{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7224864296","doi":"https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.25.10.22","title":"Effectiveness of Digital Game-Based Interventions for the Development of Executive Functions in Primary Education: A Systematic Review","display_name":"Effectiveness of Digital Game-Based Interventions for the Development of Executive Functions in Primary Education: A Systematic Review","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7224864296","doi":"https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.25.10.22"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.26803/ijlter.25.10.22","doi":"https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.25.10.22","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.25.10.22","pdf_url":"https://www.ijlter.org/index.php/ijlter/article/download/18593/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764443953","display_name":"International Journal of Learning Teaching and Educational Research","issn_l":"1694-2116","issn":["1694-2116","1694-2493"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322553","host_organization_name":"Tresorix Ltd","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Tresorix Ltd"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Learning Teaching and Educational Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.ijlter.org/index.php/ijlter/article/download/18593/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160176413","display_name":"Grace Rebeca Yucra Barrantes","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3130590570","display_name":"Universidad Nacional de San Agustin de Arequipa","ror":"https://ror.org/01e9gfg41","country_code":"PE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3130590570"]}],"countries":["PE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Grace Rebeca Yucra Barrantes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidad Nacional de San Agust\u00edn de Arequipa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad Nacional de San Agust\u00edn de Arequipa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3130590570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066965875","display_name":"Fabi\u00e1n Hugo Rucano Paucar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9927-0988","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9927-0988"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3130590570","display_name":"Universidad Nacional de San Agustin de Arequipa","ror":"https://ror.org/01e9gfg41","country_code":"PE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3130590570"]}],"countries":["PE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fabian Hugo Rucano Paucar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidad Nacional de San Agust\u00edn de Arequipa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad Nacional de San Agust\u00edn de Arequipa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3130590570"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047464565","display_name":"Fabiola Mary Talavera Mendoza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0008-5206","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0008-5206"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3130590570","display_name":"Universidad Nacional de San Agustin de Arequipa","ror":"https://ror.org/01e9gfg41","country_code":"PE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3130590570"]}],"countries":["PE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fabiola Talavera - Mendoza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidad Nacional de San Agust\u00edn de Arequipa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad Nacional de San Agust\u00edn de Arequipa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3130590570"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3130590570"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.796337,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"524","last_page":"524"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10731","display_name":"Educational Games and Gamification","score":0.9868000149726868,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10731","display_name":"Educational Games and Gamification","score":0.9868000149726868,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14104","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology","score":0.007199999876320362,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3206","display_name":"Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11577","display_name":"Cognitive Abilities and Testing","score":0.003100000089034438,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/executive-function","display_name":"executive function","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/primary-education","display_name":"primary education","score":0.7979999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/working-memory","display_name":"working memory","score":0.7070000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inhibitory-control","display_name":"inhibitory control","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-flexibility","display_name":"cognitive flexibility","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attention","display_name":"attention","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gamification","display_name":"gamification","score":0.6660000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-games","display_name":"cognitive games","score":0.6259999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-outcomes","display_name":"educational outcomes","score":0.5839999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transfer-of-learning","display_name":"transfer of learning","score":0.5649999976158142}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6607000231742859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.6467000246047974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152541439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5186693","display_name":"Critical appraisal","level":3,"score":0.5641000270843506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775968953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q783092","display_name":"Executive functions","level":3,"score":0.5507000088691711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780665704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959298","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","level":2,"score":0.5486999750137329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5414000153541565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.5198000073432922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66102695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5141208","display_name":"Cognitive flexibility","level":3,"score":0.5088000297546387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141330323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2354820","display_name":"Evidence-based practice","level":3,"score":0.4742000102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.45680001378059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.44350001215934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.42719998955726624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780743171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383611","display_name":"Executive summary","level":2,"score":0.41670000553131104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189708586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1504425","display_name":"Systematic review","level":3,"score":0.3935000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166052673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83021","display_name":"Empirical evidence","level":2,"score":0.39079999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.38600000739097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188198153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1613840","display_name":"Limiting","level":2,"score":0.33399999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C533356498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q843894","display_name":"Critical thinking","level":2,"score":0.32429999113082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781206393","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2748419","display_name":"Academic achievement","level":2,"score":0.30809998512268066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.3041999936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158154518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310970","display_name":"Relevance (law)","level":2,"score":0.3001999855041504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148220186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7111912","display_name":"Outcome (game theory)","level":2,"score":0.2957000136375427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61904560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148359","display_name":"Grey literature","level":3,"score":0.29429998993873596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95190672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815382","display_name":"Meta-analysis","level":2,"score":0.29159998893737793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36727532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q861399","display_name":"Educational research","level":2,"score":0.2721000015735626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.25859999656677246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778796910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6033829","display_name":"Inhibitory control","level":3,"score":0.25839999318122864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126139899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4818236","display_name":"Attentional control","level":3,"score":0.2574999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.2574999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.257099986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776836400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31087","display_name":"Calculator","level":2,"score":0.25459998846054077}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.26803/ijlter.25.10.22","doi":"https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.25.10.22","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.25.10.22","pdf_url":"https://www.ijlter.org/index.php/ijlter/article/download/18593/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764443953","display_name":"International Journal of Learning Teaching and Educational Research","issn_l":"1694-2116","issn":["1694-2116","1694-2493"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322553","host_organization_name":"Tresorix Ltd","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Tresorix Ltd"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Learning Teaching and Educational Research","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.26803/ijlter.25.10.22","doi":"https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.25.10.22","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.25.10.22","pdf_url":"https://www.ijlter.org/index.php/ijlter/article/download/18593/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764443953","display_name":"International Journal of Learning Teaching and Educational Research","issn_l":"1694-2116","issn":["1694-2116","1694-2493"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322553","host_organization_name":"Tresorix Ltd","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Tresorix Ltd"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Learning Teaching and Educational Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education","score":0.8278999924659729},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.6240000128746033}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review","display_name":"Systematic Review"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7224864296.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7224864296.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2049357480","https://openalex.org/W2083144102","https://openalex.org/W2124517301","https://openalex.org/W2148481649","https://openalex.org/W2461461975","https://openalex.org/W2947833531","https://openalex.org/W2968628489","https://openalex.org/W3014257104","https://openalex.org/W3092381553","https://openalex.org/W3118615836","https://openalex.org/W3213154474","https://openalex.org/W4211081781","https://openalex.org/W4212788741","https://openalex.org/W4221072496","https://openalex.org/W4224942891","https://openalex.org/W4313461192","https://openalex.org/W4317624341","https://openalex.org/W4328048807","https://openalex.org/W4328124023","https://openalex.org/W4382361052","https://openalex.org/W4386165840","https://openalex.org/W4386483604","https://openalex.org/W4387607844","https://openalex.org/W4391138712","https://openalex.org/W4401813287","https://openalex.org/W4403739595","https://openalex.org/W4405108017","https://openalex.org/W4406464228","https://openalex.org/W4406479671","https://openalex.org/W4410912433","https://openalex.org/W4411353229","https://openalex.org/W4413962454","https://openalex.org/W4416873116","https://openalex.org/W4417221355","https://openalex.org/W7130954654"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7221359048","https://openalex.org/W4411268602","https://openalex.org/W7154691302","https://openalex.org/W4214691932","https://openalex.org/W4403739595","https://openalex.org/W7163026179","https://openalex.org/W7124907337","https://openalex.org/W4405557754","https://openalex.org/W7204730608","https://openalex.org/W2965015010"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,126,215],"incorporation":[1],"of":[2,60,73,186],"digital":[3,54,137,195],"games":[4,138,196],"into":[5],"educational":[6,42],"contexts":[7],"has":[8],"increased":[9],"interest":[10],"in":[11,21,63,145],"their":[12,205],"potential":[13],"to":[14,232],"strengthen":[15],"executive":[16,61,200],"functions":[17,62],"associated":[18],"with":[19,120],"learning":[20],"primary":[22],"education.":[23],"However,":[24],"evidence":[25,52,216],"remains":[26],"fragmented":[27],"across":[28],"intervention":[29,131],"types,":[30],"participant":[31],"profiles,":[32],"assessment":[33],"instruments":[34],"and":[35,49,75,81,88,100,109,139,152,156,163,170,183,201,209,235],"research":[36],"designs,":[37],"limiting":[38],"general":[39,229],"conclusions":[40],"about":[41],"effectiveness.":[43],"This":[44,191],"systematic":[45],"literature":[46],"review":[47,192],"analyses":[48],"synthesises":[50],"empirical":[51],"on":[53,158],"game-based":[55],"interventions":[56],"for":[57,79],"the":[58,67,104,159,233],"development":[59],"primary-school":[64],"pupils.":[65],"Following":[66],"PRISMA":[68],"2020":[69,87],"guidelines,":[70],"Scopus,":[71],"Web":[72],"Science":[74],"ERIC":[76],"were":[77,98,114,154],"searched":[78],"English-":[80],"Spanish-language":[82],"articles":[83],"published":[84],"between":[85],"January":[86],"July":[89],"2026.":[90],"From":[91],"270":[92],"identified":[93],"records,":[94],"49":[95],"full-text":[96],"reports":[97],"assessed,":[99],"16":[101],"studies":[102],"met":[103],"eligibility":[105],"criteria.":[106],"Study":[107],"selection":[108],"design-specific":[110],"JBI":[111],"critical":[112],"appraisal":[113],"conducted":[115],"independently":[116],"by":[117],"two":[118],"reviewers,":[119],"a":[121,220],"third":[122],"reviewer":[123],"resolving":[124],"disagreements.":[125],"findings":[127],"identify":[128],"three":[129],"main":[130],"types:":[132],"purpose-built":[133],"cognitive":[134,150],"games,":[135],"active":[136],"gamified":[140],"academic":[141,171],"activities.":[142],"Reported":[143],"improvements":[144],"working":[146],"memory,":[147],"inhibitory":[148],"control,":[149],"flexibility":[151],"attention":[153,227],"heterogeneous":[155],"depended":[157],"outcome":[160,208],"measure,":[161],"comparator":[162],"implementation":[164,210],"context.":[165],"Executive-task":[166],"performance,":[167],"caregiver":[168],"ratings":[169],"outcomes":[172],"frequently":[173],"produced":[174],"divergent":[175],"results.":[176],"Small":[177],"samples,":[178],"limited":[179],"follow-up,":[180],"incomplete":[181],"reporting":[182],"insufficient":[184],"control":[185],"classroom":[187],"clustering":[188],"constrained":[189],"interpretation.":[190],"concludes":[193],"that":[194],"may":[197,242],"support":[198,219],"specific":[199],"learning-related":[202],"processes":[203],"when":[204],"design,":[206],"intended":[207],"conditions":[211,237],"are":[212],"explicitly":[213],"aligned.":[214],"does":[217],"not":[218],"universally":[221],"effective":[222],"game":[223],"or":[224],"dosage,":[225],"shifting":[226],"from":[228],"technological":[230],"effectiveness":[231],"pedagogical":[234],"methodological":[236],"under":[238],"which":[239],"meaningful":[240],"transfer":[241],"occur.":[243]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-01T11:40:01.658920","created_date":"2026-10-31T00:00:00"}