{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7224864472","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jehp.jehp_1074_25","title":"Assessment of readiness characteristics for clinical practice among nursing students based on the ADKAR model: A meta-synthesis of qualitative studies","display_name":"Assessment of readiness characteristics for clinical practice among nursing students based on the ADKAR model: A meta-synthesis of qualitative studies","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7224864472","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jehp.jehp_1074_25"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4103/jehp.jehp_1074_25","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jehp.jehp_1074_25","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jehp.jehp_1074_25","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764854573","display_name":"Journal of Education and Health Promotion","issn_l":"2277-9531","issn":["2277-9531","2319-6440"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320448","host_organization_name":"Medknow","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320448","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Medknow","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Education and Health Promotion","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jehp.jehp_1074_25","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033426450","display_name":"Alice Khachian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7875-4166","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7875-4166","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9131-0511"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161106909","display_name":"Iran University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/03w04rv71","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161106909"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alice Khachian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161106909"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076289409","display_name":"Mansoureh Ashghali Farahani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9361-9707","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9361-9707","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4573-3254"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161106909","display_name":"Iran University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/03w04rv71","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161106909"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mansoureh Ashghali Farahani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Nursing Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Nursing Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161106909"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086171868","display_name":"Masoud Rezaei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0570-8206","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0570-8206"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133903919","display_name":"Arak University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/056mgfb42","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133903919"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Masoud Rezaei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133903919"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110735069","display_name":"Hamid Sharif-Nia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1953-5841","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1953-5841"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I88085062","display_name":"Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/02wkcrp04","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I88085062"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hamid Sharif-Nia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nursing, Amol Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran","Psychosomatic Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nursing, Amol Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88085062"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Psychosomatic Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88085062"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5117524871","display_name":"Elham Anisi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161106909","display_name":"Iran University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/03w04rv71","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161106909"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elham Anisi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161106909"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":150,"currency":"USD","value_usd":150},"apc_paid":{"value":150,"currency":"USD","value_usd":150},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10186","display_name":"Nursing education and management","score":0.6304000020027161,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2922","display_name":"Research and Theory"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10186","display_name":"Nursing education and management","score":0.6304000020027161,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2922","display_name":"Research and Theory"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12244","display_name":"Healthcare Education and Workforce Issues","score":0.33079999685287476,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2911","display_name":"Leadership and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10254","display_name":"Innovations in Medical Education","score":0.01590000092983246,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nursing-students","display_name":"nursing students","score":0.7580000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adkar-model","display_name":"ADKAR model","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-transition","display_name":"clinical transition","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/first-year-nursing-students","display_name":"first-year nursing students","score":0.8240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intrinsic-motivation","display_name":"intrinsic motivation","score":0.7960000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-knowledge","display_name":"clinical knowledge","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-skills","display_name":"clinical skills","score":0.9240000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supportive-learning-environment","display_name":"supportive learning environment","score":0.7839999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nursing-education","display_name":"nursing education","score":0.5049999952316284}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190248442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839486","display_name":"Qualitative research","level":2,"score":0.6801999807357788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.5812000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5042999982833862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779974597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28448986","display_name":"Clinical Practice","level":2,"score":0.47859999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.41819998621940613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.41350001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56995899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1126687","display_name":"Focus group","level":2,"score":0.3921999931335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.37299999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.37290000915527344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113616995","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13378080","display_name":"Nurse education","level":2,"score":0.35440000891685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780279448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2559380","display_name":"Altruism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.3483000099658966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993797112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing practice","level":2,"score":0.33160001039505005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132758656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5307365","display_name":"Dreyfus model of skill acquisition","level":2,"score":0.32109999656677246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87156501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268708","display_name":"Qualitative property","level":2,"score":0.311599999666214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.3082999885082245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156325361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1152864","display_name":"Grounded theory","level":3,"score":0.3034000098705292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.29829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989236134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Patient care","level":2,"score":0.2858000099658966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984889486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing care","level":2,"score":0.26669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018587665","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268696","display_name":"Qualitative analysis","level":3,"score":0.26589998602867126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194943564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1129049","display_name":"Participant observation","level":2,"score":0.26269999146461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4554734","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q593744","display_name":"Knowledge base","level":2,"score":0.25929999351501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777097888","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q374082","display_name":"Nursing process","level":2,"score":0.2556999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139807058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352374","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","level":2,"score":0.2542000114917755}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4103/jehp.jehp_1074_25","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jehp.jehp_1074_25","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jehp.jehp_1074_25","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764854573","display_name":"Journal of Education and Health Promotion","issn_l":"2277-9531","issn":["2277-9531","2319-6440"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320448","host_organization_name":"Medknow","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320448","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Medknow","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Education and Health Promotion","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.4103/jehp.jehp_1074_25","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jehp.jehp_1074_25","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jehp.jehp_1074_25","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764854573","display_name":"Journal of Education and Health Promotion","issn_l":"2277-9531","issn":["2277-9531","2319-6440"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320448","host_organization_name":"Medknow","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320448","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Medknow","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Education and Health Promotion","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9391000270843506},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education","score":0.9235000014305115}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review","display_name":"Systematic Review"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1542255129","https://openalex.org/W1546473782","https://openalex.org/W1801364284","https://openalex.org/W1858761859","https://openalex.org/W1969595833","https://openalex.org/W1996333313","https://openalex.org/W2012570876","https://openalex.org/W2021807151","https://openalex.org/W2033268780","https://openalex.org/W2090349766","https://openalex.org/W2164015531","https://openalex.org/W2483408715","https://openalex.org/W2591688487","https://openalex.org/W2730933453","https://openalex.org/W2749660942","https://openalex.org/W2762968172","https://openalex.org/W2782877263","https://openalex.org/W2784263728","https://openalex.org/W2788802513","https://openalex.org/W2790001665","https://openalex.org/W2804802681","https://openalex.org/W2906285515","https://openalex.org/W2940432274","https://openalex.org/W2965597535","https://openalex.org/W2998186044","https://openalex.org/W3009706087","https://openalex.org/W3021176057","https://openalex.org/W3081624456","https://openalex.org/W3118041824","https://openalex.org/W3127195415","https://openalex.org/W3198604221","https://openalex.org/W3201035743","https://openalex.org/W4289943704","https://openalex.org/W4353046741","https://openalex.org/W4372335192","https://openalex.org/W4389166644","https://openalex.org/W4392377606","https://openalex.org/W4396826995","https://openalex.org/W4411002437"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4403410851","https://openalex.org/W4404926323","https://openalex.org/W7171954141","https://openalex.org/W4413024958","https://openalex.org/W7164010227","https://openalex.org/W4402220803","https://openalex.org/W7216455579","https://openalex.org/W7155211528","https://openalex.org/W7223459715","https://openalex.org/W4353046741"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"healthcare":[1],"systems":[2],"become":[3],"increasingly":[4],"complex,":[5],"it":[6],"is":[7,166],"essential":[8],"to":[9,18,28,69,128,153,170],"equip":[10],"nurses":[11],"with":[12,251],"the":[13,30,48,51,61,78,119,191,238],"knowledge":[14,165,171,177],"and":[15,21,42,66,72,95,136,143,150,155,173,187,196,204,237,262],"competencies":[16,268],"needed":[17],"provide":[19],"safe":[20],"high-quality":[22],"patient":[23],"care.":[24,146],"This":[25,213],"study":[26,214],"aims":[27],"understand":[29],"characteristics":[31],"of":[32,50,80,121,145,241,266],"nursing":[33,82,107,176,218],"students\u2019":[34],"readiness":[35,79,223],"for":[36,84,183,224,259],"entering":[37,113],"clinical":[38,85,114,130,132,192,225,235,242,260],"practice":[39],"by":[40,64],"synthesizing":[41],"integrating":[43],"qualitative":[44,75,91,99],"research":[45],"findings,":[46],"using":[47,97],"dimensions":[49],"Awareness,":[52],"Desire,":[53],"Knowledge,":[54],"Ability,":[55],"Reinforcement":[56],"(ADKAR)":[57],"model.":[58],"We":[59],"applied":[60],"meta-ethnographic":[62],"process":[63],"Noblit":[65],"Hare":[67],"(1988)":[68],"identify,":[70],"interpret,":[71],"integrate":[73],"existing":[74],"evidence":[76],"on":[77,190,247],"first-year":[81,106,217],"students":[83,108,219,258],"entry.":[86],"To":[87],"this":[88],"end,":[89],"22":[90],"studies":[92],"were":[93],"included":[94],"synthesized":[96],"directed":[98],"content":[100],"analysis.":[101],"The":[102],"findings":[103],"indicate":[104],"that":[105,216],"need":[109],"adequate":[110],"preparation":[111],"before":[112],"settings.":[115],"Key":[116],"components,":[117],"in":[118,229,269],"order":[120],"their":[122,267],"appearance,":[123],"include":[124],"preliminary":[125,230],"awareness,":[126,231],"desire":[127,151],"enter":[129],"practice,":[131,226],"knowledge,":[133,236],"functional":[134],"ability,":[135],"reinforcement.":[137],"Preliminary":[138],"awareness":[139],"involves":[140],"educational":[141],"requirements":[142],"understanding":[144],"Next,":[147],"intrinsic":[148,232],"motivation":[149],"(linked":[152],"altruism":[154],"professional":[156],"development)":[157],"play":[158],"a":[159,205,252],"crucial":[160],"role.":[161],"While":[162],"acquiring":[163],"sufficient":[164,222],"essential,":[167],"challenges":[168,228],"related":[169],"deficits":[172],"learning":[174,202],"basic":[175,234],"are":[178],"also":[179],"significant.":[180],"Functional":[181],"ability":[182],"implementing":[184],"new":[185],"skills":[186,193],"behaviors":[188],"depends":[189],"center":[194],"facilities":[195],"skill":[197],"enhancement.":[198],"Finally,":[199],"reinforcement":[200],"through":[201],"stimulation":[203],"supportive":[206,253],"interactive":[207],"environment":[208],"helps":[209],"sustain":[210],"favorable":[211],"changes.":[212],"demonstrates":[215],"often":[220],"lack":[221],"facing":[227],"motivation,":[233],"practical":[239],"application":[240],"skills.":[243],"A":[244],"structured":[245],"focus":[246],"these":[248],"dimensions,":[249],"along":[250],"environment,":[254],"can":[255],"better":[256],"prepare":[257],"transition":[261],"promote":[263],"effective":[264],"use":[265],"practice.":[270]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-13T13:42:25.865203","created_date":"2026-10-31T00:00:00"}