{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7224856079","doi":"https://doi.org/10.47260/amae/16615","title":"Employee Capabilities for Digital Service Innovation in Multi-Level Marketing: An Application of Importance - Performance Analysis(IPA)","display_name":"Employee Capabilities for Digital Service Innovation in Multi-Level Marketing: An Application of Importance - Performance Analysis(IPA)","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7224856079","doi":"https://doi.org/10.47260/amae/16615"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.47260/amae/16615","doi":"https://doi.org/10.47260/amae/16615","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.47260/amae/16615","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.47260/amae/16615","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764882291","display_name":"Advances in management and applied economics","issn_l":"1792-7544","issn":["1792-7544","1792-7552"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advances in Management and Applied Economics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.47260/amae/16615","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136502921","display_name":"Li-Min, Chih-Hung Chuang, Chen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80327900","display_name":"Chang Jung Christian University","ror":"https://ror.org/02s3d7j94","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80327900"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Li-Min, Chih-Hung. Chuang, Chen.","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chang Jung Christian University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chang Jung Christian University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80327900"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5136502921"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80327900"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8789993,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"16","first_page":"323","last_page":"323"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11114","display_name":"Service and Product Innovation","score":0.6182000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11114","display_name":"Service and Product Innovation","score":0.6182000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14373","display_name":"Securities Regulation and Market Practices","score":0.25949999690055847,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10003","display_name":"Innovation and Knowledge Management","score":0.05770000070333481,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multilevel-marketing","display_name":"multi-level marketing","score":0.9729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-service-innovation","display_name":"digital service innovation","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/employee-capabilities","display_name":"employee capabilities","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/persuasion","display_name":"persuasion","score":0.4620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/co-creation","display_name":"co-creation","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptability","display_name":"adaptability","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-sustainability","display_name":"self-sustainability","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service-dominant-logic","display_name":"service-dominant logic","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-capabilities","display_name":"dynamic capabilities","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capability-gaps","display_name":"capability gaps","score":0.7260000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-transformation","display_name":"digital transformation","score":0.8140000104904175}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.6150000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.6104999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5364000201225281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.5300999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3307092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6532095","display_name":"Service innovation","level":3,"score":0.5230000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5094000101089478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.489300012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198477413","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7647069","display_name":"Survey data collection","level":2,"score":0.41920000314712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202372285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1056396","display_name":"Human resource management","level":2,"score":0.41679999232292175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.40549999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.3686999976634979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98495876","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1323528","display_name":"Digital marketing","level":2,"score":0.34940001368522644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3467000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186037533","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q794803","display_name":"Innovation management","level":2,"score":0.303600013256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780504989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2742037","display_name":"Dynamic capabilities","level":2,"score":0.3012000024318695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29202148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287260","display_name":"Resource allocation","level":2,"score":0.3000999987125397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779977028","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1493813","display_name":"Gap analysis (conservation)","level":3,"score":0.2913999855518341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116537","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2169973","display_name":"Service provider","level":3,"score":0.28119999170303345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984334869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1060653","display_name":"Customer service","level":3,"score":0.2766000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68595000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2274177","display_name":"Service delivery framework","level":3,"score":0.2757999897003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61063171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q532781","display_name":"Service design","level":4,"score":0.2727999985218048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989248294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7455635","display_name":"Service oriented","level":2,"score":0.27070000767707825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126082660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4252370","display_name":"Digital transformation","level":2,"score":0.26820001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58546491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1150207","display_name":"Competitive advantage","level":2,"score":0.26350000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48840187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689042","display_name":"Service management","level":4,"score":0.26339998841285706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107645774","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5467169","display_name":"Human resources","level":2,"score":0.2612999975681305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173481278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7257997","display_name":"Survey research","level":2,"score":0.2597000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43246008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55638","display_name":"Tertiary sector of the economy","level":2,"score":0.25130000710487366}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.47260/amae/16615","doi":"https://doi.org/10.47260/amae/16615","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.47260/amae/16615","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.47260/amae/16615","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764882291","display_name":"Advances in management and applied economics","issn_l":"1792-7544","issn":["1792-7544","1792-7552"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advances in Management and Applied Economics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.47260/amae/16615","doi":"https://doi.org/10.47260/amae/16615","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.47260/amae/16615","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.47260/amae/16615","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764882291","display_name":"Advances in management and applied economics","issn_l":"1792-7544","issn":["1792-7544","1792-7552"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advances in Management and Applied Economics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.6452000141143799,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"},{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.44290000200271606,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7224856079.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7224856079.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W271526086","https://openalex.org/W1541652880","https://openalex.org/W2030226290","https://openalex.org/W2062228572","https://openalex.org/W2743957662","https://openalex.org/W2808797466","https://openalex.org/W2911329500","https://openalex.org/W3009614267","https://openalex.org/W3033432345","https://openalex.org/W3040047350","https://openalex.org/W3159872097","https://openalex.org/W4213074691","https://openalex.org/W4252459496","https://openalex.org/W4386819501"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7161734656","https://openalex.org/W4388424788","https://openalex.org/W7163535711","https://openalex.org/W4287980891","https://openalex.org/W4403348050","https://openalex.org/W7221302767","https://openalex.org/W7009108048","https://openalex.org/W4409046066","https://openalex.org/W7165399205","https://openalex.org/W2143675722"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Digital":[0,124],"service":[1,92],"innovation":[2,93],"has":[3],"become":[4],"essential":[5],"for":[6,103],"enhancing":[7],"customer":[8],"value":[9],"and":[10,43,49,59,69,80,99,107],"organizational":[11],"competitiveness.":[12],"However,":[13],"research":[14,94],"on":[15,27],"the":[16,53,56,96],"capability":[17,38,78],"requirements":[18],"of":[19,62],"multi-level":[20],"marketing":[21],"(MLM)":[22],"practitioners":[23],"remains":[24],"limited.":[25],"Drawing":[26],"Service-Dominant":[28],"Logic,":[29],"Dynamic":[30],"Capabilities":[31],"Theory,":[32],"this":[33],"study":[34,54,88],"identifies":[35],"four":[36],"key":[37],"dimensions:":[39],"Persuasion,":[40],"Co-creation,":[41],"Adaptability,":[42],"Self-sustainability.":[44],"Using":[45],"questionnaire":[46],"survey":[47],"data":[48],"Importance\u2013Performance":[50,129],"Analysis":[51,130],"(IPA),":[52,131],"examines":[55],"perceived":[57],"importance":[58,79],"actual":[60],"performance":[61],"these":[63],"capabilities":[64],"to":[65,90,110],"identify":[66],"management":[67],"priorities":[68],"resource":[70],"allocation":[71],"needs.":[72],"The":[73],"findings":[74],"reveal":[75],"gaps":[76],"between":[77],"performance,":[81],"highlighting":[82],"areas":[83],"requiring":[84],"targeted":[85],"improvement.":[86],"This":[87],"contributes":[89],"digital":[91,112],"in":[95],"MLM":[97],"context":[98],"offers":[100],"practical":[101],"insights":[102],"developing":[104],"training":[105],"strategies":[106],"capability-building":[108],"programs":[109],"support":[111],"transformation.":[113],"JEL":[114],"classification":[115],"numbers:":[116],"C83,":[117],"M15,":[118],"O31.":[119],"Keywords:":[120],"Multi-level":[121],"Marketing":[122],"(MLM),":[123],"Service":[125,132],"Innovation,":[126],"Employee":[127],"Capabilities,":[128],"Management.":[133]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-10-31T00:00:00"}
