{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7224895532","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.39899","title":"ExploreRepair: Evidence-Specialized Agents for Vulnerability Repair under Information Constraints","display_name":"ExploreRepair: Evidence-Specialized Agents for Vulnerability Repair under Information Constraints","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7224895532","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.39899"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2610.39899","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.39899","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.39899","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.39899","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100580666","display_name":"\u0110\u1ee9c M\u1ea1nh Tr\u1ea7n","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5151-8635","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5151-8635"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"The University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tran, Duc Manh","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Sydney , Australia,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Sydney , Australia,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009224648","display_name":"Ratnadira Widyasari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8190-5458","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8190-5458"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I212119943","display_name":"University of Victoria","ror":"https://ror.org/04s5mat29","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I212119943"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Widyasari, Ratnadira","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Victoria , Canada,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Victoria , Canada,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I212119943"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059690191","display_name":"Ivana Clairine Irsan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6350-2700","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6350-2700"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79891267","display_name":"Singapore Management University","ror":"https://ror.org/050qmg959","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Irsan, Ivana Clairine","raw_affiliation_strings":["Singapore Management University , Singapore ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Singapore Management University , Singapore ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160185221","display_name":"Huihui Huang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79891267","display_name":"Singapore Management University","ror":"https://ror.org/050qmg959","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huang, Huihui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Singapore Management University , Singapore ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Singapore Management University , Singapore ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160186828","display_name":"Ting Zhang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56590836","display_name":"Monash University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bfwt286","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhang, Ting","raw_affiliation_strings":["Monash University , Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Monash University , Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5146577623","display_name":"David Lo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4367-7201","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4367-7201"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79891267","display_name":"Singapore Management University","ror":"https://ror.org/050qmg959","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lo, David","raw_affiliation_strings":["Singapore Management University , Singapore ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Singapore Management University , Singapore ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050311714","display_name":"Rahul Gopinath","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9953-0930","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9953-0930"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"The University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gopinath, Rahul","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Sydney , Australia,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Sydney , Australia,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027335548","display_name":"Hong Jin Kang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7335-7295","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7335-7295"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"The University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kang, Hong Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Sydney , Australia,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Sydney , Australia,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9380000233650208,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9380000233650208,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.04050000011920929,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12479","display_name":"Web Application Security Vulnerabilities","score":0.008799999952316284,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automated-vulnerability-repair","display_name":"automated vulnerability repair","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-agent-exploration","display_name":"multi-agent exploration","score":0.6909999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vulnerability-classification","display_name":"vulnerability classification","score":0.49399998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patch-synthesis","display_name":"patch synthesis","score":0.6539999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patch-aggregation","display_name":"patch aggregation","score":0.8579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-constraints","display_name":"information constraints","score":0.3050000071525574}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180505990","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q498267","display_name":"News aggregator","level":2,"score":0.8772000074386597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95713431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631425","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","level":2,"score":0.8481000065803528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26713055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245962","display_name":"Implementation","level":2,"score":0.7402999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6565999984741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5861999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.5698000192642212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167063184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1400839","display_name":"Vulnerability assessment","level":3,"score":0.492900013923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.39239999651908875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33676613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13415176","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.37790000438690186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.3328999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779662365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5416694","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","level":2,"score":0.3174999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172776598","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7943570","display_name":"Vulnerability management","level":4,"score":0.28119999170303345}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2610.39899","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.39899","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.39899","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2610.39899","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.39899","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.39899","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2610.39899","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.39899","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.39899","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7224895532.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7224895532.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7221513259","https://openalex.org/W6966721608","https://openalex.org/W7165639806","https://openalex.org/W7167090327","https://openalex.org/W7131274198","https://openalex.org/W7222293283","https://openalex.org/W7162781697","https://openalex.org/W7172380223","https://openalex.org/W7161682217","https://openalex.org/W7172253405"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Automated":[0],"vulnerability":[1,8,15,44,58,64,143],"repair":[2,59,67,81,127,144],"must":[3],"often":[4],"operate":[5],"with":[6,88,134],"incomplete":[7],"information:":[9],"developers":[10],"may":[11],"lack":[12],"an":[13],"accurate":[14],"classification":[16],"or":[17],"a":[18,28,33,48,57,70,90,97,101,114,141],"provided":[19],"proof-of-vulnerability":[20],"(PoV)":[21],"test,":[22],"yet":[23],"still":[24],"need":[25],"to":[26,37,47],"produce":[27],"repair.":[29,49],"Without":[30],"detailed":[31],"information,":[32],"key":[34],"challenge":[35],"is":[36],"explore":[38],"multiple":[39],"plausible":[40],"interpretations":[41],"of":[42,72,93,130,158],"the":[43,63,94],"before":[45,113],"committing":[46],"To":[50],"address":[51],"this":[52],"challenge,":[53],"we":[54],"propose":[55],"ExploreRepair,":[56],"framework":[60],"that":[61],"reconciles":[62,117],"observations":[65,79,109],"and":[66,80,100,110,132,136,148,160,171],"implementations":[68,82,112],"from":[69,83,107],"team":[71],"exploration":[73],"agents.":[74],"We":[75],"first":[76],"collect":[77],"these":[78,108],"three":[84],"agents,":[85],"each":[86],"tasked":[87],"exploring":[89],"specific":[91],"dimension":[92],"vulnerability.":[95],"Then,":[96],"Lesson":[98],"Aggregator":[99,103,116],"Patch":[102],"independently":[104],"synthesize":[105],"repairs":[106],"concrete":[111],"final":[115],"their":[118],"proposals":[119],"without":[120,166],"benchmark":[121],"feedback.":[122],"On":[123,152],"PatchEval,":[124],"ExploreRepair":[125],"achieves":[126,155],"success":[128,156],"rates":[129,157],"39.6%":[131],"71.6%":[133],"GPT-5.6-Luna":[135],"DeepSeek-V4.1-Flash,":[137],"respectively,":[138,162],"exceeding":[139,163],"EvoRepair,":[140],"state-of-the-art":[142],"approach,":[145],"by":[146,169],"16.0":[147],"25.4":[149],"percentage":[150,173],"points.":[151,174],"VulnLoc+,":[153],"it":[154],"51.4%":[159],"62.9%,":[161],"LoopRepair's":[164],"variant":[165],"PoV":[167],"tests":[168],"20.0":[170],"17.1":[172]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-02T09:45:03.842371","created_date":"2026-10-31T00:00:00"}