{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7224964234","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23807147","title":"The Effectiveness of International Commercial Arbitration in the Resolution of Cross-Border Commercial Disputes.","display_name":"The Effectiveness of International Commercial Arbitration in the Resolution of Cross-Border Commercial Disputes.","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7224964234","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23807147"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.23807147","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23807147","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23807147","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23807147","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160236228","display_name":"AMEO JENNIFER OGOL","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9852-0644","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9852-0644"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2752562790","display_name":"Kampala International University","ror":"https://ror.org/017g82c94","country_code":"UG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2752562790"]}],"countries":["UG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"OGOL, AMEO JENNIFER","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kampala international University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9852-0644","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kampala international University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2752562790"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5160236228"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2752562790"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86936383,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12040","display_name":"International Arbitration and Investment Law","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12040","display_name":"International Arbitration and Investment Law","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13191","display_name":"Dispute Resolution and Class Actions","score":0.0027000000700354576,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12767","display_name":"Conflict of Laws and Jurisdiction","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-commercial-arbitration","display_name":"international commercial arbitration","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cross-border-commercial-disputes","display_name":"cross-border commercial disputes","score":0.9419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/effectiveness-of-arbitration","display_name":"effectiveness of arbitration","score":0.6990000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/new-york-convention","display_name":"New York Convention","score":0.8100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enforceability-of-arbitral-awards","display_name":"enforceability of arbitral awards","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-policy-exception","display_name":"public policy exception","score":0.8759999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/judicial-intervention","display_name":"judicial intervention","score":0.47600001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emergency-arbitrator","display_name":"emergency arbitrator","score":0.6309999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/provisional-measures","display_name":"provisional measures","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-hearings","display_name":"virtual hearings","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/third-party-funding","display_name":"third-party funds","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arbitrator-independence","display_name":"arbitrator independence","score":0.8149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/procedural-justice","display_name":"procedural justice","score":0.7390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/legitimacy","display_name":"legitimacy","score":0.5360000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sub-saharan-africa","display_name":"sub-Saharan Africa","score":0.7279999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/east-africa","display_name":"East Africa","score":0.8360000252723694}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160151201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207946","display_name":"Arbitration","level":2,"score":0.6915000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780564088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3149193","display_name":"Impartiality","level":2,"score":0.6152999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71745522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2476929","display_name":"Confidentiality","level":2,"score":0.5497000217437744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779777834","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4202277","display_name":"Enforcement","level":2,"score":0.5444999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131676636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282696","display_name":"Dispute resolution","level":2,"score":0.536300003528595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776957806","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4895105","display_name":"Interim","level":2,"score":0.5131999850273132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.48100000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.4731000065803528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780608745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367293","display_name":"Convention","level":2,"score":0.4447999894618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46295352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207982","display_name":"Legitimacy","level":3,"score":0.4221999943256378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162199757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223272","display_name":"Online dispute resolution","level":4,"score":0.40950000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779848117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1187201","display_name":"International arbitration","level":3,"score":0.40799999237060547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190253527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354","display_name":"Law and economics","level":1,"score":0.3955000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778061430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188823","display_name":"Scholarship","level":2,"score":0.3862000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.38429999351501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35651441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q625303","display_name":"Independence (probability theory)","level":2,"score":0.3653999865055084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.34779998660087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.33180001378059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29122968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816","display_name":"Incentive","level":2,"score":0.30730000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55447825","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4394526","display_name":"International law","level":2,"score":0.30160000920295715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199521495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181487","display_name":"Audit","level":2,"score":0.2962999939918518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.2833000123500824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139997747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q438484","display_name":"Alternative dispute resolution","level":3,"score":0.27790001034736633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179420905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223871","display_name":"Mediation","level":2,"score":0.2777000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.2752000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188087704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q369577","display_name":"Standardization","level":2,"score":0.27239999175071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C538833194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q206937","display_name":"Civil procedure","level":2,"score":0.26899999380111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.26840001344680786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777351106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49371","display_name":"Legislation","level":2,"score":0.26499998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777834853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96776939","display_name":"Liability","level":2,"score":0.25999999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780224610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1530061","display_name":"Credibility","level":2,"score":0.25999999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204434341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q357789","display_name":"Adjudication","level":2,"score":0.2549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48798503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q877546","display_name":"Reputation","level":2,"score":0.25459998846054077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777350617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1053964","display_name":"Memorandum of understanding","level":2,"score":0.25220000743865967}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.23807147","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23807147","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23807147","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.23807148","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23807148","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23807148","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.23807147","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23807147","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23807147","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.8046000003814697,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Systematic Review","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7220973502","https://openalex.org/W4412093070","https://openalex.org/W2621000171","https://openalex.org/W7220348132","https://openalex.org/W7163386113","https://openalex.org/W2363189365","https://openalex.org/W2284351745","https://openalex.org/W6922421566","https://openalex.org/W4252591533","https://openalex.org/W7216112244"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Purpose:":[0],"International":[1],"commercial":[2,14,70],"arbitration":[3],"(ICA)":[4],"is":[5,143,171,227],"widely":[6],"presented":[7],"as":[8],"the":[9,24,30,74,86,133,150,158,166,172],"default":[10],"forum":[11],"for":[12,117,250,267],"cross-border":[13,69],"disputes,":[15],"chiefly":[16],"because":[17],"of":[18,27,149,154,163],"party":[19],"autonomy,":[20],"neutrality,":[21],"confidentiality":[22],"and":[23,50,57,62,96,102,110,119,153,168,186,201,205,211,214,218,238,259,261,269],"global":[25],"enforceability":[26,131],"awards":[28],"under":[29,63,132],"1958":[31],"New":[32,134],"York":[33,135],"Convention.":[34],"Yet":[35],"claims":[36],"about":[37],"its":[38],"effectiveness":[39,140,253],"are":[40,220],"often":[41],"asserted":[42],"rather":[43],"than":[44],"evidenced.":[45],"This":[46],"review":[47,244],"systematically":[48],"maps":[49],"critically":[51],"synthesises":[52],"scholarship":[53],"published":[54],"between":[55],"2010":[56],"2026":[58],"on":[59],"whether,":[60],"how":[61],"what":[64],"conditions":[65],"ICA":[66,252],"effectively":[67],"resolves":[68],"disputes.":[71],"Design/methodology:":[72],"Following":[73],"PRISMA":[75],"2020":[76],"reporting":[77],"guideline,":[78],"twelve":[79],"pre-defined":[80],"search":[81],"strings":[82],"were":[83,108,123],"run":[84],"in":[85,178],"Crossref":[87],"scholarly":[88],"metadata":[89],"index,":[90],"yielding":[91],"1,200":[92],"records.":[93],"After":[94],"de-duplication":[95],"staged":[97],"screening":[98],"against":[99],"explicit":[100],"inclusion":[101],"exclusion":[103],"criteria,":[104],"42":[105],"journal":[106],"articles":[107],"retained":[109],"appraised":[111],"with":[112],"an":[113,246],"adapted":[114],"quality":[115],"instrument":[116],"doctrinal":[118,230],"sociolegal":[120],"research.":[121],"Findings":[122],"synthesised":[124],"thematically.":[125],"Findings:":[126],"Five":[127],"themes":[128],"emerge:":[129],"(1)":[130],"Convention":[136],"remains":[137],"ICA's":[138,190],"strongest":[139],"claim,":[141],"but":[142,207],"qualified":[144],"by":[145,229],"divergent":[146],"national":[147],"treatment":[148],"public-policy":[151],"exception":[152],"annulled":[155],"awards;":[156],"(2)":[157],"supportive":[159],"or":[160],"interventionist":[161],"posture":[162],"courts":[164],"at":[165],"seat":[167],"enforcement":[169,210],"state":[170],"single":[173],"most":[174],"decisive":[175],"variable,":[176],"especially":[177],"Sub-":[179],"Saharan":[180],"Africa;":[181],"(3)":[182],"rising":[183],"cost,":[184],"delay":[185],"post-award":[187],"litigation":[188],"erode":[189],"efficiency":[191],"advantage;":[192],"(4)":[193],"procedural":[194,256],"innovations\u2014emergency":[195],"arbitrators,":[196],"interim":[197],"measures,":[198],"virtual":[199],"hearings":[200],"third-party":[202],"funding\u2014improve":[203],"access":[204],"speed":[206],"create":[208],"new":[209],"legitimacy":[212,258],"risks;":[213],"(5)":[215],"arbitrator":[216],"independence":[217],"impartiality":[219],"central":[221],"to":[222],"perceived":[223],"legitimacy.":[224],"The":[225,243],"literature":[226],"dominated":[228],"analysis;":[231],"robust":[232],"empirical,":[233],"outcome-based":[234],"evidence\u2014particularly":[235],"from":[236],"Africa":[237],"East":[239],"Africa\u2014is":[240],"scarce.":[241],"Originality/value:":[242],"offers":[245],"integrated,":[247],"multi-dimensional":[248],"framework":[249],"assessing":[251],"(enforceability,":[254],"efficiency,":[255],"fairness,":[257],"accessibility)":[260],"sets":[262],"out":[263],"a":[264],"research":[265],"agenda":[266],"empirical":[268],"African-focused":[270],"work.":[271]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-10-31T00:00:00"}
