{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7224869904","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ca.70249","title":"Is Large Language Model a New Hope for the Global South? A Rapid Bibliometric Synthesis of Artificial Intelligence in Anatomy Education","display_name":"Is Large Language Model a New Hope for the Global South? A Rapid Bibliometric Synthesis of Artificial Intelligence in Anatomy Education","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7224869904","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ca.70249","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42963137"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/ca.70249","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ca.70249","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ca.70249","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/ca.70249","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S192539729","display_name":"Clinical Anatomy","issn_l":"0897-3806","issn":["0897-3806","1098-2353"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical Anatomy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/ca.70249","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121594741","display_name":"Yue Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7101-5079","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7101-5079"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4400600942","display_name":"Yonsei University College of Dentistry","ror":"https://ror.org/00tfaab58","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966","https://openalex.org/I4400600942"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yue Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Advanced General Dentistry Yonsei University College of Dentistry  Seoul Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7101-5079","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Advanced General Dentistry Yonsei University College of Dentistry  Seoul Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966","https://openalex.org/I4400600942"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101068070","display_name":"Yusi Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9332-354X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9332-354X","https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9297-1387","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8598-6598"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121200","display_name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/035rs9v13","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210121200"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yusi Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Plastic and Burns Surgery The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College  Shantou Guangdong China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9332-354X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Plastic and Burns Surgery The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College  Shantou Guangdong China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121200"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160210474","display_name":"Junming Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8408-3538","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8408-3538"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4400600942","display_name":"Yonsei University College of Dentistry","ror":"https://ror.org/00tfaab58","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966","https://openalex.org/I4400600942"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junming Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Yonsei University College of Dentistry  Seoul Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8408-3538","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Yonsei University College of Dentistry  Seoul Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966","https://openalex.org/I4400600942"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135842613","display_name":"Xiaoqing Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6642-7694","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6642-7694"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091098","display_name":"Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/00a53nq42","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210091098"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoqing Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiation Oncology Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College  Shantou China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6642-7694","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiation Oncology Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College  Shantou China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091098"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5135842613"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091098"],"apc_list":{"value":4550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4550},"apc_paid":{"value":4550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4550},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75571632,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.5425000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.5425000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11984","display_name":"Anatomy and Medical Technology","score":0.4074999988079071,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14414","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Education","score":0.025200000032782555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/large-language-models","display_name":"large language models","score":0.9240000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence-in-education","display_name":"artificial intelligence in education","score":0.7099999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anatomy-education","display_name":"anatomy education","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-south","display_name":"Global South","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chatgpt","display_name":"ChatGPT","score":0.8429999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-ai","display_name":"generative AI","score":0.5910000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/research-output-disparities","display_name":"research output disparities","score":0.4429999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ai-pedagogy","display_name":"AI pedagogy","score":0.5370000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-source-ai-models","display_name":"open-source AI models","score":0.6679999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cross-border-cooperation","display_name":"cross-border cooperation","score":0.7260000109672546}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.558899998664856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22467394","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q849359","display_name":"Multidisciplinary approach","level":2,"score":0.5005999803543091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.45890000462532043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.4392000138759613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143095724","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q515895","display_name":"Odds","level":3,"score":0.40369999408721924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780580889","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41363","display_name":"Panorama","level":2,"score":0.3790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207267971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120208","display_name":"Emerging technologies","level":2,"score":0.3472000062465668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109364679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918779","display_name":"Geoinformatics","level":2,"score":0.34549999237060547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.3190999925136566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178315738","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q603441","display_name":"Bibliometrics","level":2,"score":0.3183000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3077999949455261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93692415","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1502030","display_name":"Thematic map","level":2,"score":0.3018999993801117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.3012999892234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.2818000018596649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199728807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2578557","display_name":"Equity (law)","level":2,"score":0.2786000072956085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781316041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230584","display_name":"Diversity (politics)","level":2,"score":0.27410000562667847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75684735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858810","display_name":"Big data","level":2,"score":0.27320000529289246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205711294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176953","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","level":2,"score":0.26510000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777382242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6017816","display_name":"Index (typography)","level":2,"score":0.2554999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201960208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159385","display_name":"Geopolitics","level":3,"score":0.2531000077724457}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/ca.70249","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ca.70249","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ca.70249","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/ca.70249","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S192539729","display_name":"Clinical Anatomy","issn_l":"0897-3806","issn":["0897-3806","1098-2353"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical Anatomy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42963137","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42963137","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical anatomy (New York, N.Y.)","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/ca.70249","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ca.70249","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ca.70249","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/ca.70249","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S192539729","display_name":"Clinical Anatomy","issn_l":"0897-3806","issn":["0897-3806","1098-2353"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical Anatomy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8974000215530396,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"},{"score":0.8278999924659729,"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7224869904.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7224869904.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2088171059","https://openalex.org/W2707936849","https://openalex.org/W2752443224","https://openalex.org/W2755950973","https://openalex.org/W2794997799","https://openalex.org/W2950018479","https://openalex.org/W3081584306","https://openalex.org/W3097300816","https://openalex.org/W3116634773","https://openalex.org/W4238591974","https://openalex.org/W4293388027","https://openalex.org/W4296838616","https://openalex.org/W4306367214","https://openalex.org/W4309486881","https://openalex.org/W4319332969","https://openalex.org/W4375852308","https://openalex.org/W4384461076","https://openalex.org/W4384819645","https://openalex.org/W4386592608","https://openalex.org/W4387033057","https://openalex.org/W4388699524","https://openalex.org/W4390837766","https://openalex.org/W4396772600","https://openalex.org/W4400691220","https://openalex.org/W4403102026","https://openalex.org/W4403647346","https://openalex.org/W4408057784","https://openalex.org/W4410999015","https://openalex.org/W4411216539","https://openalex.org/W4412832227","https://openalex.org/W4413256770","https://openalex.org/W4413313158","https://openalex.org/W4414192430","https://openalex.org/W4414469191","https://openalex.org/W4415419926","https://openalex.org/W4416683050","https://openalex.org/W7114771950"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7114990570","https://openalex.org/W7162683993","https://openalex.org/W7219342358","https://openalex.org/W7160598731","https://openalex.org/W7204265425","https://openalex.org/W4417187748","https://openalex.org/W7154971901","https://openalex.org/W7160244181","https://openalex.org/W7159869469","https://openalex.org/W7125814068"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Artificial":[0,66],"intelligence":[1],"(AI),":[2],"especially":[3],"the":[4,24,63,76,85,109,129,136,154,198],"recent":[5],"proliferation":[6],"of":[7,26,62,65,94,102,112,156,176,215],"generative":[8],"Large":[9],"Language":[10],"Models":[11],"(LLMs),":[12],"is":[13],"transforming":[14],"traditional":[15,180],"anatomy":[16],"education":[17],"by":[18],"introducing":[19],"new":[20],"teaching":[21],"tools.":[22],"However,":[23],"adoption":[25],"these":[27],"cutting-edge":[28],"technologies":[29,217],"raises":[30],"questions":[31],"about":[32],"global":[33,199],"educational":[34],"equity.":[35],"It":[36],"remains":[37],"unclear":[38],"whether":[39],"AI":[40,164,216],"will":[41],"serve":[42],"as":[43],"a":[44,58,147,167,210],"digital":[45],"equalizer":[46],"or":[47],"further":[48],"exacerbate":[49],"marginalization.":[50],"This":[51],"rapid":[52],"bibliometric":[53],"synthesis":[54],"aims":[55],"to":[56,74,153,179,223],"provide":[57,89],"comprehensive,":[59],"data-driven":[60],"overview":[61],"\"Application":[64],"Intelligence":[67],"in":[68,197],"Anatomy":[69],"Education\"":[70],"(AAAE).":[71],"We":[72],"seek":[73],"map":[75],"intellectual":[77],"landscape,":[78],"detect":[79],"structural":[80],"and":[81,88,104,115,121,135,185,191,201,227,237],"technological":[82],"shifts,":[83],"evaluate":[84],"geopolitical":[86],"disparities,":[87],"corresponding":[90,192],"references.":[91],"A":[92,124],"total":[93],"85":[95],"consolidated":[96],"records":[97],"were":[98,117,189,203],"retrieved":[99],"from":[100,149],"Web":[101],"Science":[103],"Scopus.":[105],"These":[106],"data":[107],"constituted":[108],"whole":[110],"panorama":[111],"AAAE.":[113],"Bibliometrix":[114],"CiteSpace":[116],"utilized":[118],"for":[119,194,218],"static":[120],"dynamic":[122],"mapping.":[123],"multidisciplinary":[125],"expert":[126],"panel":[127],"validated":[128],"thematic":[130],"clusters":[131],"using":[132,209],"Gwet's":[133],"AC1":[134],"Normalized":[137],"Herfindahl-Hirschman":[138],"Index":[139],"(HHI).":[140],"Publications":[141],"surged":[142],"following":[143],"ChatGPT's":[144],"release,":[145],"indicating":[146],"shift":[148],"specialized":[150],"computer":[151],"vision":[152],"application":[155],"general-purpose":[157],"LLMs.":[158],"While":[159],"high-income":[160],"countries":[161],"maintain":[162],"leadership,":[163],"could":[165,206],"exert":[166],"\"democratizing":[168],"effect\"":[169],"on":[170],"upper-middle-income":[171],"countries,":[172],"doubling":[173],"their":[174],"odds":[175],"publication":[177],"compared":[178],"anatomy.":[181],"Six":[182],"research":[183,187],"frontiers":[184],"three":[186],"trajectories":[188],"captured,":[190],"implications":[193],"future":[195],"researchers":[196],"south":[200],"north":[202],"presented.":[204],"AAAE":[205],"be":[207],"conducted":[208],"stratified":[211],"strategy:":[212],"different":[213],"expansions":[214],"pedagogy;":[219],"leveraging":[220],"commercial":[221],"APIs":[222],"bypass":[224],"infrastructure":[225],"bottlenecks;":[226],"validating":[228],"open-source":[229],"models.":[230],"Global":[231],"equity":[232],"critically":[233],"demands":[234],"cross-border":[235],"collaboration":[236],"inclusive":[238],"datasets.":[239]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-02T09:45:03.842371","created_date":"2026-10-31T00:00:00"}
