{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7224859104","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2026.115783","title":"Optimizing land-use for biodiversity conservation and wind prevention and sand fixation in northern China's agro-pastoral ecotone","display_name":"Optimizing land-use for biodiversity conservation and wind prevention and sand fixation in northern China's agro-pastoral ecotone","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7224859104","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2026.115783"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2026.115783","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2026.115783","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2026.115783","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S194154261","display_name":"Ecological Indicators","issn_l":"1470-160X","issn":["1470-160X","1872-7034"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-200","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ecological Indicators","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2026.115783","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109274338","display_name":"Yawen Kang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2351-2768","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2351-2768"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100930933","display_name":"University College Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/05m7pjf47","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100930933"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52158045","display_name":"China Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04v3ywz14","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}],"countries":["CN","IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yawen Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China","School of Geography, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100930933"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082244255","display_name":"Ainhoa Gonzalez del Campo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ainhoa Gonz\u00e1lez Del Campo","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160226565","display_name":"Qian Zhang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52158045","display_name":"China Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04v3ywz14","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qian Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5160226565"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"],"apc_list":{"value":3650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3650},"apc_paid":{"value":3650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3650},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79145613,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"192","issue":null,"first_page":"115783","last_page":"115783"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9404000043869019,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9404000043869019,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13203","display_name":"Environmental Changes in China","score":0.058800000697374344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12467","display_name":"Rangeland Management and Livestock Ecology","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-use-optimization","display_name":"land use optimization","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biodiversity-conservation","display_name":"biodiversity conservation","score":0.9629999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agro-pastoral-ecotone","display_name":"agro-pastoral ecotone","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-objective-optimization","display_name":"multi-objective optimization","score":0.7710000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nsga-ii","display_name":"NSGA-II","score":0.9409999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/future-land-use-simulation","display_name":"future land use simulation","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grassland-restoration","display_name":"grassland restoration","score":0.7670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forest-expansion","display_name":"forest expansion","score":0.7670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-degradation","display_name":"land degradation","score":0.6119999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecological-restoration","display_name":"ecological restoration","score":0.6830000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/northern-china","display_name":"northern China","score":0.5550000071525574}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199877563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55613","display_name":"Ecotone","level":3,"score":0.8845000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130217890","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47041","display_name":"Biodiversity","level":2,"score":0.7867000102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5609999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775835988","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1006733","display_name":"Grassland","level":2,"score":0.5339999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.47940000891685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78437154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2428433","display_name":"Restoration ecology","level":2,"score":0.4569000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153427425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864294","display_name":"Biodiversity hotspot","level":3,"score":0.44190001487731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112276597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16191822","display_name":"Measurement of biodiversity","level":4,"score":0.43479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54286561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q397350","display_name":"Agroforestry","level":1,"score":0.4318000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175963888","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5026010","display_name":"Soil texture","level":3,"score":0.3691999912261963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3481000065803528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132651083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942","display_name":"Climate change","level":2,"score":0.34529998898506165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4792198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165944","display_name":"Land use","level":2,"score":0.32850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107826830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929380","display_name":"Environmental resource management","level":1,"score":0.3190999925136566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158709400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3578586","display_name":"Spatial ecology","level":2,"score":0.3077000081539154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110872660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37813","display_name":"Ecosystem","level":2,"score":0.30720001459121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48515440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5443009","display_name":"Fencing","level":2,"score":0.29580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994246104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641498","display_name":"Biodiversity conservation","level":3,"score":0.27140000462532043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187604713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5570810","display_name":"Global biodiversity","level":3,"score":0.2635999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122690726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3348639","display_name":"Land use, land-use change and forestry","level":3,"score":0.2603999972343445}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2026.115783","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2026.115783","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2026.115783","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S194154261","display_name":"Ecological Indicators","issn_l":"1470-160X","issn":["1470-160X","1872-7034"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-200","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ecological Indicators","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:9c053f4d88ed41238ac850475c52e262","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/9c053f4d88ed41238ac850475c52e262","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Ecological Indicators, Vol 192, Iss , Pp 115783- (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2026.115783","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2026.115783","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2026.115783","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S194154261","display_name":"Ecological Indicators","issn_l":"1470-160X","issn":["1470-160X","1872-7034"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-200","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ecological Indicators","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life on land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":1.0},{"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":0.46149998903274536},{"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.40450000762939453}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","display_name":"China Scholarship Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04atp4p48"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335958","display_name":"Ministry of Education Key Projects of Philosophy and Social Sciences Research","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1494379999","https://openalex.org/W1823393614","https://openalex.org/W2098453963","https://openalex.org/W2100867558","https://openalex.org/W2126105956","https://openalex.org/W2433398639","https://openalex.org/W2569037512","https://openalex.org/W2766529052","https://openalex.org/W2767838978","https://openalex.org/W2832550360","https://openalex.org/W2888639292","https://openalex.org/W2918384304","https://openalex.org/W3035328152","https://openalex.org/W3157467771","https://openalex.org/W3194822222","https://openalex.org/W4200469822","https://openalex.org/W4224049956","https://openalex.org/W4281397892","https://openalex.org/W4289711473","https://openalex.org/W4293830167","https://openalex.org/W4317490193","https://openalex.org/W4383376860","https://openalex.org/W4385497586","https://openalex.org/W4385603424","https://openalex.org/W4394706320","https://openalex.org/W4396666468","https://openalex.org/W4396889397","https://openalex.org/W4399377268","https://openalex.org/W4402764027","https://openalex.org/W4405182745","https://openalex.org/W4409849446","https://openalex.org/W4409866908","https://openalex.org/W4416191735","https://openalex.org/W7124533679","https://openalex.org/W7139947224","https://openalex.org/W7152400333"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4285032976","https://openalex.org/W7204002726","https://openalex.org/W1549547926","https://openalex.org/W4295881062","https://openalex.org/W4220929834","https://openalex.org/W2364353754","https://openalex.org/W3199500470","https://openalex.org/W3126935999","https://openalex.org/W4413900823","https://openalex.org/W7213688531"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,109],"Northern":[1],"China's":[2],"agro-pastoral":[3,245],"ecotone":[4],"is":[5,16,43],"a":[6,236],"critical":[7],"ecological":[8,47,220],"barrier":[9],"for":[10,45,174,178],"central":[11],"and":[12,25,37,66,68,82,102,105,118,125,144,160,210,222],"eastern":[13],"China":[14],"but":[15],"also":[17],"highly":[18],"ecologically":[19],"vulnerable.":[20],"Competition":[21],"between":[22,64,99,115],"cultivated":[23,61,116],"land":[24,33,117],"grassland,":[26],"together":[27],"with":[28,96,152,184,195],"climatic":[29],"variability,":[30],"has":[31],"accelerated":[32],"degradation,":[34],"soil":[35],"erosion,":[36],"biodiversity":[38,100,143,153,179,216],"loss.":[39],"Optimizing":[40],"land-use":[41,94,121,242],"configurations":[42],"essential":[44],"enhancing":[46,175],"functions,":[48],"yet":[49],"practical":[50],"multi-objective":[51,241],"optimization":[52,72,169],"remains":[53],"limited":[54],"in":[55,130,192,199],"this":[56],"region.":[57],"This":[58],"study":[59,188],"examined":[60],"land\u2013grassland":[62],"dynamics":[63],"2000":[65],"2020":[67,150],"developed":[69],"an":[70],"integrated":[71],"framework":[73,234],"combining":[74],"the":[75,83,131,149,181,187,232],"Nondominated":[76],"Sorting":[77],"Genetic":[78],"Algorithm":[79],"II":[80],"(NSGA-II)":[81],"Future":[84],"Land":[85],"Use":[86],"Simulation":[87],"(FLUS)":[88],"model":[89],"to":[90,128,148,157,163,205,239],"evaluate":[91],"three":[92,137,182],"representative":[93],"scenarios":[95,139],"different":[97],"trade-offs":[98],"conservation":[101,209,217],"wind":[103],"prevention":[104],"sand":[106],"fixation":[107],"(WPSF).":[108],"results":[110],"showed":[111],"that":[112],"reciprocal":[113],"conversions":[114],"grassland":[119,164,208],"dominated":[120],"changes":[122,191,198],"during":[123],"2000\u20132020":[124],"closely":[126],"corresponded":[127],"shifts":[129],"400":[132],"mm":[133],"precipitation":[134],"isohyet.":[135],"All":[136],"optimized":[138],"improved":[140],"species":[141],"richness-based":[142],"WPSF":[145,161,176,193],"benefits":[146],"relative":[147],"baseline,":[151],"gains":[154,162],"primarily":[155],"linked":[156],"forest":[158],"expansion":[159],"expansion.":[165],"More":[166],"importantly,":[167],"spatial":[168,226],"exhibited":[170],"substantially":[171],"greater":[172],"potential":[173],"than":[177],"across":[180,244],"scenarios,":[183],">98.5%":[185],"of":[186],"area":[189],"showing":[190,197],"compared":[194],"\u223c44%":[196],"biodiversity.":[200],"These":[201],"findings":[202],"imply":[203],"that,":[204],"enhance":[206],"WPSF,":[207],"restoration":[211,221],"should":[212],"be":[213],"prioritized,":[214],"whereas":[215],"requires":[218],"broader":[219],"governance":[223],"strategies":[224],"beyond":[225],"optimization.":[227],"Beyond":[228],"these":[229],"regional":[230],"implications,":[231],"proposed":[233],"offers":[235],"transferable":[237],"approach":[238],"support":[240],"planning":[243],"ecotones.":[246]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-10-31T00:00:00"}