{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7224629533","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcp.ijcp_25_26","title":"Experiences of Children with Learning Disabilities in India: Impact of Formal Diagnosis","display_name":"Experiences of Children with Learning Disabilities in India: Impact of Formal Diagnosis","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7224629533","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcp.ijcp_25_26"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4103/ijcp.ijcp_25_26","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcp.ijcp_25_26","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcp.ijcp_25_26","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764691453","display_name":"Indian journal of clinical psychology","issn_l":"0303-2582","issn":["0303-2582","2249-7889"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Indian Journal of Clinical Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcp.ijcp_25_26","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120445066","display_name":"Anagha A. Unikkat","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I699696","display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/0405n5e57","country_code":"IN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I699696"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anagha A. Unikkat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I699696"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021533026","display_name":"Bangalore N. Roopesh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0272-8647","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0272-8647"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I699696","display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/0405n5e57","country_code":"IN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I699696"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bangalore N. Roopesh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I699696"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I699696"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89884763,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"53","issue":"2","first_page":"123","last_page":"128"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14104","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology","score":0.9839000105857849,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3206","display_name":"Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14104","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology","score":0.9839000105857849,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3206","display_name":"Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11015","display_name":"Down syndrome and intellectual disability research","score":0.0015999999595806003,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10537","display_name":"Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder","score":0.0013000000035390258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learning-disabilities","display_name":"learning disabilities","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/children-with-learning-disabilities","display_name":"children with learning disabilities","score":0.859000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lived-experience","display_name":"lived experience","score":0.4259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-esteem","display_name":"self-esteem","score":0.8920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/academic-anxiety","display_name":"academic anxiety","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-interaction-difficulties","display_name":"social interaction difficulties","score":0.722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bullying","display_name":"bullying","score":0.8500000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corporal-punishment","display_name":"corporal punishment","score":0.9359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shaming","display_name":"shaming","score":0.6029999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/family-relationships","display_name":"family relationships","score":0.6840000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychoeducation","display_name":"psychoeducation","score":0.6980000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acceptance-of-disability","display_name":"acceptance of disability","score":0.6600000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/india","display_name":"India","score":0.8109999895095825}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100207952","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7311597","display_name":"Remedial education","level":2,"score":0.6704000234603882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74196892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7781188","display_name":"Thematic analysis","level":3,"score":0.5957000255584717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15107229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860740","display_name":"Learning disability","level":2,"score":0.5946000218391418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4830999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776474481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q305","display_name":"Corporal punishment","level":2,"score":0.4447000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.43720000982284546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779295839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3544090","display_name":"Punishment (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4099000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.40560001134872437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992884035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7551229","display_name":"Social life","level":2,"score":0.39079999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.3375999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.32919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019207227","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10883614","display_name":"Human life","level":3,"score":0.2888999879360199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.2874999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190248442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839486","display_name":"Qualitative research","level":2,"score":0.26739999651908875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020757746","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860740","display_name":"Learning disorders","level":3,"score":0.26739999651908875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.2637999951839447}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4103/ijcp.ijcp_25_26","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcp.ijcp_25_26","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcp.ijcp_25_26","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764691453","display_name":"Indian journal of clinical psychology","issn_l":"0303-2582","issn":["0303-2582","2249-7889"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Indian Journal of Clinical Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.4103/ijcp.ijcp_25_26","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcp.ijcp_25_26","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcp.ijcp_25_26","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764691453","display_name":"Indian journal of clinical psychology","issn_l":"0303-2582","issn":["0303-2582","2249-7889"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Indian Journal of Clinical Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9537000060081482,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"},{"display_name":"Quality education","score":0.6164000034332275,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"},{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.5676000118255615,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1563382124","https://openalex.org/W1979290264","https://openalex.org/W2005072093","https://openalex.org/W2016482242","https://openalex.org/W2043842957","https://openalex.org/W2143384859","https://openalex.org/W2162564600","https://openalex.org/W2551494181","https://openalex.org/W2605889947","https://openalex.org/W2606260580","https://openalex.org/W2912076409"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2071679670","https://openalex.org/W2532191150","https://openalex.org/W4280585152","https://openalex.org/W4393860174","https://openalex.org/W3041829872","https://openalex.org/W134977701","https://openalex.org/W7216366924","https://openalex.org/W4322153467","https://openalex.org/W2334541585","https://openalex.org/W2336928067"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Background:":[1],"The":[2,52,184,199,212],"awareness":[3,180],"of":[4,60,82,174,187,197,214],"learning":[5],"disabilities":[6],"(LD)":[7],"is":[8,21,97],"significantly":[9],"less":[10],"among":[11],"the":[12,27,58,83,101,168,172,175,195],"general":[13],"public":[14],"in":[15,23,119,191,216,219],"India.":[16],"Compounding":[17],"this":[18],"problem,":[19],"there":[20],"difficulty":[22,118],"recognizing":[24],"it":[25,162],"by":[26],"parents":[28],"and":[29,49,63,81,117,132,157,170,202,209,222,235],"teachers,":[30,136],"as":[31,33,130,137,139,146],"well":[32,138],"inadequate":[34],"human":[35],"resources":[36],"that":[37,106,151,165,225],"provide":[38],"remedial":[39],"training.":[40],"Given":[41],"this,":[42],"children":[43,61,71,107,176,188,217],"with":[44,67,72,108,189,233],"LD":[45,109,190,215],"are":[46],"often":[47],"misunderstood":[48],"inappropriately":[50],"treated.":[51],"current":[53],"research":[54],"aimed":[55],"to":[56,75,111],"understand":[57],"experiences":[59,128,186,200],"before":[62,201],"after":[64,167,194,203],"being":[65,144],"diagnosed":[66,145],"LD.":[68,182,198],"Methods:":[69],"Thirty":[70],"LD,":[73,148],"belonging":[74],"both":[76],"genders":[77],"(males":[78],"=":[79],"21)":[80],"age":[84],"group":[85],"10\u201317":[86],"years,":[87],"were":[88],"administered":[89],"a":[90,220],"detailed":[91],"semi-structured":[92],"interview":[93],"schedule.":[94],"Thematic":[95],"analysis":[96],"carried":[98],"out":[99],"on":[100],"data.":[102],"Results:":[103],"Results":[104],"show":[105],"tend":[110],"have":[112,159],"poor":[113],"self-esteem,":[114],"academic":[115],"anxiety,":[116],"social":[120],"interactions.":[121],"Further,":[122],"they":[123,149],"go":[124],"through":[125],"negative":[126,227],"life":[127,185,228],"such":[129],"shaming":[131],"corporal":[133],"punishment":[134],"from":[135,141],"bullying":[140],"peers.":[142],"After":[143],"having":[147],"reported":[150],"their":[152],"familial":[153],"relationship,":[154],"scholastic":[155],"performance,":[156],"self-esteem":[158],"improved.":[160],"However,":[161],"was":[163],"found":[164],"even":[166],"diagnosis":[169,196,204],"psychoeducation,":[171],"majority":[173],"still":[177],"lacked":[178],"proper":[179],"about":[181],"Conclusions:":[183],"India":[192],"changed":[193],"differ":[205],"across":[206],"academic,":[207],"family,":[208],"psychological":[210],"domains.":[211],"acceptance":[213],"occurs":[218],"slow":[221],"stage-wise":[223],"fashion":[224],"includes":[226],"experiences,":[229],"denial,":[230],"shaming,":[231],"conflicts":[232],"others,":[234],"self-doubt.":[236]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-02T09:45:03.842371","created_date":"2026-10-30T00:00:00"}