{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7224895266","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10868933/v1","title":"Impulsivity, Conformity Based Overtime Pressure, and Driving Distraction among Employee Car Commuters in Shandong, China: Implications for Road Safety Education","display_name":"Impulsivity, Conformity Based Overtime Pressure, and Driving Distraction among Employee Car Commuters in Shandong, China: Implications for Road Safety Education","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7224895266","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10868933/v1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-10868933/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10868933/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10868933/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-10868933/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-10868933/latest.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111046264","display_name":"Shengxiang Sun","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139322472","display_name":"Universiti Sains Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/02rgb2k63","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shengxiang Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universiti Sains Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universiti Sains Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5143439874","display_name":"Jiao Wu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139322472","display_name":"Universiti Sains Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/02rgb2k63","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiao Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universiti Sains Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universiti Sains Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10370","display_name":"Traffic and Road Safety","score":0.9897000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10370","display_name":"Traffic and Road Safety","score":0.9897000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11373","display_name":"Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue","score":0.004900000058114529,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.0017000000225380063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3307","display_name":"Human Factors and Ergonomics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/impulsivity","display_name":"impulsivity","score":0.7329999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/driver-distraction","display_name":"driver distraction","score":0.9629999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/road-safety-education","display_name":"road safety education","score":0.7360000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/occupational-stress","display_name":"occupational stress","score":0.4350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-regulation","display_name":"self-regulation","score":0.8119999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-assessment","display_name":"social evaluation","score":0.6380000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shandong","display_name":"Shandong Province","score":0.6600000262260437}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776378700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3030775","display_name":"Distraction","level":2,"score":0.8844000101089478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780407378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q667022","display_name":"Overtime","level":2,"score":0.7968000173568726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142172996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221284","display_name":"Conformity","level":2,"score":0.6700999736785889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.564300000667572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166735990","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1750812","display_name":"Human factors and ergonomics","level":3,"score":0.4413999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.42089998722076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017944768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1450463","display_name":"Poison control","level":2,"score":0.4189000129699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187155963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629029","display_name":"Occupational safety and health","level":2,"score":0.41290000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.40119999647140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780319597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1549918","display_name":"Impulsivity","level":2,"score":0.3968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190385971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373494","display_name":"Injury prevention","level":3,"score":0.37439998984336853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3675000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.36570000648498535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526869908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3298118","display_name":"Suicide prevention","level":3,"score":0.32919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777983101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24172934","display_name":"Job control","level":3,"score":0.2759000062942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2700999975204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776502983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690182","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","level":2,"score":0.2667999863624573}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-10868933/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10868933/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10868933/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-10868933/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-10868933/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10868933/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10868933/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-10868933/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.7257999777793884},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.5683000087738037}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7224895266.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7224895266.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1967679139","https://openalex.org/W1973553364","https://openalex.org/W1990367136","https://openalex.org/W2009193978","https://openalex.org/W2023092404","https://openalex.org/W2023479110","https://openalex.org/W2025860484","https://openalex.org/W2047142410","https://openalex.org/W2052392041","https://openalex.org/W2056980486","https://openalex.org/W2058840114","https://openalex.org/W2338829358","https://openalex.org/W2561848384","https://openalex.org/W2599076725","https://openalex.org/W2904104760","https://openalex.org/W2990215600","https://openalex.org/W2994829162","https://openalex.org/W2995639955","https://openalex.org/W3204950782","https://openalex.org/W4220919395","https://openalex.org/W4307684502","https://openalex.org/W4311365209","https://openalex.org/W4313389545","https://openalex.org/W4316662883","https://openalex.org/W4362723420","https://openalex.org/W4366084661","https://openalex.org/W4385450665","https://openalex.org/W4389121120","https://openalex.org/W4396602064","https://openalex.org/W4401870909","https://openalex.org/W4413933267","https://openalex.org/W7168267424"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7224890020","https://openalex.org/W2801835306","https://openalex.org/W3119895402","https://openalex.org/W3082832231","https://openalex.org/W4385454571","https://openalex.org/W7105691687","https://openalex.org/W7223394515","https://openalex.org/W2022105061","https://openalex.org/W1483221855","https://openalex.org/W3112807284"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Employee":[1],"commuting":[2],"links":[3],"workplace":[4,15,183,209],"conditions":[5],"to":[6,217],"a":[7,174,180,200],"safety":[8,206],"critical":[9],"transport":[10],"task,":[11],"but":[12,98],"personal":[13,175],"and":[14,23,56,62,75,89,92,128,130,134,179],"correlates":[16],"may":[17],"show":[18],"different":[19,167],"associations":[20,136],"with":[21,40,87,101,118,137],"distraction":[22,146],"road":[24,205],"behaviour.":[25],"This":[26],"post":[27],"hoc":[28],"secondary":[29],"analysis":[30],"used":[31],"an":[32],"archive":[33],"of":[34,170],"492":[35],"employee":[36],"car":[37],"commuters":[38],"recruited":[39],"organisational":[41],"assistance":[42],"across":[43,153],"16":[44],"cities":[45],"in":[46],"Shandong,":[47],"China.":[48],"Primary":[49],"gender":[50],"adjusted":[51],"models":[52],"included":[53,162],"490":[54],"respondents":[55],"controlled":[57],"for":[58,150,173,202],"age,":[59],"recorded":[60],"gender,":[61],"driving":[63,228],"experience.":[64],"Scores":[65],"were":[66,81,140,147],"rebuilt":[67],"from":[68,215],"raw":[69],"items.":[70],"HC3":[71],"inference,":[72],"Holm":[73,96,196],"adjustment,":[74,97],"10,000":[76],"case":[77],"resampled":[78],"coefficient":[79,187],"products":[80],"used.":[82],"Impulsivity":[83],"was":[84,104,116],"positively":[85],"associated":[86,117],"Errors":[88,127],"Violations,":[90,129],"Lapses,":[91],"Aggressive":[93,138],"Violations":[94,139],"after":[95,195],"its":[99,132],"association":[100],"Driving":[102,119],"Distraction":[103,120],"unclear":[105],"(B":[106,121],"=":[107,110,122],".092,":[108],"p":[109,124],".129).":[111],"Conformity":[112],"Based":[113],"Overtime":[114],"Pressure":[115],".183,":[123],"<":[125],".001),":[126],"Lapses;":[131],"total":[133],"conditional":[135],"uncertain.":[141],"Coefficient":[142],"product":[143],"intervals":[144,161],"through":[145],"above":[148],"zero":[149],"overtime":[151],"pressure":[152],"the":[154,213],"three":[155],"outcomes,":[156],"whereas":[157],"all":[158],"corresponding":[159],"impulsivity":[160],"zero.":[163],"The":[164],"findings":[165],"showed":[166],"observed":[168],"patterns":[169],"statistical":[171],"support":[172],"self":[176,221],"regulation":[177],"correlate":[178],"social":[181],"evaluative":[182],"correlate,":[184],"although":[185],"formal":[186],"contrasts":[188],"did":[189],"not":[190],"establish":[191,224],"systematic":[192],"magnitude":[193],"differences":[194],"adjustment.":[197],"They":[198],"provide":[199],"rationale":[201],"prospectively":[203],"evaluating":[204],"education":[207],"alongside":[208],"practices":[210],"that":[211],"protect":[212],"transition":[214],"work":[216],"driving.":[218],"Cross":[219],"sectional":[220],"reports":[222],"cannot":[223],"causal":[225],"pathways,":[226],"objective":[227],"risk,":[229],"or":[230],"educational":[231],"effectiveness.":[232]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-01T11:40:01.658920","created_date":"2026-10-31T00:00:00"}
