{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7224735774","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.rekayasasipil.2026.020.03.5","title":"Complex Infrastructure Risk Networks: A UNM Framework for Analyzing Systematic Interconnectivity","display_name":"Complex Infrastructure Risk Networks: A UNM Framework for Analyzing Systematic Interconnectivity","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7224735774","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.rekayasasipil.2026.020.03.5"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21776/ub.rekayasasipil.2026.020.03.5","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.rekayasasipil.2026.020.03.5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.rekayasasipil.2026.020.03.5","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.rekayasasipil.2026.020.03.5","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210175619","display_name":"Rekayasa Sipil","issn_l":"1978-5658","issn":["1978-5658","2502-6348"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310314997","host_organization_name":"Brawijaya University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310314997"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Brawijaya University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Rekayasa Sipil","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.rekayasasipil.2026.020.03.5","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5157417909","display_name":"Feby Kartika Sari","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I147337026","display_name":"Universitas Trisakti","ror":"https://ror.org/019fnr381","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I147337026"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Feby Kartika Sari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Civil Engineering Department, Universitas Trisakti, 11440, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Civil Engineering Department, Universitas Trisakti, 11440, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I147337026"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072838820","display_name":"Bambang Endro Yuwono","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0042-3196","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0042-3196"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I147337026","display_name":"Universitas Trisakti","ror":"https://ror.org/019fnr381","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I147337026"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bambang Endro Yuwono","raw_affiliation_strings":["Civil Engineering Department, Universitas Trisakti, 11440, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Civil Engineering Department, Universitas Trisakti, 11440, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I147337026"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032283487","display_name":"Ryan Faza Prasetyo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I147337026","display_name":"Universitas Trisakti","ror":"https://ror.org/019fnr381","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I147337026"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ryan Faza Prasetyo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Civil Engineering Department, Universitas Trisakti, 11440, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Civil Engineering Department, Universitas Trisakti, 11440, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I147337026"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070521601","display_name":"Darmawan Pontan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7875-6105","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7875-6105"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I147337026","display_name":"Universitas Trisakti","ror":"https://ror.org/019fnr381","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I147337026"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Darmawan Pontan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Civil Engineering Department, Universitas Trisakti, 11440, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Civil Engineering Department, Universitas Trisakti, 11440, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I147337026"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I147337026"],"apc_list":{"value":350000,"currency":"IDR","value_usd":22},"apc_paid":{"value":350000,"currency":"IDR","value_usd":22},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85660148,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"3","first_page":"295","last_page":"304"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10395","display_name":"Construction Project Management and Performance","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10395","display_name":"Construction Project Management and Performance","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11976","display_name":"Capital Investment and Risk Analysis","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11357","display_name":"Risk and Safety Analysis","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infrastructure-risk-management","display_name":"infrastructure risk management","score":0.7850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-networks","display_name":"risk networks","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-interdependencies","display_name":"risk interdependencies","score":0.7639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systemic-risk","display_name":"systemic risk","score":0.7160000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/large-scale-infrastructure-projects","display_name":"large-scale infrastructure projects","score":0.8270000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-reduction","display_name":"risk mitigation","score":0.6990000009536743}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25516864","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1665949","display_name":"Interconnectivity","level":2,"score":0.8285999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185874996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q269699","display_name":"Interdependence","level":2,"score":0.6890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.6690999865531921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6064000129699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32896092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189447","display_name":"Risk management","level":2,"score":0.5388000011444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5084999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144587487","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1369234","display_name":"Systemic risk","level":3,"score":0.47269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201305675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852998","display_name":"Stakeholder","level":2,"score":0.44359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12174686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058438","display_name":"Risk assessment","level":2,"score":0.42669999599456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.4165000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.40290001034736633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.37959998846054077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.36039999127388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.3379000127315521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34947359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q665189","display_name":"Complex network","level":2,"score":0.31290000677108765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25810664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44325","display_name":"Ontology","level":2,"score":0.29809999465942383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.29429998993873596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104122410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1416406","display_name":"Network model","level":2,"score":0.29319998621940613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.27480000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150241267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7336285","display_name":"Risk management tools","level":3,"score":0.27390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108713360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1824206","display_name":"Supply chain","level":2,"score":0.26919999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11804174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192971","display_name":"Network theory","level":2,"score":0.26840001344680786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119323957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5048226","display_name":"Cascading failure","level":4,"score":0.2651999890804291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.26249998807907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80212096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1975416","display_name":"Systematic risk","level":2,"score":0.2624000012874603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.2587999999523163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114713312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7551269","display_name":"Social network analysis","level":3,"score":0.25839999318122864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29852176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373338","display_name":"Critical infrastructure","level":2,"score":0.2581999897956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164403151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7336280","display_name":"Risk management framework","level":4,"score":0.25679999589920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37945671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7336207","display_name":"Risk-based testing","level":5,"score":0.2547000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781206490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59751","display_name":"Stakeholder management","level":3,"score":0.25369998812675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37752577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q642369","display_name":"Project risk management","level":4,"score":0.25060001015663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.25060001015663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32946077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618079","display_name":"Network analysis","level":2,"score":0.2500999867916107}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21776/ub.rekayasasipil.2026.020.03.5","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.rekayasasipil.2026.020.03.5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.rekayasasipil.2026.020.03.5","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.rekayasasipil.2026.020.03.5","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210175619","display_name":"Rekayasa Sipil","issn_l":"1978-5658","issn":["1978-5658","2502-6348"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310314997","host_organization_name":"Brawijaya University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310314997"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Brawijaya University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Rekayasa Sipil","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:rekayasasipil.ub.ac.id:article/1420","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://rekayasasipil.ub.ac.id/index.php/rs/article/view/1420","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210175619","display_name":"Rekayasa Sipil","issn_l":"1978-5658","issn":["1978-5658","2502-6348"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310314997","host_organization_name":"Brawijaya University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310314997"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Brawijaya University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"1978-5658","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e3d737146a754fc487473ebf0dc8767d","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.rekayasasipil.2026.020.03.5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Rekayasa Sipil, Vol 20, Iss 3, Pp 295-304 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21776/ub.rekayasasipil.2026.020.03.5","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.rekayasasipil.2026.020.03.5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.rekayasasipil.2026.020.03.5","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.rekayasasipil.2026.020.03.5","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210175619","display_name":"Rekayasa Sipil","issn_l":"1978-5658","issn":["1978-5658","2502-6348"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310314997","host_organization_name":"Brawijaya University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310314997"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Brawijaya University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Rekayasa Sipil","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":1.0,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7224735774.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7224735774.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2057188866","https://openalex.org/W3047659768","https://openalex.org/W3135785550","https://openalex.org/W4220702061","https://openalex.org/W4387628454","https://openalex.org/W4402307899","https://openalex.org/W4408168985"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4409704129","https://openalex.org/W4283801114","https://openalex.org/W2793764791","https://openalex.org/W4404212487","https://openalex.org/W7030100385","https://openalex.org/W4411740145","https://openalex.org/W7165637728","https://openalex.org/W2029197118","https://openalex.org/W4401021301","https://openalex.org/W170440448"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Large-scale":[0],"infrastructure":[1,199],"projects":[2],"face":[3],"significant":[4],"risk":[5,32,49,81,130,176],"management":[6],"challenges,":[7],"mainly":[8],"because":[9],"mapping":[10],"interdependencies":[11],"among":[12,136],"risks":[13,21],"is":[14],"difficult.":[15],"Conventional":[16],"methods":[17],"tend":[18],"to":[19,27,47,58,68,174,190],"analyze":[20],"partially":[22],"or":[23],"in":[24,51,197],"isolation,":[25],"failing":[26],"capture":[28],"the":[29,60,77,97,104,117,149,158,166,192],"dynamics":[30],"within":[31,157],"networks":[33],"influenced":[34],"by":[35,132,145],"external":[36],"factors":[37],"such":[38],"as":[39,64,170],"funding":[40],"and":[41,92,152],"regulations.":[42],"This":[43,55,73,139],"limitation":[44],"often":[45],"leads":[46],"inaccurate":[48],"estimations":[50],"complex":[52,198],"project":[53,137,159,183],"environments.":[54,200],"research":[56,164],"aims":[57],"develop":[59],"Uncertainty":[61,105,167],"Network":[62,106,168],"Model":[63,107,169],"a":[65,84,112,171],"methodological":[66],"approach":[67],"map":[69],"this":[70,126,163],"systematic":[71],"interconnectivity.":[72],"study":[74],"explains":[75],"how":[76],"model":[78,127],"visualizes":[79],"non-linear":[80],"interactions":[82],"through":[83],"literature":[85],"review,":[86],"semi-structured":[87],"interviews":[88],"with":[89],"industry":[90],"experts,":[91],"an":[93],"analytical":[94],"description":[95],"of":[96,155,194],"model\u2019s":[98],"structure.":[99],"The":[100],"results":[101],"show":[102],"that":[103,115],"integrates":[108],"stakeholder":[109],"knowledge":[110],"into":[111],"network":[113],"representation":[114],"reveals":[116],"interconnection":[118],"pathways":[119,154],"between":[120],"uncertainties.":[121],"Unlike":[122],"standard":[123],"checklist-based":[124],"approaches,":[125],"supports":[128],"systemic":[129,172],"identification":[131],"uncovering":[133],"hidden":[134],"dependencies":[135],"variables.":[138],"enables":[140],"more":[141,188],"targeted":[142],"mitigation":[143],"decisions":[144],"directing":[146],"focus":[147],"toward":[148],"root":[150],"causes":[151],"propagation":[153],"problems":[156],"network.":[160],"In":[161],"conclusion,":[162],"positions":[165],"alternative":[173],"traditional":[175],"management.":[177],"By":[178],"understanding":[179],"these":[180],"interconnectivity":[181],"pathways,":[182],"managers":[184],"can":[185],"allocate":[186],"resources":[187],"strategically":[189],"improve":[191],"likelihood":[193],"successful":[195],"outcomes":[196]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-10-31T00:00:00"}