],"ways.":[204],"All":[205],"subunit":[209],"connects":[211],"an":[212,215],"endonuclease":[213],"NTP-hydrolyzing":[216],"translocase":[217],"domain.":[218],"endonucleases":[220],"require":[225],"(d)ATP":[226],"divalent":[228],"cations":[229],"(Mg":[230],"2+":[231,234],"or":[232],"Mn":[233],"as":[236],"cofactors.":[237],"Cleavage":[238],"occurs":[239],"head-to-head":[241],"inverted":[242,260],"recognition":[243],"are":[245],"present.":[246],"cleavage":[248,261],"does":[249],"occur":[251],"at":[252],"fixed":[254],"site.":[255],"one-strand":[257],"site":[262],"resemble":[264],"typical":[265],"Type":[266,299,302],"III":[267,303],"enzymes,":[268],"but":[269],"connectivity":[271],"sets":[275],"them":[276],"apart.":[277],"reveals":[280],"numerous":[281],"similar":[282],"putative":[283],"HDRM":[284],"systems.":[285,304],"This":[286],"suggests":[287],"they":[289],"may":[290],"represent":[291],"subtype":[294],"containing":[295],"features":[296],"both":[298],"I":[300]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-02T09:45:03.842371","created_date":"2026-10-31T00:00:00"}
