{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7224960605","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2026.1941304","title":"Effects of mindfulness-based interventions on negative emotions in patients with hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis","display_name":"Effects of mindfulness-based interventions on negative emotions in patients with hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7224960605","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2026.1941304"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fcvm.2026.1941304","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2026.1941304","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2026.1941304","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cardiovascular-medicine/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2026.1941304/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595413687","display_name":"Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine","issn_l":"2297-055X","issn":["2297-055X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cardiovascular-medicine/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2026.1941304/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160236516","display_name":"Jiawei Lin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I117532281","display_name":"Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/03qb7bg95","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I117532281"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiawei Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117532281"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117532281"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160164291","display_name":"Changqun Lian","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I117532281","display_name":"Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/03qb7bg95","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I117532281"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changqun Lian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117532281"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101321416","display_name":"Guiting Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7841-3460","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7841-3460"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I117532281","display_name":"Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/03qb7bg95","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I117532281"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guiting Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117532281"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160166574","display_name":"Jiantao Liu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I117532281","display_name":"Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/03qb7bg95","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I117532281"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jiantao Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117532281"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117532281"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160199634","display_name":"Yanlang Hua","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I117532281","display_name":"Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/03qb7bg95","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I117532281"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yanlang Hua","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117532281"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117532281"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085858933","display_name":"Peijian Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0222-5675","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0222-5675"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I117532281","display_name":"Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/03qb7bg95","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I117532281"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Peijian Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117532281"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117532281"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5085858933","https://openalex.org/A5160166574","https://openalex.org/A5160199634"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117532281"],"apc_list":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"apc_paid":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72981638,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10708","display_name":"Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10708","display_name":"Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10144","display_name":"Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11083","display_name":"Cardiac Health and Mental Health","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mindfulness-based-interventions","display_name":"mindfulness-based interventions","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypertension","display_name":"hypertension","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/depressive-symptoms","display_name":"depressive symptoms","score":0.7850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anxiety","display_name":"anxiety","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perceived-stress","display_name":"perceived stress","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blood-pressure-reduction","display_name":"blood pressure reduction","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychological-distress","display_name":"psychological distress","score":0.8560000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-life","display_name":"quality of life","score":0.8640000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complementary-therapy","display_name":"complementary therapy","score":0.8679999709129333}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7379999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.6876000165939331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780444219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q341045","display_name":"Mindfulness","level":2,"score":0.63919997215271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84393581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82642","display_name":"Blood pressure","level":2,"score":0.6064000129699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C558461103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154430","display_name":"Anxiety","level":2,"score":0.5849000215530396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95190672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815382","display_name":"Meta-analysis","level":2,"score":0.5645999908447266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189708586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1504425","display_name":"Systematic review","level":3,"score":0.5422999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168563851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436668","display_name":"Randomized controlled trial","level":2,"score":0.5350000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776478404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1105187","display_name":"Cochrane Library","level":3,"score":0.5309000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777772685","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q341036","display_name":"Mindfulness-based stress reduction","level":3,"score":0.4765999913215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.46860000491142273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139265228","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5283089","display_name":"Distress","level":2,"score":0.4187000095844269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.3959999978542328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.3734999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.3598000109195709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776867660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1814941","display_name":"Depression (economics)","level":2,"score":0.3431999981403351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017945913","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5283089","display_name":"Emotional distress","level":3,"score":0.32710000872612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535046627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612","display_name":"Clinical trial","level":2,"score":0.3102000057697296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.3068999946117401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.3003000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27081682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q269829","display_name":"Placebo","level":3,"score":0.2973000109195709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779951463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268788","display_name":"Quality of life (healthcare)","level":2,"score":0.2870999872684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778213512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844935","display_name":"Coronary artery disease","level":2,"score":0.271699994802475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28804328","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7623693","display_name":"Strictly standardized mean difference","level":3,"score":0.25850000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.2563999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7493553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1520777","display_name":"Certainty","level":2,"score":0.25609999895095825}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fcvm.2026.1941304","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2026.1941304","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2026.1941304","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cardiovascular-medicine/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2026.1941304/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595413687","display_name":"Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine","issn_l":"2297-055X","issn":["2297-055X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b00353413d9c4ff8a362726f56fdaedf","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b00353413d9c4ff8a362726f56fdaedf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, Vol 13 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fcvm.2026.1941304","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2026.1941304","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2026.1941304","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cardiovascular-medicine/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2026.1941304/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595413687","display_name":"Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine","issn_l":"2297-055X","issn":["2297-055X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review","display_name":"Systematic Review"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/meta-analysis","display_name":"Meta-Analysis"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7224960605.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7224960605.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2033212262","https://openalex.org/W2901222467","https://openalex.org/W2997057420","https://openalex.org/W3088488554","https://openalex.org/W3095363526","https://openalex.org/W3108372665","https://openalex.org/W3118615836","https://openalex.org/W3135844942","https://openalex.org/W3154379476","https://openalex.org/W3170756109","https://openalex.org/W4210444072","https://openalex.org/W4280521653","https://openalex.org/W4283588679","https://openalex.org/W4303983404","https://openalex.org/W4313559750","https://openalex.org/W4321440673","https://openalex.org/W4377291496","https://openalex.org/W4377564393","https://openalex.org/W4378783077","https://openalex.org/W4392368886","https://openalex.org/W4396597537","https://openalex.org/W4399386177","https://openalex.org/W4405473628","https://openalex.org/W4405530113","https://openalex.org/W4409119553","https://openalex.org/W4411090459","https://openalex.org/W4414371616","https://openalex.org/W4417274048"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6977593930","https://openalex.org/W4396597537","https://openalex.org/W3135844942","https://openalex.org/W4297473087","https://openalex.org/W4389472960","https://openalex.org/W7121169547","https://openalex.org/W7166746833","https://openalex.org/W4304190362","https://openalex.org/W4281728634","https://openalex.org/W3023993340"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background":[0],"Psychological":[1],"distress":[2],"is":[3],"common":[4],"in":[5,25,63,215,230],"hypertension":[6,216,231],"and":[7,20,34,47,95,128,160,195,199,205,217],"may":[8,218],"impair":[9],"disease":[10],"management.":[11,232],"Mindfulness-based":[12,210],"interventions":[13,62,115,211],"have":[14],"been":[15],"proposed":[16],"to":[17,52,126,136,149,158,170,181,184],"improve":[18,212],"emotional":[19],"health-related":[21],"outcomes,":[22],"but":[23],"evidence":[24,99,189],"this":[26],"population":[27],"remains":[28],"limited.":[29],"Methods":[30],"This":[31],"systematic":[32],"review":[33],"meta-analysis":[35],"followed":[36],"PRISMA":[37],"guidelines.":[38],"PubMed,":[39],"Embase,":[40],"Web":[41],"of":[42,60,87,98,176,188,207],"Science,":[43],"the":[44,92,96,103,186],"Cochrane":[45,93],"Library,":[46],"CNKI":[48],"were":[49,69,112,172],"searched":[50],"up":[51],"December":[53],"31,":[54],"2025,":[55],"for":[56,192,201],"randomized":[57],"controlled":[58],"trials":[59,108],"mindfulness":[61],"adults":[64],"with":[65,76,91,109],"hypertension.":[66],"Continuous":[67],"outcomes":[68,214],"pooled":[70],"as":[71,226],"standardized":[72],"mean":[73],"differences":[74],"(SMDs)":[75],"95%":[77,123,133,146,155,167],"confidence":[78],"intervals":[79],"(CIs)":[80],"using":[81,102],"fixed-":[82],"or":[83],"random-effects":[84],"models.":[85],"Risk":[86,175],"bias":[88,177],"was":[89,100,140,178,190],"assessed":[90],"tool,":[94],"certainty":[97,187],"evaluated":[101],"GRADE":[104],"approach.":[105],"Results":[106],"Nine":[107],"780":[110],"participants":[111],"included.":[113],"Mindfulness":[114],"significantly":[116],"reduced":[117,142],"depressive":[118],"symptoms":[119],"(SMD":[120,130,143,152,164],"=":[121,131,144,153,165],"\u22121.19,":[122],"CI:":[124,134,147,156,168],"\u22121.74":[125],"\u22120.64)":[127],"anxiety":[129],"\u22121.43,":[132],"\u22122.48":[135],"\u22120.39).":[137],"Perceived":[138],"stress":[139],"also":[141],"\u22120.53,":[145],"\u22120.82":[148],"\u22120.24).":[150],"Systolic":[151],"\u22122.10,":[154],"\u22123.81":[157],"\u22120.38)":[159],"diastolic":[161,196],"blood":[162,197,221],"pressure":[163],"\u22121.55,":[166],"\u22122.69":[169],"\u22120.42)":[171],"modestly":[173,219],"reduced.":[174],"generally":[179],"low":[180,200],"moderate.":[182],"According":[183],"GRADE,":[185],"moderate":[191],"depression,":[193],"systolic":[194],"pressure,":[198,222],"anxiety,":[202],"perceived":[203],"stress,":[204],"quality":[206],"life.":[208],"Conclusions":[209],"psychological":[213],"lower":[220],"supporting":[223],"their":[224],"use":[225],"a":[227],"complementary":[228],"strategy":[229],"Systematic":[233],"Review":[234],"Registration":[235],"https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/":[236],",":[237],"PROSPERO":[238],"CRD420261328666":[239]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-02T09:45:03.842371","created_date":"2026-10-31T00:00:00"}