{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7224765600","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23798653","title":"Geometric Resolution of the Cosmological Lithium Problem in the Zhang Effective Metric","display_name":"Geometric Resolution of the Cosmological Lithium Problem in the Zhang Effective Metric","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7224765600","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23798653"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.23798653","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23798653","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23798653","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23798653","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160159867","display_name":"Xiangdong Zhang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhang, Xiangdong","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5160159867"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10095","display_name":"Cosmology and Gravitation Theories","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10095","display_name":"Cosmology and Gravitation Theories","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10093","display_name":"Nuclear physics research studies","score":0.003100000089034438,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10921","display_name":"Neutrino Physics Research","score":0.0020000000949949026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cosmological-lithium-problem","display_name":"cosmological lithium problem","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lithium-7","display_name":"lithium-7","score":0.656000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/big-bang-nucleosynthesis","display_name":"big bang nucleosynthesis","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometric-unification","display_name":"geometric unification","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3he-alpha-gamma-7be-reaction","display_name":"3He(\u03b1,\u03b3)7Be reaction","score":0.7440000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hubble-rate","display_name":"Hubble expansion rate","score":0.6880000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neutron-to-proton-ratio","display_name":"neutron-to-proton ratio","score":0.9269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/primordial-deuterium","display_name":"primordial deuterium","score":0.6570000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-universe","display_name":"early universe","score":0.492000013589859}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16743098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837317","display_name":"Big Bang nucleosynthesis","level":4,"score":0.8319000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.7555000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33332235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18362","display_name":"Theoretical physics","level":1,"score":0.5218999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.5023000240325928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778541603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152763","display_name":"Lithium (medication)","level":2,"score":0.45680001378059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58364064","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102296","display_name":"Deuterium","level":2,"score":0.44449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188386629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2902142","display_name":"Big Bang (financial markets)","level":2,"score":0.43970000743865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4397270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q471702","display_name":"Nucleosynthesis","level":3,"score":0.43869999051094055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103874350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179916","display_name":"Hubble's law","level":4,"score":0.4359000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.4115000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26405456","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q338","display_name":"Cosmology","level":2,"score":0.4072999954223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116222747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220888","display_name":"Falsifiability","level":2,"score":0.4058000147342682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172790937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18343","display_name":"Dark energy","level":3,"score":0.40070000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20154449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1129469","display_name":"Metric expansion of space","level":4,"score":0.38659998774528503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.383899986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166126730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q725309","display_name":"Planck","level":2,"score":0.3765999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8466233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757269","display_name":"Metric tensor","level":3,"score":0.37529999017715454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84999194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1","display_name":"Universe","level":2,"score":0.36230000853538513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155281189","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3518150","display_name":"Tensor (intrinsic definition)","level":2,"score":0.3580999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193619082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q468718","display_name":"Isotopes of lithium","level":4,"score":0.32499998807907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777045944","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12170198","display_name":"Zh\u00e0ng","level":3,"score":0.3199000060558319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149298590","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219708","display_name":"Magnetic monopole","level":2,"score":0.31850001215934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138268822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1051925","display_name":"Resolution (logic)","level":2,"score":0.31769999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62796785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12902765","display_name":"Cosmic background radiation","level":4,"score":0.299699991941452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74902906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1190858","display_name":"Radiative transfer","level":2,"score":0.29589998722076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16345878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107472979","display_name":"Orientation (vector space)","level":2,"score":0.29429998993873596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185544564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81197","display_name":"Nuclear physics","level":1,"score":0.2922999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147452769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11452","display_name":"General relativity","level":2,"score":0.28600001335144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207297109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15605","display_name":"Cosmic microwave background","level":3,"score":0.2849000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.28189998865127563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206191943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q238323","display_name":"Nuclear reaction","level":2,"score":0.2791999876499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.26980000734329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96146094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q609057","display_name":"Unification","level":2,"score":0.260699987411499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101454708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17106019","display_name":"Standard Model (mathematical formulation)","level":3,"score":0.2551000118255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.25360000133514404}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.23798653","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23798653","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23798653","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.23798654","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23798654","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23798654","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.23798653","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23798653","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23798653","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7117517942","https://openalex.org/W7154453163","https://openalex.org/W7222879758","https://openalex.org/W7109068046","https://openalex.org/W3110789676","https://openalex.org/W7133752969","https://openalex.org/W7124168803","https://openalex.org/W2116889572","https://openalex.org/W7214040007","https://openalex.org/W7204694691"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"standard":[1],"Big":[2],"Bang":[3],"Nucleosynthesis":[4],"(BBN)":[5],"framework":[6],"correctly":[7],"reproduces":[8],"primordial":[9,86],"deuterium":[10,100],"and":[11,101,119],"helium-4,":[12],"yet":[13],"overpredicts":[14],"lithium-7":[15],"by":[16,50],"roughly":[17],"a":[18,30,58],"factor":[19],"of":[20,125],"three,":[21],"known":[22],"as":[23],"the":[24,34,41,51,70,75,79,90,97,126],"cosmological":[25],"lithium":[26],"problem.":[27],"We":[28],"present":[29],"geometric":[31,36,91],"resolution":[32],"within":[33],"rotational-order":[35],"unification":[37],"programme":[38],"built":[39],"upon":[40],"Zhang":[42],"Effective":[43],"Metric.":[44],"A":[45],"transient":[46],"energy":[47],"density":[48],"sourced":[49],"internal":[52],"S\u00b3":[53],"orientation":[54],"field":[55],"activates":[56],"in":[57],"narrow":[59],"temperature":[60],"band":[61],"near":[62],"T\u22480.1":[63],"MeV":[64],"during":[65],"BBN.":[66],"It":[67],"locally":[68],"raises":[69],"Hubble":[71],"expansion":[72],"rate,":[73],"shortening":[74],"time":[76],"available":[77],"for":[78],"\u00b3He(\u03b1,\u03b3)\u2077Be":[80],"radiative":[81],"capture":[82],"reaction":[83],"that":[84],"dominates":[85],"\u2077Li":[87],"production.":[88],"Because":[89],"contribution":[92],"peaks":[93],"after":[94],"weak":[95],"freeze-out,":[96],"neutron-to-proton":[98],"ratio,":[99],"\u2074He":[102],"yields":[103],"remain":[104],"consistent":[105],"with":[106],"existing":[107],"tight":[108],"observational":[109],"constraints.":[110],"This":[111],"mechanism":[112],"is":[113],"distinct":[114],"from":[115],"exotic":[116],"decaying-particle":[117],"solutions":[118],"furnishes":[120],"an":[121],"early-universe":[122],"falsifiable":[123],"test":[124],"framework.":[127]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-01T11:40:01.658920","created_date":"2026-10-31T00:00:00"}
