{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7224905246","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cogs.70276","title":"Timing Matters: Cross\u2010Codal Integration of Bridging Event Information Happens While Viewing Picture Stories","display_name":"Timing Matters: Cross\u2010Codal Integration of Bridging Event Information Happens While Viewing Picture Stories","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7224905246","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cogs.70276","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42961095","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13721777"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/cogs.70276","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cogs.70276","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cogs.70276","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/cogs.70276","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S78735424","display_name":"Cognitive Science","issn_l":"0364-0213","issn":["0364-0213","1551-6709"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cognitive Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/cogs.70276","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036629569","display_name":"Ay\u015fe Candan \u015eim\u015fek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2668-3850","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2668-3850"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136238","display_name":"Leibniz-Institut f\u00fcr Wissensmedien","ror":"https://ror.org/03hv28176","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I315704651","https://openalex.org/I4210136238"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ay\u015fe Candan \u015eim\u015fek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Foundation for Media in Education Leibniz\u2010Institut f\u00fcr Wissensmedien  Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2668-3850","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Foundation for Media in Education Leibniz\u2010Institut f\u00fcr Wissensmedien  Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136238"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005291932","display_name":"Frank Papenmeier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5566-9658","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5566-9658"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8087733","display_name":"University of T\u00fcbingen","ror":"https://ror.org/03a1kwz48","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8087733"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frank Papenmeier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology Eberhard Karls Universit\u00e4t  T\u00fcbingen Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5566-9658","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology Eberhard Karls Universit\u00e4t  T\u00fcbingen Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8087733"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015851623","display_name":"Julia Henner","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8087733","display_name":"University of T\u00fcbingen","ror":"https://ror.org/03a1kwz48","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8087733"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Julia Henner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology Eberhard Karls Universit\u00e4t  T\u00fcbingen Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology Eberhard Karls Universit\u00e4t  T\u00fcbingen Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8087733"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031057897","display_name":"Irina R Brich","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6425-290X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6425-290X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136238","display_name":"Leibniz-Institut f\u00fcr Wissensmedien","ror":"https://ror.org/03hv28176","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I315704651","https://openalex.org/I4210136238"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Irina R. Brich","raw_affiliation_strings":["Foundation for Media in Education Leibniz\u2010Institut f\u00fcr Wissensmedien  Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6425-290X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Foundation for Media in Education Leibniz\u2010Institut f\u00fcr Wissensmedien  Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136238"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045305880","display_name":"Markus Huff","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1433-4656","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1433-4656"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136238","display_name":"Leibniz-Institut f\u00fcr Wissensmedien","ror":"https://ror.org/03hv28176","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I315704651","https://openalex.org/I4210136238"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8087733","display_name":"University of T\u00fcbingen","ror":"https://ror.org/03a1kwz48","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8087733"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Markus Huff","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology Eberhard Karls Universit\u00e4t  T\u00fcbingen Germany","Foundation for Media in Education Leibniz\u2010Institut f\u00fcr Wissensmedien  Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1433-4656","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology Eberhard Karls Universit\u00e4t  T\u00fcbingen Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8087733"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Foundation for Media in Education Leibniz\u2010Institut f\u00fcr Wissensmedien  Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136238"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5036629569"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136238"],"apc_list":{"value":4000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4000},"apc_paid":{"value":4000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4000},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95815335,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"50","issue":"11","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12390","display_name":"Comics and Graphic Narratives","score":0.6039999723434448,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1213","display_name":"Visual Arts and Performing Arts"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12390","display_name":"Comics and Graphic Narratives","score":0.6039999723434448,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1213","display_name":"Visual Arts and Performing Arts"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12461","display_name":"Narrative Theory and Analysis","score":0.19169999659061432,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1208","display_name":"Literature and Literary Theory"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10465","display_name":"Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism","score":0.06809999793767929,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comics","display_name":"comics","score":0.7820000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/picture-stories","display_name":"picture stories","score":0.7419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/narrative-comprehension","display_name":"narrative comprehension","score":0.7360000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viewing-time","display_name":"viewing time","score":0.6679999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/event-cognition","display_name":"event cognition","score":0.6729999780654907}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174348530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188635","display_name":"Bridging (networking)","level":2,"score":0.8783000111579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199033989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318295","display_name":"Narrative","level":2,"score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96199812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145290","display_name":"Mental representation","level":3,"score":0.6589999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.6172999739646912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.5782999992370605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779662365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5416694","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","level":2,"score":0.5555999875068665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5252000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67359045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14026181","display_name":"Event-related potential","level":3,"score":0.4399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87868495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750843","display_name":"Information processing","level":2,"score":0.4368000030517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.43149998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529099274","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1004","display_name":"Comics","level":2,"score":0.41350001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777810175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5416730","display_name":"Event structure","level":2,"score":0.39660000801086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123606473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q907918","display_name":"Complex event processing","level":3,"score":0.3393999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.3346000015735626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.33250001072883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33326189","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17092450","display_name":"Information integration","level":2,"score":0.30869999527931213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.2888999879360199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48677424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888088","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","level":2,"score":0.25369998812675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.2502000033855438}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D032882","descriptor_name":"Comprehension","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D033262","descriptor_name":"Narration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/cogs.70276","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cogs.70276","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cogs.70276","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/cogs.70276","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S78735424","display_name":"Cognitive Science","issn_l":"0364-0213","issn":["0364-0213","1551-6709"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cognitive Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13721777","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13721777/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13721777/pdf/COGS-50-e70276.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cogn Sci","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:42961095","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42961095","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cognitive science","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/cogs.70276","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cogs.70276","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cogs.70276","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/cogs.70276","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S78735424","display_name":"Cognitive Science","issn_l":"0364-0213","issn":["0364-0213","1551-6709"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cognitive Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7224905246.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7224905246.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":63,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W651983059","https://openalex.org/W1866095408","https://openalex.org/W1873046971","https://openalex.org/W1891674665","https://openalex.org/W1964066997","https://openalex.org/W1985403655","https://openalex.org/W1985876211","https://openalex.org/W1985953330","https://openalex.org/W1986216856","https://openalex.org/W1990689692","https://openalex.org/W1992031418","https://openalex.org/W1996702938","https://openalex.org/W2005567981","https://openalex.org/W2010707445","https://openalex.org/W2015370261","https://openalex.org/W2022966109","https://openalex.org/W2026331691","https://openalex.org/W2031191033","https://openalex.org/W2052447448","https://openalex.org/W2056800115","https://openalex.org/W2057342209","https://openalex.org/W2058290325","https://openalex.org/W2059812646","https://openalex.org/W2062318970","https://openalex.org/W2063588175","https://openalex.org/W2066087273","https://openalex.org/W2066370466","https://openalex.org/W2071111814","https://openalex.org/W2081609160","https://openalex.org/W2084015864","https://openalex.org/W2095685676","https://openalex.org/W2103857331","https://openalex.org/W2110332960","https://openalex.org/W2112601319","https://openalex.org/W2114766444","https://openalex.org/W2141086994","https://openalex.org/W2141185178","https://openalex.org/W2141845152","https://openalex.org/W2150375089","https://openalex.org/W2159085775","https://openalex.org/W2175108913","https://openalex.org/W2361543908","https://openalex.org/W2416020323","https://openalex.org/W2589870647","https://openalex.org/W2606318125","https://openalex.org/W2895613192","https://openalex.org/W2905070718","https://openalex.org/W2913606428","https://openalex.org/W2939682567","https://openalex.org/W2943906752","https://openalex.org/W2971364617","https://openalex.org/W3019659126","https://openalex.org/W4238879677","https://openalex.org/W4280542027","https://openalex.org/W4292716446","https://openalex.org/W4300654267","https://openalex.org/W4391697246","https://openalex.org/W4391846007","https://openalex.org/W4393001522","https://openalex.org/W4407856090","https://openalex.org/W4412357234","https://openalex.org/W4416432199","https://openalex.org/W6944370152"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3019659126","https://openalex.org/W4308969304","https://openalex.org/W4410913236","https://openalex.org/W4410539591","https://openalex.org/W4402047929","https://openalex.org/W2957437726","https://openalex.org/W2176691958","https://openalex.org/W4393949202","https://openalex.org/W7029460089","https://openalex.org/W2015387016"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Despite":[0],"the":[1,32,69,76,84,92,111,131,136,157,161,169,183],"prevalence":[2],"of":[3,9,44,59,62,113,150,160,171,192],"multi-codal":[4,49,65],"narratives-such":[5],"as":[6,198],"comics":[7],"consisting":[8,57],"pictures":[10,60],"and":[11,64,87,107],"text-in":[12],"everyday":[13],"life,":[14],"little":[15],"is":[16,154,188],"understood":[17],"about":[18],"how":[19],"individuals":[20],"integrate":[21],"information":[22,47,72,149,187],"across":[23],"different":[24,152],"codalities":[25],"to":[26,90],"form":[27],"cohesive":[28],"mental":[29,158],"representations.":[30],"In":[31],"present":[33],"study,":[34],"we":[35],"explored":[36],"when":[37],"processing":[38],"costs":[39,94],"emerged":[40],"during":[41,146],"cross-codal":[42],"integration":[43],"bridging":[45,70,85,132],"event":[46,71,86,133,193],"in":[48,67,75,185,201],"narratives.":[50],"Participants":[51],"were":[52],"presented":[53,74],"with":[54,96],"uni-codal":[55],"(i.e.,":[56],"only":[58],"or":[61],"text)":[63],"stories":[66],"which":[68,186],"was":[73,125],"other":[77],"codality.":[78],"We":[79],"measured":[80],"viewing":[81,118],"times":[82,119],"for":[83,120,130],"end-state":[88,137],"panels":[89],"reflect":[91],"cognitive":[93],"associated":[95],"integration.":[97],"The":[98],"results":[99,167],"showed":[100],"a":[101,114,126,142,151,199],"significant":[102],"interaction":[103],"between":[104],"codality":[105,115,153,172,197],"switch":[106,116],"panel":[108,122,134],"position.":[109],"While":[110],"presence":[112],"increased":[117],"both":[121],"positions,":[123],"there":[124],"much":[127],"larger":[128],"increase":[129],"than":[135],"panel.":[138],"This":[139],"result":[140],"supports":[141],"hypothesis":[143],"suggesting":[144],"that":[145,177],"narrative":[147,162,174,202],"understanding,":[148],"integrated":[155],"into":[156],"representation":[159],"upon":[163],"encountering":[164],"it.":[165],"Our":[166],"underscore":[168],"influence":[170],"on":[173],"integration,":[175],"indicating":[176],"understanding":[178],"may":[179],"be":[180],"affected":[181],"by":[182],"format":[184],"presented.":[189],"Future":[190],"models":[191],"cognition":[194],"should":[195],"incorporate":[196],"factor":[200],"comprehension.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-05T12:25:35.769452","created_date":"2026-10-31T00:00:00"}
