{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7224916138","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33050/atm.v10i3.2649","title":"Determinants of Student Loyalty in Higher Education Through a Systematic Review","display_name":"Determinants of Student Loyalty in Higher Education Through a Systematic Review","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7224916138","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33050/atm.v10i3.2649"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.33050/atm.v10i3.2649","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33050/atm.v10i3.2649","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.33050/atm.v10i3.2649","pdf_url":"https://ijc.ilearning.co/ATM/article/download/2649/974.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210212165","display_name":"Aptisi Transactions on Management (ATM)","issn_l":"2622-6804","issn":["2622-6804","2622-6812"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"APTISI Transactions on Management (ATM)","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://ijc.ilearning.co/ATM/article/download/2649/974.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133915263","display_name":"Bonar Napitupulu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9277-8431","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9277-8431"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405275532","display_name":"Universitas Insan Pembangunan Indonesia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rtq0g30","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405275532"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bonar Napitupulu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitas Insan Pembangunan Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitas Insan Pembangunan Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405275532"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160192063","display_name":"Istajib Kulla Himmy Azz","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405275532","display_name":"Universitas Insan Pembangunan Indonesia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rtq0g30","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405275532"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Istajib Kulla Himmy Azz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitas Insan Pembangunan Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitas Insan Pembangunan Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405275532"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019753738","display_name":"Dhaniel Hutagalung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0581-6351","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0581-6351"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405275532","display_name":"Universitas Insan Pembangunan Indonesia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rtq0g30","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405275532"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dhaniel Hutagalung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitas Insan Pembangunan Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitas Insan Pembangunan Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405275532"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017587734","display_name":"Dwi Ferdiyatmoko Cahya Kumoro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3771-6773","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3771-6773"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405275532","display_name":"Universitas Insan Pembangunan Indonesia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rtq0g30","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405275532"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dwi Ferdiyatmoko Cahya Kumoro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitas Insan Pembangunan Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitas Insan Pembangunan Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405275532"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120750938","display_name":"Ramiro Santiago Ikhsan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3957-8576","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3957-8576"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ramiro Santiago Ikhsan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ilearning Incorporation"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ilearning Incorporation","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"3","first_page":"346","last_page":"359"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10154","display_name":"Customer Service Quality and Loyalty","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10154","display_name":"Customer Service Quality and Loyalty","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10145","display_name":"Consumer Behavior in Brand Consumption and Identification","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10267","display_name":"Higher Education Research Studies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-loyalty","display_name":"student loyalty","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/higher-education","display_name":"higher education","score":0.8330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service-quality","display_name":"service quality","score":0.9649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/e-service-quality","display_name":"e-service quality","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/institutional-image","display_name":"institutional image","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corporate-social-responsibility","display_name":"corporate social responsibility","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/university-reputation","display_name":"university reputation","score":0.6439999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-satisfaction","display_name":"student satisfaction","score":0.9319999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trust","display_name":"trust","score":0.6010000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/institutional-attachment","display_name":"institutional attachment","score":0.574999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/e-learning","display_name":"online learning","score":0.4000000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-and-privacy","display_name":"privacy and security","score":0.5509999990463257}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776967331","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132131","display_name":"Loyalty","level":2,"score":0.7922000288963318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120912362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q136822","display_name":"Higher education","level":2,"score":0.6547999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779885105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182263","display_name":"Empathy","level":2,"score":0.5557000041007996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83867959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q371467","display_name":"Scopus","level":3,"score":0.5117999911308289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.4991999864578247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189708586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1504425","display_name":"Systematic review","level":3,"score":0.4684000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.44999998807907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.446399986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.43149998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140781008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1221081","display_name":"Service quality","level":3,"score":0.414000004529953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.390500009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.36000001430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.34119999408721924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3255000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777146004","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14949826","display_name":"CLARITY","level":2,"score":0.25189998745918274}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.33050/atm.v10i3.2649","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33050/atm.v10i3.2649","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.33050/atm.v10i3.2649","pdf_url":"https://ijc.ilearning.co/ATM/article/download/2649/974.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210212165","display_name":"Aptisi Transactions on Management (ATM)","issn_l":"2622-6804","issn":["2622-6804","2622-6812"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"APTISI Transactions on Management (ATM)","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.33050/atm.v10i3.2649","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33050/atm.v10i3.2649","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.33050/atm.v10i3.2649","pdf_url":"https://ijc.ilearning.co/ATM/article/download/2649/974.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210212165","display_name":"Aptisi Transactions on Management (ATM)","issn_l":"2622-6804","issn":["2622-6804","2622-6812"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"APTISI Transactions on Management (ATM)","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.753600001335144,"display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review","display_name":"Systematic Review"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7224916138.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7224916138.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4378807921"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7164382893","https://openalex.org/W2052116337","https://openalex.org/W6893200941","https://openalex.org/W7127152740","https://openalex.org/W2963211015","https://openalex.org/W2111771424","https://openalex.org/W7164887259","https://openalex.org/W232795533","https://openalex.org/W2788435832","https://openalex.org/W3214043830"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Student":[0],"loyalty":[1,110,141,180,196],"has":[2],"become":[3],"an":[4,93],"important":[5,94],"issue":[6],"in":[7,41,80,96,162,209],"higher":[8],"education.":[9],"However,":[10],"the":[11,66,70,73,154,157,178,194,200,210],"existing":[12],"literature":[13,197],"remains":[14],"fragmented,":[15],"with":[16],"discussions":[17],"spread":[18],"across":[19],"service":[20,23,83],"quality,":[21,24],"digital":[22,107],"institutional":[25,133],"image,":[26,134],"and":[27,56,69,90,100,126,136,148,170,198,205],"social":[28],"responsibility.":[29],"This":[30,173],"review":[31,71,129,188],"examines":[32],"how":[33],"these":[34],"different":[35],"streams":[36],"of":[37,47,121,147,164,193,202],"research":[38,208],"come":[39],"together":[40,190],"explaining":[42],"student":[43,98,195],"loyalty.":[44,105],"A":[45],"total":[46],"47":[48],"English-language":[49],"empirical":[50],"journal":[51],"articles":[52],"published":[53],"between":[54],"2000":[55],"2025":[57],"were":[58],"selected":[59],"for":[60],"analysis.":[61],"Scopus":[62],"was":[63],"used":[64],"as":[65,87],"primary":[67],"database,":[68],"followed":[72],"PRISMA":[74],"approach.":[75,172],"The":[76,128],"findings":[77],"indicate":[78],"that,":[79],"face-to-face":[81],"settings,":[82,108],"quality":[84],"dimensions":[85],"such":[86],"responsiveness,":[88,116],"reliability,":[89],"empathy":[91],"play":[92],"role":[95],"shaping":[97],"satisfaction":[99],"trust,":[101],"which":[102],"then":[103],"support":[104],"In":[106],"however,":[109],"is":[111],"influenced":[112],"not":[113,183],"only":[114],"by":[115,119,142],"but":[117],"also":[118],"ease":[120],"use,":[122],"system":[123],"availability,":[124],"privacy,":[125],"security.":[127],"further":[130],"shows":[131],"that":[132],"reputation,":[135],"CSR/USR-related":[137],"initiatives":[138],"can":[139],"strengthen":[140],"reinforcing":[143],"students\u2019":[144],"positive":[145],"evaluations":[146],"attachment":[149],"to":[150],"their":[151],"institutions.":[152],"At":[153],"same":[155],"time,":[156],"reviewed":[158],"studies":[159],"vary":[160],"considerably":[161],"terms":[163],"context,":[165],"ownership":[166],"type,":[167],"delivery":[168],"mode,":[169],"measurement":[171],"variation":[174],"helps":[175],"explain":[176],"why":[177],"reported":[179],"pathways":[181],"are":[182],"always":[184],"consistent.":[185],"Overall,":[186],"this":[187],"brings":[189],"several":[191],"strands":[192],"highlights":[199],"importance":[201],"more":[203],"context-sensitive":[204],"methodologically":[206],"robust":[207],"future.":[211]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-10-31T00:00:00"}
