{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7224927385","doi":"https://doi.org/10.58257/ijprems55070","title":"AI- BASED EMAIL SPAM DETECTION","display_name":"AI- BASED EMAIL SPAM DETECTION","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7224927385","doi":"https://doi.org/10.58257/ijprems55070"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.58257/ijprems55070","doi":"https://doi.org/10.58257/ijprems55070","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.58257/ijprems55070","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.58257/ijprems55070","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387284908","display_name":"International Journal of Progressive Research in Engineering Management and Science","issn_l":"2583-1062","issn":["2583-1062"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Progressive Research in Engineering Management and Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.58257/ijprems55070","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89071337,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12262","display_name":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11550","display_name":"Text and Document Classification Technologies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spam-email-detection","display_name":"email spam detection","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spam-filtering","display_name":"spam filtering","score":0.671999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/explainable-ai","display_name":"explainable AI","score":0.777999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-robustness","display_name":"adversarial robustness","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"transformer models","score":0.625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bert","display_name":"BERT","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hybrid-architecture","display_name":"hybrid architecture","score":0.5989999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phishing-detection","display_name":"phishing detection","score":0.5680000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-evaluation","display_name":"adversarial evaluation","score":0.6140000224113464}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.8457000255584717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8101000189781189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86251818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816754","display_name":"Benchmarking","level":2,"score":0.7731000185012817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C541664917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14001","display_name":"Malware","level":2,"score":0.65829998254776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127735637","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2306702","display_name":"Spambot","level":4,"score":0.5558000206947327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5465999841690063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83860907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q135005","display_name":"Phishing","level":3,"score":0.5374000072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5350000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.5059000253677368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58642233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8269924","display_name":"Taxonomy (biology)","level":2,"score":0.45089998841285706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.43059998750686646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3684000074863434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.36649999022483826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984842247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep neural networks","level":3,"score":0.3425999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157310412","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3140915","display_name":"Forum spam","level":5,"score":0.3100999891757965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.26910001039505005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187191949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1138496","display_name":"Profiling (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.26159998774528503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20136886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749647","display_name":"Interoperability","level":2,"score":0.25600001215934753}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.58257/ijprems55070","doi":"https://doi.org/10.58257/ijprems55070","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.58257/ijprems55070","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.58257/ijprems55070","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387284908","display_name":"International Journal of Progressive Research in Engineering Management and Science","issn_l":"2583-1062","issn":["2583-1062"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Progressive Research in Engineering Management and Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.58257/ijprems55070","doi":"https://doi.org/10.58257/ijprems55070","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.58257/ijprems55070","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.58257/ijprems55070","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387284908","display_name":"International Journal of Progressive Research in Engineering Management and Science","issn_l":"2583-1062","issn":["2583-1062"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Progressive Research in Engineering Management and Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7224927385.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7224927385.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4414790557"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4413394875","https://openalex.org/W7169613946","https://openalex.org/W7220787296","https://openalex.org/W7133557118","https://openalex.org/W4416011513","https://openalex.org/W7117249030","https://openalex.org/W4414582290","https://openalex.org/W4408972420","https://openalex.org/W6945438190","https://openalex.org/W7165657042"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Email":[0],"spam":[1,37,91,107,149,179],"is":[2],"an":[3,170],"ongoing":[4],"challenge":[5],"for":[6,36,83,174],"cybersecurity":[7],"professionals.Malicious":[8],"messages":[9],"such":[10],"as":[11,77,196,198],"phishing":[12],"attempts,":[13],"malware":[14],"distribution":[15],"and":[16,28,69,86,102,120,147,165,177,191,204],"fraudulent":[17],"advertisements":[18],"constantly":[19],"mutate":[20],"to":[21,89,168],"evade":[22],"detection":[23,45,65,108,180],"systems.Artificial":[24],"intelligence,":[25],"especially":[26],"machine":[27,112],"deep":[29,73,114,162],"learning,":[30,113,115],"has":[31],"become":[32],"the":[33,125,136,141,157,185,189,199],"dominant":[34],"method":[35],"filtering,":[38,161],"with":[39,57,193],"transformer-based":[40],"models":[41,74],"like":[42],"BERT":[43],"reaching":[44],"accuracies":[46],"above":[47],"98%":[48],"on":[49,93,124],"benchmark":[50],"datasets.But":[51],"existing":[52],"AI-based":[53,106],"systems":[54],"are":[55,87],"faced":[56],"a":[58,99],"fundamental":[59],"trade-off":[60],"among":[61],"three":[62],"competing":[63],"goals:":[64],"accuracy,":[66],"model":[67],"explainability,":[68,140,167],"adversarial":[70,90,145,202],"robustness.High":[71],"accuracy":[72],"usually":[75],"act":[76],"black":[78],"boxes,":[79],"without":[80],"any":[81],"explanation":[82],"their":[84],"decisions,":[85],"vulnerable":[88],"designed":[92],"purpose.In":[94],"this":[95],"paper,":[96],"we":[97],"provide":[98,169],"systematic":[100],"taxonomy":[101],"comparative":[103],"study":[104],"of":[105,131,138,143,159,201],"methods":[109],"including":[110,135],"classical":[111],"transformer":[116],"models,":[117],"hybrid":[118],"architectures":[119],"explainable":[121],"AI":[122],"approaches.Based":[123],"undertaken":[126],"analysis,":[127],"five":[128],"key":[129],"areas":[130],"investigation":[132],"were":[133],"determined,":[134],"absence":[137],"designlevel":[139],"lack":[142],"standardized":[144],"evaluation,":[146],"multilingual":[148,205],"neglect.A":[150],"three-layer":[151],"framework":[152],"was":[153],"proposed,":[154],"which":[155],"combines":[156],"principles":[158],"lightweight":[160],"semantic":[163],"analyses,":[164],"built-in":[166],"effective":[171],"theoretical":[172],"basis":[173],"developing":[175],"practical":[176],"dependable":[178],"models.The":[181],"next":[182],"step":[183],"in":[184],"research":[186],"should":[187],"be":[188],"implementation":[190],"experimentation":[192],"these":[194],"ideas,":[195],"well":[197],"conduct":[200],"benchmarking":[203],"extensions.":[206]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-10-31T00:00:00"}
