{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7224956265","doi":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202610.3062.v1","title":"Subtype-Resolved Secretome and Surface-Marker Remapping of Lung Fibroblasts in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis","display_name":"Subtype-Resolved Secretome and Surface-Marker Remapping of Lung Fibroblasts in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7224956265","doi":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202610.3062.v1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.20944/preprints202610.3062.v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202610.3062.v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202610.3062.v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S6309402219","display_name":"Preprints.org","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202610.3062.v1","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103212678","display_name":"Chen Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7806-5723","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7806-5723"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chen Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7806-5723","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160192657","display_name":"Deze Li","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Deze Li","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160184690","display_name":"Hao Chen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103212678"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10870","display_name":"Interstitial Lung Diseases and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10870","display_name":"Interstitial Lung Diseases and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11289","display_name":"Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11330","display_name":"Systemic Sclerosis and Related Diseases","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2734","display_name":"Pathology and Forensic Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/idiopathic-pulmonary-fibrosis","display_name":"idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lung-fibroblasts","display_name":"lung fibroblasts","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fibroblast-subtypes","display_name":"fibroblast subtypes","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secretome","display_name":"secretome","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cell-surface-markers","display_name":"cell surface markers","score":0.8140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/myofibroblast-differentiation","display_name":"myofibroblast differentiation","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemokines","display_name":"chemokines","score":0.656000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/csf-1","display_name":"CSF-1","score":0.7269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/has1","display_name":"HAS1","score":0.6159999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plin2","display_name":"PLIN2","score":0.9269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vegf-a","display_name":"VEGF-A","score":0.753000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cd34","display_name":"CD34","score":0.6869999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/podoplanin","display_name":"podoplanin","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cd73","display_name":"CD73","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cd10","display_name":"CD10","score":0.7599999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fibroblast-isolation","display_name":"fibroblast isolation","score":0.5419999957084656}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778341716","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2290446","display_name":"Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis","level":3,"score":0.6959999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13373296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q421866","display_name":"Chemokine","level":3,"score":0.6923999786376953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207865475","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1467330","display_name":"Myofibroblast","level":3,"score":0.6801000237464905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780381497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q463418","display_name":"Fibroblast","level":3,"score":0.6726999878883362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777714996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7886","display_name":"Lung","level":2,"score":0.5396999716758728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780559512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q605709","display_name":"Fibrosis","level":2,"score":0.526199996471405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5858377","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q986112","display_name":"CXCL10","level":4,"score":0.4894999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.48829999566078186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116716535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5009851","display_name":"CD90","level":4,"score":0.4691999852657318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68324877","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q421859","display_name":"Interleukin 8","level":3,"score":0.4560999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.44449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781244666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q32446","display_name":"Pulmonary fibrosis","level":3,"score":0.43160000443458557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18431079","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1502169","display_name":"Gene expression profiling","level":4,"score":0.3853999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.38519999384880066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502942594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3421914","display_name":"Cancer research","level":1,"score":0.38420000672340393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162317418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q252857","display_name":"Transcriptome","level":4,"score":0.366100013256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776914184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101991","display_name":"Inflammation","level":2,"score":0.3630000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.35670000314712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25532541","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q655541","display_name":"CXCR3","level":5,"score":0.335099995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198826908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1922379","display_name":"Mesenchymal stem cell","level":2,"score":0.32030001282691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17502307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q411999","display_name":"CXCL9","level":5,"score":0.29600000381469727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781197716","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864574","display_name":"Biomarker","level":2,"score":0.2883000075817108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127716648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104053","display_name":"Phenotype","level":3,"score":0.2831999957561493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.27959999442100525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189014844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189118","display_name":"Cell type","level":3,"score":0.2775999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13425408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5014882","display_name":"CXCL11","level":5,"score":0.275299996137619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150194340","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26972","display_name":"Gene expression","level":3,"score":0.27320000529289246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81885089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189082","display_name":"Cell culture","level":2,"score":0.2685999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.26579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101666144","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2587862","display_name":"CCL2","level":4,"score":0.26429998874664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778690821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212354","display_name":"Cytokine","level":2,"score":0.25619998574256897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156399914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7444454","display_name":"Secretory protein","level":3,"score":0.25119999051094055}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.20944/preprints202610.3062.v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202610.3062.v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202610.3062.v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S6309402219","display_name":"Preprints.org","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.20944/preprints202610.3062.v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202610.3062.v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202610.3062.v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S6309402219","display_name":"Preprints.org","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8371999859809875,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3137549971","https://openalex.org/W1958247404","https://openalex.org/W3157721744","https://openalex.org/W3216516716","https://openalex.org/W2811237680","https://openalex.org/W4400468773","https://openalex.org/W3008190744","https://openalex.org/W4327546875","https://openalex.org/W4389992250","https://openalex.org/W7153474719"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Single-cell":[0],"atlases":[1],"have":[2],"resolved":[3,152],"the":[4,31,53,126,157],"fibroblast":[5,245],"compartment":[6],"of":[7,37,47,63,91,112,138,244],"idiopathic":[8],"pulmonary":[9],"fibrosis":[10],"(IPF)":[11],"into":[12],"discrete":[13],"subtypes":[14,141,155],"[1],":[15,56],"but":[16],"subtype-resolved":[17],"secretory":[18,231],"output":[19],"and":[20,60,67,125,131,196,208,218,241],"surface-marker":[21],"logic":[22],"for":[23,239],"prospective":[24],"isolation":[25],"remain":[26],"incompletely":[27],"defined.":[28],"We":[29],"re-analyzed":[30],"Habermann":[32],"et":[33],"al.":[34],"single-cell":[35],"atlas":[36],"fibrotic":[38,248],"lung":[39],"(GSE135893;":[40],"114,396":[41],"cells,":[42,46,92],"including":[43],"3,605":[44],"fibroblast-lineage":[45],"which":[48],"2,653":[49],"IPF/control":[50],"cells":[51,139],"entered":[52],"main":[54],"contrasts)":[55],"quantifying":[57],"detection":[58],"rates":[59],"mean":[61],"expression":[62],"72":[64],"secreted":[65],"genes":[66],"16":[68],"candidate":[69],"surface":[70],"markers":[71],"across":[72,140,194,223],"four":[73,154],"curated":[74],"subtypes,":[75],"validated":[76],"by":[77,212],"full-transcriptome":[78],"re-clustering.":[79],"Inflammatory":[80],"chemokine":[81,220],"production":[82],"was":[83,106,192],"concentrated":[84],"in":[85,89,94,135,170,187,202,233,247],"HAS1-high":[86],"fibroblasts":[87,98],"(CXCL2":[88],"70.4%":[90],"CXCL8":[93],"46.9%),":[95],"whereas":[96,165],"PLIN2+":[97],"carried":[99],"an":[100],"angiogenic":[101],"bias":[102],"(VEGFA":[103],"65.6%).":[104],"CSF1":[105,217],"silenced":[107],"upon":[108],"myofibroblast":[109,179],"differentiation":[110],"irrespective":[111],"diagnosis":[113],"(fibroblasts":[114],"34.2\u201348.6%":[115],"versus":[116],"myofibroblasts":[117],"8.7\u201314.8%),":[118],"a":[119,175,236],"differentiation-linked":[120],"rather":[121],"than":[122],"disease-specific":[123],"switch,":[124],"interferon-\u03b3\u2013inducible":[127],"chemokines":[128],"CXCL9,":[129,145],"CXCL10":[130],"CXCL11":[132],"were":[133,209],"detected":[134],"only":[136],"0.0\u20132.6%":[137],"(maximum":[142],"2.6%":[143],"=":[144],"5/196":[146],"control":[147],"myofibroblasts).":[148],"A":[149],"CD34-low/PDPN-high/CD73-high/FAP+":[150],"panel":[151],"all":[153],"at":[156],"marginal":[158],"transcript":[159],"level":[160],"(pending":[161],"joint,":[162],"antibody-level":[163],"validation),":[164],"CD90":[166],"lost":[167],"discriminatory":[168],"value":[169],"disease.":[171],"CD10":[172],"(MME)":[173],"marked":[174],"control-enriched,":[176],"putatively":[177],"resolving":[178],"state":[180],"that":[181],"contracted":[182],"from":[183],"23.0%":[184],"to":[185],"5.4%":[186],"IPF;":[188],"its":[189],"interleukin-4":[190],"induction":[191],"tested":[193],"cohorts":[195,205],"remains":[197],"unresolved.":[198],"Key":[199],"findings":[200],"replicated":[201],"two":[203],"independent":[204],"(GSE136831;":[206],"GSE122960)":[207],"spatially":[210],"corroborated":[211],"GeoMx":[213],"profiling":[214],"(GSE255174),":[215],"while":[216],"compartment-level":[219],"effects":[221],"varied":[222],"cohorts.":[224],"Fibroblast":[225],"subsets":[226],"thus":[227],"carry":[228],"distinct,":[229],"isolable":[230],"identities":[232],"IPF,":[234],"providing":[235],"transcriptome-resolved":[237],"resource":[238],"protein-level":[240],"spatial":[242],"validation":[243],"functions":[246],"lung.":[249]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-01T11:40:01.658920","created_date":"2026-10-31T00:00:00"}